铝合金表面阳极化处理及其胶接性能分析

采用磷酸电解质对铝合金板进行了阳极化处理并测试了其胶接性能,测试了阳极化过程中铝合金板的基本力学性能,观察了阳极化处理后的铝合金板的表面形貌,分析了阳极化处理后铝合金粘接副的胶接界面、拉伸剪切失效模式.结果表明,铝合金板经过酸洗、碱洗和阳极化等过程后,其破坏强度、屈服强度、弹性模量和断裂延伸率等力学性能基本保持不变.阳极化后铝合金板表面形成了一层凹凸不平、多孔结构氧化膜,胶接时胶黏剂能渗透进入该氧化膜,形成一层胶接过渡层,阳极化处理提高了铝合金粘接副之间的拉伸剪切强度,其拉伸剪切强度最大可提高1.76倍.阳极化处理后的铝合金板粘接副之间的破坏模式为混合破坏,即存在胶黏剂的剪切破坏,同时存在粘接界面的剥离破坏.     

碳纤维复合管-铝合金胶接接头拉伸性能研究

以直径为80 mm,壁厚为1 mm的碳纤维复合管-Al合金胶接接头为研究对象,通过整体拉伸试验比较了不同胶接长度、胶层厚度、外加紧固件对接头破坏载荷的影响。结果表明:胶接面的破坏载荷随着胶接长度的增大先增大后减小,随着胶层厚度的增大而降低。随着胶接长度和厚度的增加,胶接面由复合材料分层破坏和部分胶层的剪切破坏转向胶接界面剥离破坏。在胶接面上施加紧固件能够抵消部分附加弯矩引起的剥离应力,从而提高接头的破坏载荷。胶接长度为100 mm,胶层厚度为0.01 mm～0.02 mm,施加三条非均布紧固件的胶接面能够承受最大为255 kN的破坏载荷。     

环氧结构胶固化工艺对胶接接头性能的影响

以XH-11环氧结构胶为研究对象,采用正交试验法进行多因素试验设计,研究了固化温度、固化时间、晾置时间、表面粗糙度等因素对金属胶接接头拉伸剪切强度和冲击强度的影响,得出了最佳固化条件,并通过数据统计分析得到影响因素为自变量的力学性能回归方程,为胶接接头的强度预测提供参考.     

胶接碳纤维复合材料层合板拉伸性能及有限元模拟

使用自动铺带工艺制得胶接的碳纤维复合材料层压板试验件,通过轴向拉伸测试,测得了整个试验件的载荷-位移曲线和检测点附近的应变-载荷曲线。试验结果表明,在拉伸载荷作用下试件发生层间剪切破坏,由于胶层的剪切强度高于层合板的层间剪切强度,破坏并没有发生在胶接面内,而是发生在胶层以外的层合板的层间。建立了相应的有限元模型,模拟结果和试验结果的一致说明了有限元模型的合理性。     

直升机桨叶包片胶接前激光毛化处理的有效性研究

为提升直升机桨叶包片胶接质量,开展激光毛化技术在不同材料包片胶接前表面处理工艺中的有效性研究.分别对经酸洗、喷砂、激光毛化工艺处理后的钛合金、不锈钢、纯镍金属材料试件,进行外观、粗糙度、微观形貌检测,并在胶接后进行浮辊剥离试验、剪切强度试验,结果表明:激光毛化处理可在金属表面获得规则的微观形貌,且试件无变形现象,与喷砂表面同等级粗糙度下,浮辊剥离值及剪切强度明显高于喷砂或酸洗处理的表面,可有效提升胶接结合强度.     

胶厚对钛合金-复合材料接头胶接性能的影响

采用钛合金与芳纶纤维复合材料制备了不同胶层厚度的单搭接接头。利用DIC与万能试验机对接头进行了拉伸-剪切性能测试,研究了不同胶层厚度异质材料的接头胶接性能、应变场与破坏模式的变化规律,分析了在拉伸载荷下,不同胶层厚度接头的失效特点。结果表明,当胶层厚度由0. 2 mm增加至1. 2 mm时,接头极限载荷由6. 13k N降低至5. 89 k N,损伤后剩余强度降低,薄胶层接头出现渐进失效;复合材料端头高剥离与拉伸应变区域面积增加,厚胶层与被胶接件一同变形,导致接头提前失效;钛合金-胶层界面破坏模式增多,芳纶纤维复合材料层间破坏模式减少;接头在发生复合材料层间破坏后,仍能够保持较高的剩余强度,当钛合金-胶层界面遭到破坏后,易整体失效。     

无人机机翼用复合材料的胶接与性能研究

为了提升无人机机翼用碳纤维/铝复合材料的胶接强度,采用4因素5水平的正交试验法对超声振动胶接工艺参数进行了优化,并与传统未施加超声振动的胶接接头进行了对比。结果表明,超声振动胶接工艺中对胶接强度影响最大的是振动时间,其次为振动幅值,振动位置的影响最小;正交试验结果表明,碳纤维/铝胶接接头的最佳工艺参数为A3B5C3D5,即振动时间23 s、振动压力0.40 MPa、振动位置30 mm和振动幅值56μm,此时碳纤维/铝胶接接头胶接强度最大。相较于未施加超声振动的胶接接头,正交优化工艺下胶接接头的最大拉伸荷载平均值提高42.13%,胶接强度平均值提高41.59%。     

环氧胶膜对聚四氟乙烯薄片和铝合金胶接研究

对新型环氧芳胺结构胶膜进行了固化工艺、耐热性能及微观形貌的研究。研究结果表明：该胶膜的玻璃化转变温度（tanδ法）约为202℃,TGA曲线表明固化后的胶膜质量损失5%的温度约为372℃,DTG曲线表明胶膜的最快热失重速率约为400℃;扫描电镜照片显示,胶膜断面呈现韧性破坏模式。用此胶膜开展了耐磨型聚四氟乙烯薄片和铝合金的胶接研究,分析了固化时间、压力及铝合金表面处理方法对二者胶接强度的影响。研究结果表明：当采用固化工艺为180℃/3 h、压力为0.3 MPa时,耐磨型聚四氟乙烯薄片和铝合金胶接强度较佳,常温（23℃）剪切强度为12.7 MPa,高温（177℃）剪切强度为5.6 MPa;该胶膜在航空发动机上具有潜在的应用价值。     

水对液相氧化处理聚乙烯木塑复合材胶接性能的影响

采用液相氧化方法对木粉/聚乙烯木塑复合材料进行表面处理以改善其胶接性能。研究了氧化处理后木塑复合材料胶接接头的耐水性,并利用接触角测试、SEM、FT-IR等分析手段,探讨了木塑复合材料胶接接头在水环境下的老化失效原因。结果表明,未处理的聚乙烯木塑复合材料难以胶接,经过液相氧化处理后,不但可以提高聚乙烯木塑复合材料的胶接强度,还可改善木塑复合材料胶接接头的耐水性。在水的作用下,液相氧化处理聚乙烯木塑复合材的表面结构会发生改变,复合材料中木质纤维的吸水膨胀也会导致材料表面出现裂纹,致使胶接接头失效。     

等离子体处理对航空复合材料胶接性能的影响研究

本文探讨了等离子体处理对航空用高温固化环氧复合材料的表面状态及胶接性能的影响。利用光学照相、静态接触角及红外测温等方式初步考察了表面处理过程中复合材料表面状态的变化情况,揭示了复合材料表面的强烈相互作用行为以及随之产生的物理化学特征;进一步对经不同等离子参数处理的复合材料胶接试验件进行I型层间断裂韧性测试。结果表明,G_IC性能可优化到834J/m²,相比于空白试样提升约22%,揭示了等离子体对提升复合材料胶接面结合力的正向作用。     

Effect of adhesive thickness and surface roughness on the shear strength of aluminium one-component polyurethane adhesive single-lap joints for automotive applications

Adhesively bonded technology is now widely accepted as a valuable tool in mechanical design, allowing the production of connections with a very good strength‐to‐weight ratio. The bonding may be made between metal–metal, metal–composite or composite–composite. In the automotive industry, elastomeric adhesives such as polyurethanes are used in structural applications such as windshield bonding because they present important advantages in terms of damping, impact, fatigue and safety, which are critical factors. For efficient designs of adhesively bonded structures, the knowledge of the relationship between substrates and the adhesive layer is essential. The aim of this work, via an experimental study, is to carry out and quantify the various variables affecting the strength of single-lap joints (SLJs), especially the effect of the surface preparation and adhesive thickness. Aluminium SLJs were fabricated and tested to assess the adhesive performance in a joint. The effect of the bondline thickness on the lap-shear strength of the adhesives was studied. A decrease in surface roughness was found to increase the shear strength of the SLJs. Experimental results showed that rougher surfaces have less wettability which is coherent with shear strength tests. However, increasing the adhesive thickness decreased the shear strength of SLJs. Indeed, a numerical model was developed to search the impact of increasing adhesive thickness on the interface of the adherend.     

G／Epoxy复合材料胶接强度研究

使用G／Epoxy作为底材研究了垫板、结构胶黏剂厚度和底材表面处理对拉伸剪切强度的影响。使用光学显微镜观察了断口形貌。结果表明加垫板能减小试验过程中由于加载偏心引起剥离应力,测试结果较大;结构胶黏剂的厚度和底材表面处理对拉伸剪切强度影响十分明显,随着厚度的增大而减小,经打磨表面裸露出纤维的试样拉伸剪切强度很低。结构胶黏剂厚度较小时以内聚破坏为主,随着厚度的增加破坏模式转变为粘接破坏。     

Surface treatments of wood–plastic composites (WPCs) to improve adhesion

In an effort to improve the adhesive bonding between wood–plastic composites (WPCs) formulated with polypropylene and a commercial epoxy adhesive, surface treatments were performed to chemically and/or physically modify the surface of WPCs. The treatments were performed on extruded WPC that had been planed and consisted of chromic acid treatment, flame treatment, water treatment, flame then water treatment and water then flame treatment. The strength of the adhesive bonds of the treated samples was tested following ASTM D 905 and the maximum shear stress was calculated for each treatment. The chromic acid and flame treatments increased their respective average shear strengths by 97% and 67% compared to an untreated control group. The increase in bond strength due to these two treatments is believed to be a result of their oxidative mechanisms. The water treatment, which consisted of covering the planed surface of a WPC with water for 10 min, resulted in an increase in shear strength of 31% relative to the control. Characterization of the water-treated WPC surface with profilometry and scanning electron microscopy indicated that the likely mechanism for the increase in bond strength was the absorption of water and subsequent swelling of the wood present in the WPC, creating greater surface area for bonding. The combination of flame and water treatments showed increased shear strength relative to the individual treatments alone, indicating that the two processes might act synergistically to facilitate the formation of stronger adhesive bonds.     

CRH3高速动车组空调通风口胶接结构设计

通过理论分析和计算确定了动车组空调通风口部件与铝合金车体胶接用胶粘剂的强度指标。介绍了胶粘剂的选择及胶接结构的设计原则,考查了搭接长度、搭接宽度、胶层厚度和被粘接材料厚度等对胶接件粘接强度的影响。结果表明:车体与空调通风口部件的胶接接头选择受剪切应力作用的搭接接头较适宜,并且搭接接头的承载能力随搭接长度或宽度增加呈先快速上升后趋于稳定态势;当搭接长度为10 mm、胶层厚度为6 mm、铝合金板厚度为5 mm且常温湿固化型单组分PU(聚氨酯)胶粘剂的剪切强度超过0.23 MPa时,搭接接头的承载能力相对最大。     

室温固化高性能胶粘剂的研制

为了改善环氧树脂(EP)胶粘剂对某些金属和非金属材料的粘接性能,采用自制的增韧剂改性EP,制备了一种可室温固化的无溶剂双组分EP胶粘剂。考察了增韧剂用量、不同的室温固化剂及表面处理方法对金属和非金属材料的粘接性能、耐热性能和耐介质性能的影响。实验结果表明,该胶粘剂对金属和非金属都具有良好的粘接性能;用于PVC和ABS粘接时,则被粘材料被破坏;用于聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)和聚乙烯(PE)粘接时,其最高剪切强度分别为1.9 MPa和1.8 MPa。     

金属用底胶表面处理的工艺研究

以730胶粘剂为底胶对金属被粘表面进行处理。试验了底胶和处理工艺对金属与丁腈橡胶粘接强度的影响，对产品进行了老化试验和实际应用。结果表明，该工艺金属被粘面的活性期长达21d，且可大幅度提高粘接强度。     

Investigation of accumulated laser fluence and bondline thickness effects on adhesive joint performance of CFRP composites

In the present study, both the effects of accumulated laser fluence as surface treatment and bondline thickness on adhesive bonding of carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composite materials were investigated. Proper CFRP composite surfaces for adhesive bonding were obtained by a laser treatment process using pulsed CO₂ laser. Laser treatments were obtained with different accumulated laser fluences and then surfaces were analyzed with roughness and contact angle measurements. Adhesive bonding was performed with various bondline thicknesses ranged between 30–500 µm using two component structural epoxy based paste adhesive (Loctite Hysol ® EA 9396^TM). Adhesive bonding strength of bonded samples was determined with single lap shear tests. It is worthy to note that if the accumulated laser fluence which has significant effect on shear strength does not optimize, it causes ineffective adhesion.     

Microscale groove effect on shear strength of epoxy-bonded dissimilar metal plate

In this study, the shear strengths of Al 7075–HSS adhesive bonded, grooved and smooth plates were investigated. The proven toughness and durability of adhesives have drawn the attention of researchers who want to take advantage of the technology to benefit the development of ballistic resistance sandwich panels. However, the strength of the panel depends on the design of surface topography. Therefore, it is essential to understand the fracture upon loading parallel to the plane of the adhesive bonded metal plates. In this experiment, toughened epoxy was used to bond dissimilar metal plates at 1 mm thickness. The shear tests were performed with a universal-testing machine to identify the maximum fracture loads. The results showed that a shear lap joint specimen with a grooved surface yields a higher strength than a smooth specimen. From the fracture behaviour of all specimens, interfacial failure with some degree of cohesive failure was observed. This indicates that the strength of the adhesive-bonded metal plate driven by a mechanical interlocking effect and mode of failure for thick bondline was the result of interfacial strength rather than adhesive bulk strength. Shear value results and fractography for 1 mm bond thickness provide insights towards steel fibre application in epoxy.     

浇注型聚氨酯弹性体/硫化橡胶粘接性能影响因素研究

介绍了CPUE(浇注型聚氨酯弹性体)与硫化橡胶之间粘接强度的影响因素,分别从粘合剂的类型、橡胶表面处理方式、表面处理剂及其浓度等方面考察了影响硫化橡胶与CPUE之间粘接强度的主要因素。结果表明:对橡胶表面进行机械打磨并用浓度为2%～3%的三氯异氰尿酸丙酮溶液进行化学处理,有利于硫化橡胶与CPUE之间粘接强度的提高;当活化时间超过1.5 h时,粘合剂的活化程度较高,粘接效果较好;粘合剂224-2的粘接效果优于粘合剂5190S-2。     

聚氨酯胶粘剂在NaCl水溶液中的耐久性机理研究

采用拉伸实验方法测试了聚氨酯胶粘剂胶接试样在盐溶液中浸泡前后的拉伸剪切强度,并考察了水、NaCl水溶液的温度、NaCl的含量以及应力对胶粘剂粘接强度的影响。利用红外谱图分析了浸泡前后胶粘剂化学结构的变化。实验结果表明:聚氨酯胶粘剂的粘接强度在NaCl水溶液中的下降速率比在蒸馏水中的下降速率慢。温度的作用主要表现为在浸泡初期能加速聚氨酯胶粘剂的降解和粘接强度下降,但是在浸泡中后期,则其作用变小。聚氨酯胶粘剂粘接强度的下降趋势在浸泡初期随NaCl含量的增加而减缓,在浸泡中后期,其结果刚好相反。胶粘剂的粘接强度随载荷的增加而急剧下降。