双功能性离子液体溶胶-凝胶法制备介孔SiO_2

首先合成了一种新型双功能性离子液体1-甲基-3-(3'-磺酸丙基)咪唑十二烷基磺酸盐([PMIM(SO3H)][C12SO3]),并采用FT-IR、1H NMR和13C NMR对其结构进行了表征;进一步以该离子液体为模板剂和酸源,以正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)为硅源,通过溶胶-凝胶法制备出介孔SiO2,利用TGA和FT-IR研究了介孔材料的形成过程,采用SAXRD、SEM、TEM和氮气等温吸附-脱附等手段对介孔材料的结构形貌进行了表征,并研究了其对Pb2+的吸附性能。结果显示,以[PMIM(SO3H)][C12SO3]为模板剂和酸源制备的介孔SiO2其比表面积、孔容、平均孔径大小分别为1 010m2/g、0.95 cm3/g、3.25 nm,其对重金属Pb2+有很好的吸附性能。     

聚氧化乙烯-聚硅氧烷基离子液体复合聚合物电解质的研究

通过对不同聚硅氧烷(PDMS)含量的聚氧化乙烯-聚硅氧烷(PEO-PDMS)聚合物电解质电化学性能的测试,确定出PDMS最佳添加量,并以此聚合物配比为基体,通过复合不同质量分数的离子液体1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑双三氟甲磺酰亚胺盐([BMIM]TF-SI)或N-甲基、丙基哌啶双三氟甲磺酰亚胺盐(PP13TFSI),制备得到不同体系的离子液体复合聚合物电解质膜。离子液体的加入可显著提高聚合物电解质的室温电导率,样品PPP-100%室温电导率达到5.6×10-4S/cm。同时,样品均具有良好的热学和电化学稳定性。通过两种体系聚合物电解质性能对比得知,PP13TFSI离子液体复合聚合物电解质具有更优性能,有望作为新型电解质材料应用在锂离子电池中。     

离子液体中氧化锌纳米结构的合成

以离子液体为介质，采用一步化学热分解反应制备出直径为10nm左右，长度达40-110nm的氧化锌纳米棒。利用IR，XRD，TEM以及SAED等测试手段对其进行了表征。实验结果表明：体系中离子液体的加入对产物形貌有着重要的影响。同时讨论了氧化锌纳米结构的生长机理。     

离子液体的设计合成

离子液体具有非常好的物理、化学性质 ,正引起人们越来越多的重视。作为一种可设计溶剂 ,可以调整离子液体的结构 ,设计出一些有独特功能的任务适应性离子液体。本文就目前发展的一些特殊用途的离子液体合成设计进行了介绍 ,为人们更好的应用与设计提供参考。     

聚离子液体型聚合物电解质的制备及表征

以N-乙烯基咪唑、溴乙酸甲酯和二（三氟甲基磺酰亚胺）锂（LiTFSI）为原料,采用溶液聚合法制备了聚（1-乙烯基-3-乙酸甲酯基咪唑二（三氟甲基磺酰亚胺））（PMVIm-TFSI）。将其与LiTFSI和聚（甲基丙烯酸甲酯-醋酸乙烯酯）（P（MMA-VAc））共混制得了不同质量比的聚合物电解质。核磁共振（1 HNMR）、红外光谱（FT-IR）、示差扫描量热计（DSC）、热重分析（TGA）、X射线衍射（XRD）、扫描电镜（SEM）、交流阻抗（AC impedance）等对电解质的测试结果表明,PMVIm-TFSI掺杂到P（MMA-VAc）和LiTFSI组成的电解质中后其电导率得到了极大的改善,30℃下最高可达4.71×10-4S/cm,同时热稳定性也得到了极大的提高。此外,该共混电解质（透过率≥90%）还可以运用到电致变色器件（ECD）导电离子材料中,也显示出了优良的电化学性能。     

有机溶剂/离子液混合体系对纤维素溶解性能的影响

建立低粘度的离子液体与质子型有机溶剂混合体系,考察纤维素在该体系中的溶解性。结果表明,3种有机溶剂二甲基亚砜(DMSO)、二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)、二甲基乙酰胺(DMAc)都有助于降低混合体系的粘度,当有机溶剂质量分数为20%时,混合体系粘度下降50%。纤维素在质量分数为20%的二甲基亚砜/1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑醋酸盐混合体系(DMSO/[Emim]Ac)中溶解性最佳,高聚合度(DP 1460)的松木纤维90℃下的溶解度从未添加DMSO时的5.0g/100g提高到7.5g/100g,溶解时间减少;红外光谱证实,DMSO/[Emim]Ac混合体系为纤维素的非衍生化试剂,X衍射表明,松木纤维经过溶解再生后发生了从纤维素Ⅰ型到纤维素Ⅱ型的晶型转变。     

Synthesis of hierarchical CuS flower-like submicrospheres via an ionic liquid-assisted route

A facile, ionic liquid-assisted route was developed to synthesize hierarchical CuS flower-like submicrospheres at 80°C for 24 h. The method was based on a reaction between CuCl₂ and thioacetamide (TAA) in aqueous solution with using ionic liquid 1-n-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([BMIM]Cl) as an assisted agent. The chemical composition, morphology and size of CuS product were characterized by XRD, SEM and TEM. The result shows that the as-prepared CuS consists of flowery spheres with a diameter of 0·6 ∼ 1·0 μm, and these submicrospheres are, in fact, built by numerous nanoflakes with a thickness of 10 ∼ 20 nm. The optical property of CuS product was examined by UV-Vis. In general, we suggested an ecologically and environmentally friendly route for the syntheses of hierarchical metal chalcogenides structures in this paper.     

25th Anniversary Article: “Cooking Carbon with Salt”: Carbon Materials and Carbonaceous Frameworks from Ionic Liquids and Poly(ionic liquid)s

This review surveys recent work on the use of ionic liquids (ILs) and polymerized ionic liquids (PILs) as precursors to synthesize functional carbon materials. As solvents or educts with negligible vapour pressure, these systems enable simple processing, composition, and structural control of the resulting carbons under rather simple and green synthesis conditions. Recent applications of the resulting nanocarbons across a multitude of fields, such as fuel cells, energy storage in batteries and supercapacitors, catalysis, separation, and sorption materials are highlighted.     

Hydrothermal synthesis of CdSe hierarchical dendrites using ionic liquid as template

Well-defined CdSe hierarchical dendrites have been synthesized through a facile and effective hydrothermal method. The as-formed CdSe dendrites possess good dispersity and have an average length of about 1 μm along the trunk. Most importantly, it is found that long-chain ionic liquid [C₁₆mim]Cl (1-hexadecyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride), which can adsorb on the (002) plane of wurtize CdSe driven by the coulomb force, serves as an effective template and plays a critical role for the morphology of the product. Furthermore, the UV-vis spectrum of the CdSe dendrites displays absorption maxima at 296 nm; therefore, the obtained CdSe dendrites might have promising application in blue emitters, gas sensors, and light-emitting devices.     

Triboelectric energy harvesting with surface-charge-fixed polymer based on ionic liquid

A novel triboelectric energy harvester has been developed using an ionic liquid polymer with cations fixed at the surface. In this report, the fabrication of the device and the characterization of its energy harvesting performance are detailed. An electrical double layer was induced in the ionic liquid polymer precursor to attract the cations to the surface where they are immobilized using a UV-based crosslinking reaction. The finalized polymer is capable of generating an electrical current when contacted by a metal electrode. Using this property, energy harvesting experiments were conducted by cyclically contacting a gold-surface electrode with the charge fixed surface of the polymer. Control experiments verified the effect of immobilizing the cations at the surface. By synthesizing a polymer with the optimal composition ratio of ionic liquid to macromonomer, an output of 77 nW/cm² was obtained with a load resistance of 1 MΩ at 1 Hz. This tuneable power supply with a μA level current output may contribute to Internet of Things networks requiring numerous sensor nodes at remote places in the environment.     

离子液体/金属-有机骨架复合材料制备方法、理论计算及应用研究进展

金属-有机骨架(MOF)是一种多孔、高比表面积的新型纳米材料.离子液体(IL)具有稳定性好、功能可设计的特点,将IL负载到MOF的孔中,实现离子液体和MOF材料的有效组合,开发新型功能化复合多孔材料,有利于充分发挥两种材料的优势.本文主要介绍IL/MOF复合材料合成方法、分子模拟及其应用的最新研究.总结目前IL/MOF...     

High-throughput CW-IR laser deposition and laser microscope imaging of binary ionic liquids in vacuum

A combinatorial library of binary mixtures of ionic liquids with various mixing ratios was fabricated on a single sapphire substrate using the composition-spread technique combined with a continuous-wave infrared (CW-IR) laser deposition method; the mixtures were condensed in the form of micro-scale droplets. The mixing ratio within the droplets was examined by Raman spectroscopy. The contact angle of the droplets was found to systematically vary with the mixing ratio. Their thermal behavior was characterized with an ultrahigh-vacuum laser microscope, revealing the dependence of the evaporation rate on the mixing ratio.     

High-throughput CW-IR laser deposition and laser microscope imaging of binary ionic liquids in vacuum

Abstract

A combinatorial library of binary mixtures of ionic liquids with various mixing ratios was fabricated on a single sapphire substrate using the composition-spread technique combined with a continuous-wave infrared (CW-IR) laser deposition method; the mixtures were condensed in the form of micro-scale droplets. The mixing ratio within the droplets was examined by Raman spectroscopy. The contact angle of the droplets was found to systematically vary with the mixing ratio. Their thermal behavior was characterized with an ultrahigh-vacuum laser microscope, revealing the dependence of the evaporation rate on the mixing ratio.     

离子液体在质子交换膜中的应用研究进展

质子交换膜是质子交换膜燃料电池(PEMFC)的核心元件之一,以Nafion为代表的全氟磺酸膜的电导率强烈依赖于水含量,而以磺化聚醚醚酮(SPEEK)为代表的磺化芳香族聚合物膜电导率依然有需要改善的空间,这些限制了PEMFC进一步的发展.离子液体具有较高的电导率,优异的热稳定性、电化学稳定性,且不挥发,因此可以替代水在高温下作为质子传递介质,应用于传统质子交换膜性能提升的改性,提高膜的质子电导率和使用温度.文章对近年来离子液体在SPEEK、PS、PBI、PI、PVDF、Nafion等树脂中的应用及质子传递机理进行了综述,阐述了应用中存在的问题及对策,并对研究前景进行了展望.     

A task specific basic ionic liquid for synthesis of flower-like ZnO by hydrothermal method

Flower-like ZnO morphology, with different shapes, have been successfully synthesized via a novel and environment-friendly hydrothermal method using zinc acetate and a task specific dicationic dibasic ionic liquid, [mmpim]₂[OH]₂, which plays an important role in fabrication of ZnO structure. The structure and morphology of the product were characterized by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy, which show different flower-like morphologies. Photoluminescence spectrum of the product exhibits a strong ultraviolet emission at 391 nm and two weak blue-green emissions at about 450 and 500 nm.