A Network-Based Dynamic Channel Assignment Scheme for TDMA Cellular Systems

Network-based dynamic channel assignment (DCA) schemes can be used to increase the capacity of TDMA cellular systems. In this paper, a new distributed network-based DCA scheme, known as DCA with interference information, DCA-WI, is proposed and its performance is studied. In this scheme, a base station (BS) assigns a channel in such a way as to minimize the effect on the availability of channels for use in its interfering cells. To accomplish this, each BS maintains an interference information table which contains information about the local cell and its interfering cells. DCA-WI does not require system-wide information. Channel reassignment for new and completed calls are used to further reduce the call blocking probability. Simulation results show that DCA-WI provides a lower call blocking probability compared to other existing schemes in both uniform and nonuniform traffic distributions.     

Dynamic Flow Model for Borrowing Channel Assignment Scheme in Cellular Mobile System

A mathematical model that predicts the dynamic flows in cellular mobile networks that allocate channels using the Borrowing Channel Assignment (BCA) scheme is described in this paper. Two types of handoff procedures – the prioritized and non-prioritized schemes – will be considered in the model. Discrete event simulations were performed and the results were found to be comparable to the results obtained using the mathematical model. Application to comparative study of the dynamic behaviours of the BCA and the Fixed Channel Assignment (FCA) schemes is also presented.     

无线ATM局域网中一种面向QoS的动态信道分配方案

提出了在无线ATM(异步传送模式)局域网中面向QoS(服务质量)的一种集中式DCA(动态信道分配)方案。此方案主要是在无线ATM局域网中,考虑了基站的相互干扰限制、目前信道资源利用以及有效连接的QoS保证等因素。仿真结果表明这种方案的系统性能获得了提高。     

A Path-Centric Channel Assignment Framework for Cognitive Radio Wireless Networks

Today’s static spectrum allocation policy results in a situation where the available spectrum is being exhausted while many licensed spectrum bands are under-utilized. To resolve the spectrum exhaustion problem, the cognitive radio wireless network, termed CogNet in this paper, has recently been proposed to enable unlicensed users to dynamically access the licensed spectrum bands that are unused in either temporal or spatial domain, through spectrum-agile cognitive radios. The CogNet plays the role of secondary user in this shared spectrum access framework, and the spectrum bands accessible by CogNets are inherently heterogeneous and dynamic. To establish the communication infrastructure for a CogNet, the cognitive radio of each CogNet node detects the accessible spectrum bands and chooses one as its operating frequency, a process termed channel assignment. In this paper we propose a graph-based path-centric channel assignment framework to model multi-hop ad hoc CogNets and perform channel assignment from a network perspective. Simulation results show that the path-centric channel assignment framework outperforms traditional link-centric approach.

Novel Channel and Polarization Assignment Schemes for 2–11 GHz Fixed–Broadband Wireless Access Networks

The scarcity of available spectrum in the 2–11 GHz frequency range and the continuously increasing number of users that require broadband communication services suggest that emerging fixed-broadband wireless access (F-BWA) networks will be deployed with aggressive frequency re-use to cope with capacity demands. In this context, co-channel interference may arise in high levels compromising the system's capacity and robust operation. Interference is further increased when limited directionality terminal antennas are employed to support non line-of-sight operation and in the case where an adaptive-time division duplex is selected for efficient radio resource management in asymmetric and time-varying traffic conditions. In this paper frequency channel assignment (CA) and antenna polarization assignment (PA) are considered as a means of mitigating interference. Two novel CA schemes that consider the distinct characteristics of F-BWA are proposed; the rotated-interleaved channel assignment and the non-uniform channel assignment. According to statistical interference simulation analysis the proposed schemes are more efficient in suppressing interference, achieving higher capacity compared to existing schemes while incurring no further complexity. In addition, instead of exploiting the performance of CA and PA schemes independently a framework for a joint CA-PA consideration is presented, where for a particular CA scheme an optimized PA pattern is developed. Results show that this approach improves the CA-PA interoperability increasing the overall performance. The efficiency of the proposed schemes is investigated for both FDD and adaptive-TDD schemes and is verified for various sectorization, frequency re-use and terminal antenna directivity configurations to ensure compatibility with different deployment scenarios. Bayan Sharif received the bachelor and doctorate degrees from Queens University of Belfast and Ulster University, N. Ireland, in 1984 and 1988. In 1989 he held a research fellowship post at Queens University of Belfast, where he worked on parallel programming algorithms for two-dimensional signal-processing applications. He joined Newcastle University in 1990 as Lecturer, and was promoted to Senior Lecturer and Professor in Digital Communications in 1999 and 2000. During this period he held visiting academic positions with Colorado State University and the UAE Telecommunication Corporation (Etisalat). He is currently Head of the Communications and Signal Processing Research Group at the School of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering and his research interests are in digital communications with a focus on the optimization of wireless networks and DSP algorithms for receiver structures. Prof. Sharif has published over 170 journal and conference papers, and held UK and EU research grants in digital communications and signal processing worth over 2M. He is a Chartered Engineer and Fellow of the IEE. Panos I. Dallas (pdal@intracom.gr) was born 1967 in Thessaloniki, Greece. He obtained his diploma and Ph.D. degree from the Electrical and Computer Engineering Department of Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece, in 1990 and 1997, respectively. Since 1998 he joined with INTRACOM where he currently is Section Manager of Advanced Communications Technologies branch of Emerging Technologies & Markets department, leading the next generation of broadband wireless access systems for internal and EU projects. He runs the relevant standardization activities (IEEE 802.16 and ETSI/BRAN HIPERMAN) in INTRACOM and he represents the company in WiMAX forum. Finally, he has over 30 publications in international journals and conferences. Konstantinos E. Ntagkounak is received the B.Sc. in Electrical Engineering from Technology Institute of Chalkis, Greece, in 1998 and the M.Sc. in Communications & Signal Processing from University of Newcastle, UK, in 2001, where he is currently studying for a Ph.D. in Electrical Engineering. Since 2001, he is with INTRACOM S.A. as a research engineer involved with several European Union IST research projects in the area of Advanced Communication Technologies. His research interests include medium access protocols, radio resource management and network architectures for next generation broadband wireless access systems.     

两跳蜂窝移动系统中继信道分配策略

在频率复用因子为1的两跳固定中继节点的蜂窝移动通信系统中,基于现实移动业务分布的时变性和非均匀性,提出了新的中继信道分配策略。与传统的中继信道分配策略相比,该策略不需要BS之间的协作,也能严格控制相邻小区之间同频RS的干扰距离,降低同信道干扰,在较低的系统复杂度下,实现了无线资源的有效利用。     

EPON MAC控制层实现动态带宽分配策略的研究

针对EPON系统上行链路多个ONU共享带宽的拓扑结构,本文分析了制定带宽分配策略所需考虑的基本因素,在此基础上提出了一种新的动态带宽分配方案,通过动态请求分配机制,实现上链路的高效利用,最后,通过建模仿真,分析了该方案的时延及丢包率特性。     

Performance of a Shared Packet Wireless Network with Interactive Data Users

This paper studies the user-perceived performance of a shared packet wireless network for interactive data applications such as Web-browsing. We have defined a new measure: the Equivalent Circuit Rate (ECR) for a user in a shared access network is the dedicated access circuit rate that would be required by the user in order to have an equivalent user experience. The ECR measure is intuitive, useful and robust. We present a simple analytical model based on a closed queueing network with a finite population of interactive data users whose traffic can be modeled as ON/OFF traffic with feedback. The analytical results are consistent with our detailed simulations, where we study TCP-based Web traffic simulations for an EDGE (Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution) TDMA system using realistic workload models. Our study incorporates constant bit-rate channels, variable bit-rate channels, as well as mixed user groups with different channel conditions. We show that a shared wireless network is well characterized by simple parameters that depend only on mean statistics, for a broad range of scenarios. ECR is well approximated by R×(1–U), where U is the utilization and R is the effective shared channel rate; this result holds even if different user groups have different rates or the channel rates are variable. These results will be useful in network dimensioning, admission control, and for defining quality of service targets for different user groups.     

一种利用少快拍数据的卫星导航高动态干扰抑制算法

在高动态环境中,由于干扰来向在短时间内的剧烈变化,利用接收数据协方差矩阵的常规卫星导航干扰抑制算法失效。为了解决快拍数据不足的问题,该文提出一种仅利用少快拍数据的卫星导航高动态干扰抑制算法。首先,通过利用干扰信号空间谱的稀疏特性,仅用少数快拍甚至一个快拍来估计干扰来向;然后,利用估计的干扰来向构造干扰子空间,并通过正交子空间投影算法抑制干扰。仿真实验验证了该算法的有效性。     

无线Mesh网络MAC协议的研究与分析

针对无线Mesh网络的网络特性,提出了无线Mesh网络MAC协议设计的一般原则,分析了MAC面临的问题,对无线Mesh网络中典型的MAC协议DCF、EDCA和DCA的实现过程进行了分析和比较,同时对MAC协议的研究方向进行了探讨。     

智能天线系统中基于载干比的动态信道分配

智能天线系统实现了同道在同小区的重用,其空域波束分配可以有效抑制同道干扰;信道分配可以充分结合其他信道资源。在Matlab系统级仿真中,充分利用定时器的特性,真实地建立移动台和基站之间在线服务的多线程通信仿真模型,对载频、时隙和码字中任一种或多种结合在空域位置形成的信道,提出基于载干比测量的动态信道分配策略,并对其进行了仿真研究和性能分析。仿真结果与理论分析吻合,同时得到一些有意义的参数。     

Dynamic Base Station Selection for Personal Communication Systems with Distributed Control Schemes

Distributed control schemes allow base stations in personal communication systems to be placed at locations corresponding to high expected traffic. This flexible base station placement creates significant overlapping coverage areas that can be utilized to improve system performance [1]. A new technique for dynamic base station selection in systems with overlapping cells is considered and its effect on traffic performance is characterized. The technique realizes robust performance for personal communication systems in fluctuating and heavily tapered traffic. A mathematical analysis based on a state transition model is used to evaluate performance of a system that employs the proposed technique. The results indicate that improved blocking probability and carried traffic performance are obtainable. Computer simulations were undertaken confirm the analytical results.     

Predictive Dynamic Channel Allocation Scheme for Improving Power Saving and Mobility in BWA Networks

The radio spectrum of IEEE 802.16 medium access control (MAC) protocol ranges from 2–66 GHz, which is one of potential solutions for broadband wireless access (BWA) or beyond third generation (B3G)/4G networks. The maximum transmission range can reach about 48 km. However, with the property of radio propagation, the maximum transmission distance is proportioned inversely to the frequency the mobile subscriber station (MSS) carries. According to this property, the channel allocation can be based on how far the distance between the MSS and the base station (BS) in a macrocell. Therefore, this paper first proposes a new concept of channel allocation model for BWA system and investigates the relations between the signal propagation and the distance as well as propose a signal-aware dynamic channel allocation (SDCA) scheme for dynamic channel allocation (DCA) in BWA networks (BWANs). The SDCA enables the BS to allocate appropriate channels to MSSs according to the received signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) value from the MSSs. Besides, according to the frequency, the SDCA can estimate a minimum power for MSS to communicate. The SDCA not only increases the capacity of the system but saves the overall power consumption of the system well. We also present a new out-of-service prevention scheme for supporting mobility in the system. Simulation results show that the proposed SDCA can achieve the channel utilization (throughput) by up to 94.4% when the spectrum ranges from 2–11 GHz.

Power Control for Packet Voice Service with Application to EDGE Wireless System

Using the enhanced data rates for GSM evolution (EDGE) system with cyclic frequency hopping as an example, we apply a Kalman-filter power control method based on interference tracking to packet voice service in wireless networks. Our results show that the power-control method significantly improves the spectral efficiency by enabling the 1/3 frequency reuse while maintaining a stringent requirement of 2% packet loss probability for voice service. Specifically, for allocated spectrum of 1.8, 3.6 and 5.4 MHz, the 1/3 reuse with the Kalman power control can yield 102.5%, 49.5% and 32.5% improvement in spectral efficiency, respectively, over the 3/9 reuse (regardless of whether or not power control is used). We also compare the performance of the Kalman method with a traditional Signal-to-interference-ratio method and a control method that is based on the last interference measurement. We find that appropriate selection of power for the first packet of each talk spurt and the filtering function for noisy measurements are crucial in providing high system capacity for packet voice service. For the EDGE system, we also identify a need for shortening the power update period, which is 480 ms in the specifications.     

综合接入系统全带宽动态分配策略研究与实现

基于自治系统内部标签分组（ILP）传输协议,本文提出了一种可行的宽带综合接入系统全带态分配策略,包括I／O调度策略,分组丢弃策略,端口流量抑制策略及相应的控制函数等,并给出了该策略在内部标签分组调度模块（ILPS）通过硬件自适应或网管系统软件（NMS)动态惨数配置方式的实现方法。     

多用户OFDM系统中改进的动态子载波与功率分配算法

提出了一种对于多用户OFDM（Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple）系统改进的动态子载波和功率分配算法.算法采用分步的思想对系统资源进行动态分配,在已知系统总功率和用户最小速率请求的条件下,使系统总的比特速率最大,资源得到了有效利用.此算法简单易于理解,复杂度较低,仿真结果表明,其性能接近于联合的分配算法.     

Quality of Service and Mobility for the Wireless Internet

Our paper explores the issue of how to provide appropriate quality of service mechanisms closely integrated with flexible mobility management in wireless local area networks. We consider them as access networks of choice for the high performance Wireless Mobile Internet. We present a hierarchical QoS architecture that extends Differentiated Services (DiffServ) to mobile hosts in a wireless environment. Our approach is based on controlling several parameters of a wireless LAN cell: the limited geographical span to ensure the same high bit rate for all hosts, the constrained rate of traffic sources to limit the use of the channel in function of the required QoS and the limited number of active hosts to keep the load sufficiently low. The QoS management is coupled with mobility management at the IP level. We use a micro-mobility scheme implemented in the IPv6 layer with fast hand-offs between adjacent cells. Micro-mobility avoids address translation, traffic tunneling, and enables fast hand-offs. We give some details of experiments to show the quality of service differentiation over the 802.11b network.     

An Unbiased Signal‐to‐Interference Ratio Estimator for the High Speed Downlink Packet Access System

We propose an unbiased signal‐to‐interference ratio (SIR) estimator for the high speed downlink packet access (HSDPA) system. The proposed SIR estimator solves the problem of underestimation present in conventional SIR estimators and is suitable for channel quality measurement in the adaptive modulation and coding scheme of HSDPA, which requires accurate SIR estimation for optimum adaptive modulation and coding selection. Our analysis and simulation results demonstrate the improved estimation performance of the proposed SIR estimator.     

Wireless Packet Scheduling Algorithm for OFDMA System Based on Time‐Utility and Channel State

In this paper, we propose an urgency‐ and efficiencybased wireless packet scheduling (UEPS) algorithm that is able to schedule real‐time (RT) and non‐real‐time (NRT) traffics at the same time while supporting multiple users simultaneously at any given scheduling time instant. The UEPS algorithm is designed to support wireless downlink packet scheduling in an orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) system, which is a strong candidate as a wireless access method for the next generation of wireless communications. The UEPS algorithm uses the time‐utility function as a scheduling urgency factor and the relative status of the current channel to the average channel status as an efficiency indicator of radio resource usage. The design goal of the UEPS algorithm is to maximize throughput of NRT traffics while satisfying quality‐of‐service (QoS) requirements of RT traffics. The simulation study shows that the UEPS algorithm is able to give better throughput performance than existing wireless packet scheduling algorithms such as proportional fair (PF) and modifiedlargest weighted delay first (M‐LWDF), while satisfying the QoS requirements of RT traffics such as average delay and packet loss rate under various traffic loads.     

Traffic Modeling and Analysis of Cellular Networks with Dynamic Channel Allocation

1introductionWithregardtomobilecommunicationsystems,theincreasingdemandformobilecommunicationserviceandthefinitespectrumallocatedtothisserviceleadtotheproposalofthecellularstructure.Thefrequencyreuseconceptisthecoreofthecellularmobilecommunicationsystems.Mostcellularnetworkstodayusefixedchannelallocation(FCA),inwhichasmallnumberofchannelsareallocatedpermanentlytoeverycell.Tosupporthighsubscriberdensities,differentdynamicchannelallocation(DCA)schemes11avebeenstudiedtoincreasethechannelutiliza…