纤维素纤维用C.I.活性红195的染色性能研究

本文研究了C.I.ReactiveRed195(活性红M-3BE)在6种纤维素纤维棉麻粘胶竹纤Lyocell以及Modal纤维上的染色性能及其之间的差异,探讨了工艺因素变化(碱剂中性盐温度)对活性染料染色性能的影响,并总结出一个较优的纤维素纤维用活性染料染色的工艺。     

硅氮系阻燃再生纤维素纤维染色工艺的研究

采用正交试验设计确定了活性红3BE、活性黄3RE、活性黑B三支染料对硅氮系阻燃再生纤维素染色的最佳工艺,比较了硅氮系阻燃再生纤维素纤维和普通再生纤维素纤维的染色性能,分析了活性染料染色对硅氮系阻燃再生纤维素纤维阻燃性能的影响。结果表明,硅氮系阻燃再生纤维素纤维的染色性能与普通再生纤维素纤维接近,色泽鲜艳且水洗色牢度优良;活性染料染色对硅氮系阻燃再生纤维素纤维的阻燃性能影响很小。     

C．I．活性红195的合成方法

C．I．活性红195主要用于纤维素纤维的染色与印花，它是一个重要的活性染料品种，在《染料索引》上登录有境外33个厂家生产40个不同商品品名，我国也有约20家工厂生产该品种，品名为活性红M-3BE、活性红M-3BF、活性红SP-3B、活性艳红ME-3BS等。     

活性染料染色进展(一)

该文系统地介绍了活性染料染色的进展,从活性染料染色的一些基本性能出发,分析了活性染料的低盐染色、受控染色、中性固色、深色品种染色、坚牢品种染色以及新纤维、非纤维素纤维和多组分纤维纺织品染色的理论、工艺、问题和发展方向.     

活性染料染色进展(二)

该文系统地介绍了活性染料染色的进展,从活性染料染色的一些基本性能出发,分析了活性染料的低盐染色、受控染色、中性固色、深色品种染色、坚牢品种染色以及新纤维、非纤维素纤维和多组分纤维纺织品染色的理论、工艺、问题和发展方向.     

国外消息

科莱恩公司新活性染料科莱恩公司新推出一系列Drimarene牌号活性染料: Drimarene红HF—G,双活性基活性染料,用于纤维素纤维竭染工艺。主要用作三原色染料,Drimarene红HF—G不含AOX和金属。该染料具有很好的固色率,耐水洗牢度,过程可靠性和重现性。 Drimarene棕HF-2RL,第一只不含金属的棕色染料,适用于纤维素纤维的竭染和连续染色。该染料为红棕色,具有很高的耐光牢度,可用作耐光三原色染料。主要性能是不含AOX和金属、较高的耐湿牢度,优异的干和湿耐光牢度。     

纤维素纤维用活性染料技术进展

纤维素纤维用活性染料是当今最重要的活性染料。本文从提高固着率的技术、提高染着率的技术、提高色牢度的技术、提高匀染性和重现性的技术、开发低盐染色用染料和提高黑色活性染料的乌黑度技术等六个方面阐述了纤维素纤维用活性染料的技术进展。文中也阐述了纤维素纤维的活性染色技术的进展。它们为更快地发展纤维素纤维用活性染料指明了方向。     

纤维素纤维用活性染料技术进展(续)

纤维素纤维用活性染料是当今最重要的活性染料。本文从提高固着率的技术、提高染着率的技术、提高色牢度的技术、提高匀染性和重现性的技术、开发低盐染色用染料和提高黑色活性染料的乌黑度技术等六个方面阐述了纤维素纤维用活性染料的技术进展。文中也阐述了纤维素纤维的活性染色技术的进展。它们为更快地发展纤维素纤维用活性染料指明了方向。     

活性染料对莲纤维的染色性能研究

为了了解活性染料对莲纤维的染色性能,采用单因素分析法,在改变温度、浴比、时间、元明粉浓度、纯碱浓度等工艺条件下,分别采用两种不同类型的活性染料对莲纤维进行染色,并测试其上染率、固色率、耐皂洗色牢度和耐汗渍色牢度。结果表明:活性大红X-3B上染莲纤维的最佳染色工艺为染色温度40℃,染液浴比1∶40,染色时间60 min,元明粉质量浓度20 g/L,纯碱质量浓度30 g/L;活性嫩黄X-7G上染莲纤维的最佳染色工艺为染色温度40℃,染液浴比1∶50,染色时间60 min,元明粉质量浓度10 g/L,纯碱质量浓度20 g/L;活性染料耐皂洗色牢度和耐汗渍色牢度都在3级以上。     

新型阳离子活性染料的合成及染色性能研究

合成了一类同时含有聚醚胺和季铵盐水溶性基团及一氯均三嗪型活性基的阳离子活性染料,并将其用于棉织物的无盐染色工艺。实验结果表明,含聚醚胺链段阳离子活性染料对纤维素纤维具有很高的直接性。在无盐染色工艺中,此类阳离子活性染料竭染率高,当染料用量为4%(o.w.f.,下同)时,染料的竭染率可达到90%以上,固色率达70%以上;染料的匀染性和色牢度性能良好。染料对棉织物的无盐染色工艺为:pH值6,室温入染后,升温至85℃保温60 min,浴比1∶30,固色剂为Na2CO3(6%,按染液重量计)。     

The effect of superimposed a.c. on d.c. on the electrodeposition of Cu-Zn alloys

The effect of superimposing a sinusoidal alternating current on a direct current on the electrodeposition of Cu, Zn, and Cu-Zn alloys from alkaline tartrate baths is investigated. The data reveal that superimposing a.c. on d.c. decreases the cathodic polarization in all cases. Such results could be attributed to the asymmetric polarizability of the electrode as well as to the concentration changes at the electrode surface. The cathodic efficiency of the parent metals increases with a.c. The zinc content of the alloys decreases with a.c. The effect of a.c. is diminished with increasing either the density of d.c. or the frequency of a.c. in the system.     

烘干机电收尘器技术改造

2000年8月我公司对Φ2.4m×18m矿渣烘干机所用10m2CDWH型电收尘器进行了技术改造。由于精心设计和施工,改造于同年10月圆满完成,收尘效率提高,排尘浓度远优于国家标准,节省费用约50％。采用的几项新技术有的现已用在立窑电收尘器的设计中,并准备在窑尾电收尘器中推广应用。     

汽油加氢装置催化剂国产化的探讨

本文对汽油加氢装置国产催化剂的性能和应用进行分析,并提出了一些降低生产成本的方法。     

关于汽油加氢装置催化剂国产化的探讨

本文对汽油加氢装置国产催化剂的性能和应用进行分析，并提出了一些降低生产成本的方法。     

N.m.r. studies on the effect of water on the glass transition of polystyrene

These investigations are concerned with water-polymer interactions in polymer latices. It is known that water can act as a plasticizer for many solid polymers and cause a reduction in the glass transition temperature, T_g, of the amorphous regions. Experiments were carried out to determine whether pulsed n.m.r. techniques could be used to study the T_g of a polymer suspension and hence the influence of water and electrolyte on it. From T₁ and T₂ proton relaxation measurements as a function of temperature on polystyrene latex systems it was shown that the presence of water lowers the T_g of the polymer particles (by about 10°C), the effect being slightly greater in the presence of concentrated electrolyte. The extent of electrolyte penetration into the particles was deduced by studying relaxation as a function of particle diameter in latices containing paramagnetic Mn²⁺ ions. Using simple theories of relaxation and spin diffusion it was concluded that for all but the smallest particles electrolyte penetration is restricted to a very thin shell of the order of 1 nm. These conclusions were supported by the results of similar measurements on PTFE particles.     

Studies on dry spinning. I. Fundamental equations

One difficulty in analyzing the state of filament in the dry spinning process is that in the boundary conditions required to solve the equations of mass, momentum and energy which are derived on the consideration of balance with respect to infinitesimally small element are not given a priori. The equations which include these boundary conditions in themselves are derived by considering mass, momentum, and energy balances with respect to the entire cross section of filament. These additional macroscopic equations are simplified to a great extent by assuming the flat velocity profile through the cross section of filament. Besides, in the steady state, these macroscopic equations are modified to give the equations of average solvent content, spinning tension, cross-sectional area, and average temperature. When the spinning conditions are given and the physical constants are measured for a given polymer and solvent system, it becomes possible to calculate the state of filament by solving these microscopic and macroscopic equations simultaneously without resorting to actual spinning.