鱼粉蒸干机内筒磨损失效分析及规律研究

由于磨损失效,鱼粉蒸干机内筒安全事故频发。本文通过对内筒磨损失效事故的分析,研究了内筒磨损的规律性,总结提出了有效预防磨损失效的几种方法,以减少设备事故发生,提高安全与经济效益。     

十字滑块联轴器结构的改进

对十字滑块联轴器使用中磨损失效的问题进行了分析，结合企业的实际情况，总结出对十字滑块联轴器结构进行改进的一般规律，为制造厂及使用单位提供指导。     

表面冶金涂层的磨损失效形式与对策

综述了表面冶金涂层在不同工作条件下磨损失效的机制、现象和形貌特性,分析了涂层磨损失效的原因,介绍了改善涂层耐磨性的措施和对策,给出了提高涂层耐磨性、延长其使用寿命的典型实例.对改善涂层耐磨性的新技术和新方法进行了展望.     

碳钢和不锈钢法兰连接的腐蚀问题及解决方案

概述了石油化工领域普遍存在的金属材料腐蚀问题;结合近年来参与的海内外石油化工项目,对金属材料腐蚀问题的不同预防措施展开分析讨论;着重探讨了关于碳钢法兰和不锈钢法兰连接的腐蚀问题及解决方案。     

转速对铝硅酸盐玻璃陶瓷摩擦磨损特性的影响

在MRH-5A型环块磨损试验机上考察了不同转速(100r/min,250r/min,400r/min和550r/min)下铝硅酸盐玻璃陶瓷与45号钢对摩时的摩擦磨损特性,运用扫描电子显微镜和定点探针观察与分析了磨损表面形貌和成分,并对材料的磨损机理进行了探讨.研究结果表明:在低速区,玻璃陶瓷的磨损失效主要为轻微的塑性变形和犁沟;在中速区,玻璃陶瓷的磨损失效主要为表层微观犁削和晶粒脱落;而在高速区,玻璃陶瓷的磨损失效主要为大片剥落和表层元素的转移.     

耐磨胶粘涂层及其磨损机理分析

对耐磨胶粘涂层的组成、影响涂层性能的因素进行了研究，并通过扫描电镜对涂层的结构形貌、涂层磨损失效机理进行了分析，认为涂层磨损失效，主要是由于强度（或刚性）不足而造成的变形磨损，以及韧性不足造成的脆性破坏，并提出了提高涂层性能的途径和见解。     

金属材料抗拉强度测量不确定度评定研究

误差是金属材料抗拉强度测量存在的常规问题,其根本原因是由于金属材料具有不确定属性.因此,采用不确定度评定方式可以减少误差的存在,使得测量近似值与真实值无限接近.本文在探讨不确定度概念的基础上,对金属材料的抗拉强度测量方法进行探讨,根据测量数值开展不确定度评定试验,结合实验过程、实验方法、实验结果,对金属材料的强度以及各...     

注水泵在油气田釆出水处理中的应用

文章介绍了英买油气处理厂采出水水平注水泵泵轴原装滑动轴承经常磨损失效导致泵体振动加剧,叶轮导壳磨损失效报废,排量排压降低,从而导致关井停产等事件。改造后效果良好,满足使用要求,展示了注水泵在油气田釆出水处理中的应用和效果,说明技术革新在工业现场的有益尝试促进了装置效率的提高,回注了处理后的污水,使人与自然和谐相处。     

金属材料热处理工艺与技术分析

本文主要简单介绍了金属材料的分类,阐述了金属材料的主要性能,通过对金属材料性能与热处理之间的关系进行分析,来探讨金属材料热处理工艺技术的应用,进一步展望金属材料热处理工艺与技术的发展,以充分应用金属材料热处理工艺,发挥其作用,改变金属材料的性能,使其更符合金属制品的质量要求,提高金属材料热处理工艺水平。     

硬度测定在壁厚强度校核中的应用

硬度测定是评价金属材料硬度的主要手段,利用硬度测定来判断金属材料强度等级或鉴别材质;同时结合其他检测手段(如金相检验等)来确定材料强度,进行强度校核计算,避免压力容器安全状况等级的误判,提高了设备资源利用率,节约了成本,保证了设备运行安全。     

陶瓷涂层热喷涂制备工艺

热喷涂陶瓷涂层将陶瓷材料耐高温、耐磨、耐腐蚀及隔热、绝缘等性能与金属材料的特点有机地结合起来。本文介绍了陶瓷涂层的热喷涂方法及工艺。     

Coking causes of boiling-bed isobutane dehydrogenation reactor

The formation of disperse metal particles and existing dead spaces in reactors were found to cause intense coking in boiling-bed dehydrogenation reactors. These disperse metal particles result from abrasive wear of the reactor construction parts with corundum particles existing in the IM-2201 catalyst due to jet flows accounted for by the geometry of the reactor interior devices. On these disperse metal particles, hydrocarbons are catalytically decomposed into hydrogen and carbon nanofibers of two types: fibers with a pile arrangement of graphene layers and bamboo-like tubes. The amount of formed carbon exceeds by two orders of magnitude the amount of metal resulting from abrasive wear. It was recommended to redesign the reactor in order to minimize abrasive wear of its parts, to line the reactor parts with ceramic materials, and to use a corundum-free catalyst. The results of this work can be used to prevent coking in boiling-bed reactors for the synthesis of isobutylene, isoamylenes, and n-butylene at Sibur Open Joint-Stock Company, Nizhnekamskneftekhim Open Joint-Stock Company, etc.     

Sialon及SiC陶瓷对金属摩擦副磨损性能的研究

为了使结构陶瓷能够在汽车发动机的某些摩擦副中得到应用,对Sialon(Si_3N_4基陶瓷)及SiC结构陶瓷对钢的摩擦副的摩擦磨损性能进行了研究。还作了钢对钢及冷激铸铁对钢的摩擦磨损性能的对比试验。结果表明:Sialon及SiC陶瓷对钢的摩擦系数比钢对钢及冷激铸铁对钢的摩擦系数小。在抗磨损性能方面,Sialon及SiC陶瓷试块即使在试验载荷比钢及冷激铸铁试块大的情况下,不但陶瓷试块的磨损量比金属试块的磨损量要小得多,而且与陶瓷试块相匹配的钢环的磨损量也比与金属试块相匹配的钢环的磨损量要小。用上述结构陶瓷材料制成汽车发动机中的某些零件以代替金属零件,不仅陶瓷零件本身耐磨性好,而且与陶瓷零件匹配的金属零件的磨损也会减小。     

Using polymer compounds in place of metal material to make cost‐effective parts

The use of plastic materials in place of metals is attractive because of their versatility and ease of batch fabrication, which reduces costs. This article investigates the possibility of using nylon compounds in place of metal materials to make cost‐effective parts through microinjection molding. Experimental results showed that the plastic parts were well formed with high accuracy and reproducibility through microinjection molding. The average tolerance in the dimensions of the plastic parts was less than 20 μm. The resulting composites with 15 wt % carbon particles exhibited the optimum improvement in accuracy, reproducibility, and wear resistance. In addition, the wear loss of the metal parts without lubrication was 4–10 times higher than that of the polymer compounds. The results revealed that the ball‐screw plates made with nylon compounds exhibited high accuracy, reproducibility, and wear resistance, could be produced at low cost, and they could successfully replace S316 metal parts in microinjection molding. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 1645–1652, 2006     

Study on microstructure and abrasive wear behavior of sintered Al matrix composites

Abrasive wear behavior of ZrSiO₄ reinforced aluminum metal matrix composite has been investigated in the present research. In general, composites offer superior wear resistance as compared to the alloy irrespective of applied load and zircon particles volume fraction. During sliding wear of the composite, a layer is formed over the specimen surface, which strongly dictates the wear behavior of the materials. It is believed that these layers are formed due to formation of wear debris, transfer of materials from the counter surfaces and mixing of these materials on the contact surfaces. The wear sliding test disclosed that the weight loss of the composites decreases with increasing volume fraction of zircon particulates. The composite samples were examined by X-ray diffraction technique and scanning electron microscopy which confirm the uniform distribution of zircon particles through the matrix. The hardness of the composite was affected significantly by the amount of porosity and reinforcement phase as two dominant factors.     

An Electronic Technology for Refractories Based on the Periodic Law

Prospects for development of electronic technologies in the production of refractories are discussed. Principles of the electron technology of refractories are given and techniques for control of electron supply in the electrochemical, thermochemical, and electrothermochemical treatment of refractory materials are described. The potential use of electromagnetic fields to increase the slag resistance of refractory linings is considered. Electronic wear as an initial stage in the wear of refractory materials is considered. Decreasing the diffusion of electrons from metal and slag to refractory may inhibit the electronic wear of refractory lining. Interested readers are invited to take part in a discussion of the material of this paper. __________ Translated from Novye Ogneupory, No. 10, pp. 75 – 83, October, 2005.     

Preparation and tribological behavior of polytetrafluoroethylene/metal mesh composites with sandwich structure

Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) owns an excellent self-lubricating performance, but its wear rate is very high due to the large-scale spalling of the matrix in the friction. In this paper, A new kind of PTFE composites with sandwich structure was prepared by layer-press technology, whose middle layer is filled with metal mesh. The influence of the mesh structure and mesh density of middle metal layer on tribological properties of composites were researched in detail. The results revealled that the metal mesh located in the composites can efficiently prevent the large-scale spalling of PTFE, which induces the sample of PTFE/500# plain woven dutch metal mesh (PTFE-500#PWD) to have a lower wear rate (9 × 10⁻⁵ mm³/Nm) and COF (0.106) under the fixed experimental condition. The prepared PTFE/metal mesh composites reveal excellent anti-friction and anti-wear performance, which can be used to fabricate a new kind of self-lubricating materials.     

金属基复合材料的摩擦学性能及结合强度试验研究

以聚酰胺66（PA66）、聚苯硫醚(PPS) 及65Mn钢板为主要原料,制备了一系列不同配比的金属基复合材料,并对这些材料进行不同条件下的摩擦学性能试验,最后通过结合强度试验来分析材料间的结合强度。结果表明,复合材料的摩擦因数及磨损速率随着聚酰胺66的增加而降低;同种材料的摩擦系数及磨损速率随着载荷和对摩速度的增加而先增大后减小;结合强度试验表明金属基复合材料的结合强度随着聚苯硫醚的增加而逐渐增大。     

600MW超临界CFB锅炉耐火材料应用探索

根据四川白马电厂600 MW超临界循环流化床锅炉运行情况,结合循环流化床锅炉循环系统中炉膛、回料器、外置床、灰控阀等重要设备工况特点,分析了各部位耐火材料作用行为和特性要求。运行6年的实践证明:大型循环流化床CFB锅炉设备合理选择耐火材料,可有效解决金属受热面磨损造成爆管,克服金属材料高温变形、耐磨性能差、不耐高温等问题,保证了机组安全稳定运行。大型循环流化床CFB锅炉对耐火材料的性能提出了更高要求,有待进一步分析和研究耐火材料在超临界CFB锅炉中的应用,提高机组耐磨性能和运行稳定性。     

CF/SiC增强摩阻材料性能研究

采用模压法制备了碳纤维(CF)/碳化硅(SiC)增强摩阻材料,通过摩擦试验研究了CF和SiC质量分数及CF长度对材料摩擦磨损特性的影响。结果表明:随着SiC质量分数的增加,摩擦系数和磨损率都有明显提高,这是由于硬质颗粒的犁沟作用;当CF质量分数<10%时,CF质量分数和长度对摩擦磨损性能影响明显,这归因于CF本身具有良好的自润滑性能以及抗犁削作用。