A propos des experiences de Geneve sur l'apprentissage: Note sur la replique de Pascual-Leone.

Reviews the book, Les mouvements de liberation mythique et autres essais sur l'histoire de la psychiatrie by Henri F. Ellenberger (1978). A recent analysis of the programs of baccalaureate in psychology of the universities of Quebec (Brings, et al., 1978) reveals the disparity existing in the importance accordance has the teaching of the history of this discipline. These books discuss training in the university. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Compte rendu d'Les femmes et l'alcool en Amérique du nord et au Québec.

Reviews the book, Les femmes et l'alcool en Amérique du nord et au Québec by Nadeau Louise, Céline Mercier, and Lise Bourgeois (1984). This monograph consists of eight chapters which cover the subject of alcoholism among women and is the result of a subsidy of research by the ministry for the Social Affairs of Quebec. This study is one of a kind in that it primarily discusses women and their dependence towards alcohol. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Revue de Psychotherapies attention!

Psychotherapies attention! is a file of Quebec Science, by a group of mental health professionals--five psychologists, a social worker and a psychiatrist. The seven authors of this volume wonder about certain fundamental questions to which is confronts all psychotherapy: why? which? how? The book is divided into ten chapters. One chapter demonstrates how psychology is often used as instrument of domination; subjectivism in psychology is also addressed. The various schools of psychotherapy are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Review of Conflict and language planning in Quebec.

Reviews the book, Conflict and language planning in Quebec by Richard Y. Bourhis. This monograph, edited by Bourhis, makes a distinct contribution to scholarship in the area of Language Policy/Language Planning (LP) in general, and more specifically, to research in that area within Canada. Work in this area is almost always collaboratively undertaken and involves individuals from diverse disciplinary backgrounds. These trends are evident in the present monograph. The major contributions of this monograph are threefold: first, it leads to a better understanding of the language situation in Quebec; secondly, it describes clearly three of the four major components of LP activities--planning, policy formulation and implementation; and thirdly, authors present an interesting array of methodological techniques not typically used by many LP researchers, by which one can further investigate empirically reactions or responses to language policy change in various settings. The attractiveness of the monograph derives from the interesting and clear account of a major planned social change within the province of Quebec which has had provincial and national implications for concerned Canadian residents, but which more importantly has had immediate implications--at both theoretical and applied levels--for language policy scholars throughout the world. This monograph comprises a welcome addition to the rapidly growing literature which examines the role of language in national development. It provides careful documentation of a fascinating case study of one set of events that have been carefully chronicled by well-trained scholars from diverse disciplinary perspectives. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Review of Le traitement des adolescents délinquants.

Reviews the book, Le traitement des adolescents délinquants edited by R. E. Tremblay, Anne-Marie Favard, and Raymond Jost (1985). This work of almost 400 pages in thirteen chapters gathers in two great parts, the texts having been the subject of presentations during conferences organized by the Foundation Boscoville (Montreal) since 1980. The first part provides one view of delinquency and intervention in six different cultures: England and Wales, the United States, France, Netherlands, Quebec, and the German Federal Republic. The second part is "clinical and prospective reflections with a future". What could appear as a source of harmful contradictions seems to me an educational asset. The reader can build his own representation, to locate its values and opinions. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Review of La baisse du désir sexuel: méthodes d'évaluation et de traitement.

The decrease in sexual desire is considered to be one of the most common sexual dysfunctions, but it is also one of the most difficult to treat. Dr. Trudel's book proposes a cognitive-behavioral treatment as well as a multimodal approach for this problem. Using scientific research as his evidence this book is an essential resource for psychologists and clinicians especially for those which work with French-speaking clients. This book explains both evaluation methods as well as treatment for the loss of sexual desire and considers the multitude of factors that can effect the development, maintenance and exacerbation of these problems paying special attention to cognitive and behavioral factors and the interaction of the two. The goal of the book is to give a detailed presentation of the evaluation and treatment of loss of sexual desire. Trudel presents a study on the treatment in his "laboratory on sexuality and the couple" in the department of psychology at the University of Quebec in Montreal. In the first section of the book, factors that are associated with loss of sexual desire are discussed and Trudel examines the role and interaction of individual and environmental factors. The next section of the book describes the evaluation of the loss of sexual desire. This section includes interviews and psychometric methods which are both practical and useful. The third section of the book reviews studies and the results of treatment for loss of sexual desire. In the last section, various methods of intervention are presented including couples therapy, sex therapy, cognitive therapy and working with one's sexual fantasies. This section ends with a discussion on methods of application, resistance to treatment and prevention of relapse. Overall, this book is very well written and easily accessible to various types of audiences: psychologists, psychiatrists, sexual and general health therapists who are interested in the treatment of sexual dysfunctions. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Les psychologues québécois et le Canadian code of ethics.

In 1962 the Canadian Psychological Association (CPA) Code of Ethics for Psychologists was adopted unanimously by the executive assembly of the Corporation of Psychologists of the Province of Quebec (CPPQ) as the code of ethics. It is noteworthy that the first professional corporations appeared in Quebec in the middle of the XIXth century. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Déontologie et éthique: La pertinence pour le Québec du code Canadien d'éthique pour les psychologues.

The duties and responsibilities of psychologists practicing in Quebec are defined by the province's Deontology Code for Psychologists (Code de déontologie des psychologues). This article examines the differences between the Canadian Code of Ethics for Psychologists and the provincial code, and considers whether the Canadian Code could play an important role in the training of future psychologists in Quebec, while serving as an essential tool for the practice of the profession in the province. A comparison of the two codes shows certain limitations in the Quebec Code concerning the professional conduct of psychologists, especially in complex situations involving conflicts of principles, values, standards, rights or responsibilities. Closer examination also indicates that the Canadian Code of Ethics for Psychologists represents a reference framework that could overcome these difficulties. The author discusses the implications of this conclusion for the training of future psychologists and the practice of the profession in Quebec and offers recommendations. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2011 APA, all rights reserved)     

Activités de la Société Québécoise pour la recherche en psychologie.

The Quebec Society for Research in Psychology aims to promote the echanges and the development of research in psychology in Quebec. It has more than 250 researchers. The activities of the company are coordinated by an executive committee and they include and annual conference and publication of a monthly bulletin. Two additional initiatives of the Society are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Genomic study of hemagglutinins of swine influenza (H1N1) viruses associated with acute and chronic respiratory diseases in pigs

The nucleotide sequences of HA1 domain of hemagglutinin of clinical H1N1 influenza viruses, isolated during recent outbreaks of respiratory problems in pig farms of Quebec, was determined. The viruses A/Sw/Quebec/3291/90 (SwQc3291) and A/Sw/Quebec/1747/90 (SwQc1747), associated with chronic respiratory disease, showed close similarity for their deduced aa sequences. When compared with the published data of A/Sw/Quebec/5393/91 (SwQc91), the variations observed included Cb and Ca antigenic sites in SwQc3291 and Sb and Ca sites in SwQc1747 isolates. These variants were antigenically related to SwQc91 virus associated with chronic respiratory disease, but differed from the more classical A/Sw/Quebec/192/81 (SwQc81) strain. In contrast, A/Sw/Quebec/1192/86 (SwQc1192) isolate, associated with acute respiratory influenza, showed maximum number of differences including Ca, Cb, Sa and Sb antigenic sites. The latter, as well as the SwQc81 strain, were antigenically distinct from SwQc91 virus on the basis of its cross-reactivity to MAbs directed against the HA glycoprotein. Estimation of genetic distances and phylogenic tree analysis showed that SwQc1747 and SwQc3291 were closely related, but these viruses along with SwQc1192 were considerably divergent from SwQc91 virus.     

Biomedical research in Quebec: the history of the Fonds de la recherche en santé du Québec

The author describes the history of the Fonds de la recherche en santé du Québec, from after World War II to the present day. The Conseil de la recherche médicale du Québec (Quebec Medical Research Council) was created in 1964 to bring Quebec up to speed in biomedical research through programs that complemented those of the Medical Research Council of Canada. The council progressively evolved, becoming the Conseil de la recherche en santé du Québec (Quebec Health Research Council) in 1974 and the Fonds de la recherche en santé du Québec (FRSQ) in 1982. The FRSQ covers all aspects of medical research, in its broadest sense. Quebec's progress in biomedical research has been spectacular and has had direct and considerable influence on the quality of medical education and patient care. From 1982 to 1996, various Quebec governments have devoted more than +500 million to the FRSQ, a testimony to their comprehension of the importance of this area and to their farsightedness. The FRSQ and its predecessor organizations have been a major force in improving and maintaining the quality of medical teaching and care in Quebec during the last three decades.     

Family process in health research: Extending a family typology to a new cultural context.

To describe family context in health research, the authors tested a typology of families developed in California with a sample of families in Quebec, Canada. Family scales from the California study were submitted to focus groups, translated, and standardized on a sample of 209 parents. A panel of experts then revised the scales to make them relevant to Quebec families and to health promotion. Data from the new and revised scales were collected on 509 Quebec couples (1,018 spouses) and were clustered separately by gender, using K means. The procedure classified all respondents into family types that paralleled the original typology. Discriminant analyses indicated that family profile variables significantly distinguished family types. Comparisons with family, stress, and health variables further differentiated among the types and expanded their meaning. The study demonstrates a method for redefining and extending family data in health research with different cultural groups. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Ethnic attitudes as a function of ethnic presence.

Attitudes, assessed through comfort ratings, toward 12 ethnic and racial groups in Canada were measured in a national survey in 1991, using responses from 3,325 participants (aged 18+ yrs). The attitudes toward these groups were related to their ethnic presence in the survey respondents' Census Subdivision (equivalent to a municipality), as revealed in the 1986 Census. Separate analyses were carried out in Quebec and the rest of Canada. Small but significant direct relationships were found between most ethnic attitudes and log10 transformed ethnic presence. The relationships were statistically significant for Italians, Ukrainians, Germans, Jews, and Portuguese in Quebec, as well as in the rest of Canada. In Quebec, the relationship was also significant for British. In the rest of Canada, but not in Quebec, further significant relationships were obtained for Arabs and French. Linear relationships were not significant in Quebec, as well as the rest of Canada for Chinese, Native Indians, and West Indian Blacks. The direct relationships between ethnic attitudes and ethnic presence observed for most groups indicate that attitudes toward a particular group are more positive to the extent that the group is well represented in the geographic region of the respondent. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Psychologie au Quebec: Present et avenir.

An attempt has been made to evaluate the current state of both pure and applied psychology in the Province of Quebec. The recent academic and professional recognition of this newly developing science and its impact and implications for the future growth have been analysed. Basing his observations on the contributions of Wright and Pinard, the author has attempted to present an image of the contemporary Quebec psychology. The actual difficulties with respect to research, teaching and practice of psychology as a profession in the province have been highlighted. Some general suggestions with a view towards making some improvements in the current state of affairs have been made. Diversity in specialization, better utilization of human resources, more and more specialization by French-Canadian psychologists and greater exchange of information between the French and the American psychology have been proposed as some of the starting points to accelerate the growth of Quebec psychology. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Acid leaching studies of chrysotile asbestos from mines in the Coalinga region of California and from Quebec and British Columbia

The dissolution of magnesium (Mg) and silicon (Si) from various samples of chrysotile asbestos was measured in N HCl at 25 degrees C. Nine samples were used, five from Canada and four from the Coalinga deposit in California. With milled samples from Quebec, the fraction of Mg dissolving was linearly related to the square root of the leaching time until at least 65% had dissolved. With a hand-picked sample of ore from Quebec, the sample from British Columbia and all the Californian samples, the Mg leaching patterns were sigmoid. The leaching patterns for Si were sigmoid in shape for all the materials tested. Mean Mg dissolution rates were calculated for each leaching period. Considerable differences were observed between samples from the different mining regions and also between hand-picked and milled samples from the same mine. Initially, Mg dissolved more rapidly from milled Quebec chrysotiles than from the Coalinga samples. This difference is due in part to the rapid dissolution of non-structural brucite, present in all the samples from Quebec but not in those from California. An additional cause is greater damage to the fibre surfaces resulting from the milling to which the less readily-opened fibres, typical of the Quebec mining area, were subjected. Once this readily-available Mg had dissolved, there was little difference in leaching rates between milled and unmilled samples from the different regions. When the fraction of Mg dissolving is plotted against that of Si, all the materials follow a similar pattern, suggesting that the dissolution of Si (as silica) is the rate-controlling step in the dissolution of Mg.     

Duodenal ulcer patients exhibit a greater skin response to histamine

Smoking is responsible for the highest number of avoidable illnesses and deaths in Canada. Cigarette smoking declined considerably in the adult population between 1965 and 1986, but what has happened over the past decade? Quebec and Canadian public surveys were used to compare types of cigarette use in Quebec and Canada between 1985 and 1994, as well as to compare them by sex. In recent years, the prevalence of smoking has increased among Quebec men only. Differences between Quebec and Canada can be seen in the evolution of the quit rate and the prevalence of smokers. There does not appear to be any indication that differences in cigarette smoking between Quebec and Canada are being eradicated. In Quebec, the evolution of this habit differs according to sex, which indicates that certain factors affect men and women differently. The public survey data make it possible to follow trends in the medium and long term, whereas it is difficult to accurately track the evolution of cigarette smoking from one year to the next, given the small size of the samples in each region and the slow evolution of behaviour.     

Prix Donald O. Hebb honorant une contribution remarquable à la psychologie en tant que science.

Announces that Dr, Adrien Pinard is the recipient of the 1991 Donald O. Hebb Award for Distinguished Contribution to Psychology as a Science. Dr Pinard is one of the most distinguished researchers in Canadian psychology. He is former president of the Canadian Psychological Association, a member of the Royal Society of Canada, and winner of the Leon Gerin-Lajoie award, the highest distinction accorded by the Quebec government in social sciences. After 32 years teaching in the department of Psychology at the University of Montreal, he is presently professor emeritus at the Department of Psychology of the University of Quebec at Montreal. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

évaluation de la validité théorique de l'Inventaire de l'organisation de la personnalité.

Studied the psychometric properties and the theoretical validity of the French translation of the Inventory of Personality Organization (IPO; O. F. Kernberg and J. F. Clarkin, 1995). The IPO was administered to 845 males and females from a Quebec university and from the general Quebec population. Separate exploratory and 1st-level confirmatory factor analyses were performed. The results indicate a good level of conformity between IPO items and the tridimensional primary constructs of O. F. Kernberg's theoretical model of personality organization. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

The interaction model of anxiety and the threat of Quebec's separation from Canada.

The interaction model of anxiety was investigated by assessing trait and state anxiety in students at a Canadian university during the Quebec referendum. The results of Study 1 confirmed that the threat of separation by Quebec from Canada was perceived as an ambiguous, uncertain situation. In Study 2, reactions to this situation were assessed by having participants complete measures of anxiety and situation perception at Time 1 (i.e., 3 hr before the event) and Time 2 (i.e., 1 week after the vote). The results provide support for the interaction model; individuals who were high in trait anxiety in ambiguous situations and appraised the referendum situation as threatening were characterized by elevated state anxiety before the uncertain outcome of the vote. The results illustrate the need to examine trait anxiety and specific appraisals of situational threat in uncertain life situations. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)