菌丝体表面分子印迹吸附剂的选择性吸附

采用制备得到的菌丝体表面分子印迹吸附剂;系统研究了菌丝体表面分子印迹吸附剂对模板金属离子的吸附选择性。结果表明：与非印迹吸附剂相比;以Ni+为模板制备的菌丝体表面分子印迹吸附剂;对Ni+、Cu+与Cr3+的吸附速率和吸附容量都有较大幅度的提高。对于含有Ni+的金属离子混合溶液;菌丝体表面分子印迹吸附剂对Ni+的吸附容量和选择性都比另一种金属离子（如Cr3+和Cu+）明显提高;与非印迹吸附剂相比;印迹吸附剂对非模板金属离子Cr3+和Cu+的选择性明显降低。     

城市剩余污泥制备活性炭吸附剂对Ni2+的吸附研究

以城市污水处理厂剩余脱水污泥为原料,采用化学活化热解法制备了污泥活性炭吸附剂,对水溶液中的Ni2+进行去除,确定了最佳实验参数。实验结果表明,吸附时间为1 h、p H为7、吸附剂用量为6 g/L时,对含Ni2+废水(Ni2+质量浓度为50 mg/L)的平均去除率为29.132%,污泥活性炭吸附剂的平均吸附容量为2.428 mg/g。通过单因素实验得出吸附时间为80 min、溶液p H为7时,对溶液中的Ni2+有较好的去除效果。Ni2+在污泥活性炭吸附剂上的吸附比较符合伪二级吸附动力学方程,Langmuir等温方程更适合描述Ni2+在污泥活性炭吸附剂上的吸附行为。     

包覆改性纳米CaO基CO_2吸附剂的反应吸附性能

对包覆改性纳米CaO基CO_2吸附剂的反应吸附性能进行研究,分别采用惰性材料MgO和TiO_2对纳米CaCO_3表面进行包覆改性,并以铝溶胶为黏结剂,通过混合造粒的方法制备改性纳米CaO基CO_2吸附剂。在相同的吸附温度(600℃)、CO_2分压(0.015 MPa)、再生温度(750℃)以及N_2气氛的条件下,采用热重分析仪(TGA)分别考察了吸附剂的分解温度、吸附速率、吸附容量及循环吸附容量的稳定性。结果表明:MgO和TiO_2包覆改性吸附剂的分解温度较未包覆改性的吸附剂分解温度分别提高了20和35℃:经过30次循环后,包覆改性的吸附剂的吸附速率和吸附容量均明显大于未改性的吸附剂,其中包覆TiO_2改性的吸附剂具有较好的吸附容量稳定性,30次循环后,吸附容量衰减率为34.85%,包覆MgO改性的吸附剂吸附容量衰减率为38.89%,而未经过包覆改性的吸附剂吸附容量衰减率为54.87%。     

高温焙烧底泥吸附重金属Mn2+和Ni2+的动力学与热力学研究

制备了高温焙烧底泥作为吸附剂,并对底泥焙烧前后的表征(SEM、FTRI、XRD、BET)进行研究与分析.采用静态吸附试验来研究高温焙烧底泥吸附废水中重金属Mn2+和Ni2+的吸附动力学与热力学的特性并确定吸附机理.结果表明:对高温焙烧底泥吸附的数据进行拟合且符合Langrnuir和Freundlich吸附等温方程,但拟合效果更好的符合Freundlich吸附等温方程,表明吸附介于单层与多层之间.在高温焙烧底泥对Mn2和Ni2的吸附阶段用Lagergren伪一级吸附动力学方程和Lagergren伪二级吸附动力学方程进行拟合,其结果表明吸附过程遵循Lagergren伪二级吸附动力学方程,表明以化学吸附为主,对Mn2、Ni2+的平衡吸附量分别为5.2083、3.6563 mg/g.由热力学参数(△S、△H和△G)表明:高温焙烧底泥对Mn2+和Ni2+的吸附均为吸热过程.     

金属离子印迹改性壳聚糖对水中Ni2+的去除研究

利用金属Ni2+印迹法,通过交联和胺化反应自制Ni2+印迹改性壳聚糖吸附剂小球(P-C-CTS(Ni)),通过比较中间产品的含水率、吸附容量及FT-IR谱,分析壳聚糖在改性过程中的反应机理,验证吸附剂P-C-CTS( Ni)合成路线的正确性,并证明交联前对壳聚糖分子中的活性氨基进行保护的必要性.低浓度Ni2+(CNi=0.852 mmol·L-1)条件,考察不同酸度下吸附容量的变化和酸度对水中低浓度Ni2+去除率的影响规律.结果表明,酸度对P-C-CTS(Ni)去除重金属Ni2+效率的影响显著,酸度对Ni2+去除率的影响规律与对吸附容量的影响基本一致,并对吸附机理进行深入分析.P-C-CTS(Ni)在经过“吸附-脱附-再生”8次循环,颜色与外观等基本不变,重复使用性能稳定.     

蒙脱石对水中Ni2+的吸附动力学研究

吸附法是一种常用于去除废水中重金属离子的方法。近年来,对新型吸附剂的探索已成为研究的热点。蒙脱石是一种2:1型的粘土矿物,具有较高的比表面积和较强的吸附能力。本文采用拟实验方法,研究了蒙脱石在常温(293 K)对水溶液中Ni2+的吸附特性。结果表明,在293 K时,最大饱和吸附容量为153.85 mg/g,蒙脱石对Ni2+的吸附类型是物理吸附。而二级动力学数据拟合表示(相关系数平方R2=0.999)蒙脱石是一种比较理想的去除Ni2+的环境矿物材料。     

羧甲基壳聚糖-膨润土复合吸附剂吸附重金属的试验研究

研究了羧甲基壳聚糖-膨润土复合吸附剂在不同参数下对Cu2+、Ni2+和Cr3+吸附的影响,分析比较了复合吸附剂在单组分和多组分溶液的吸附情况。结果表明,复合吸附剂对Ni2+的吸附可以很快达到吸附平衡,而对Cu2+和Cr3+的吸附分别在30 min和180 min时达到平衡;且pH对吸附容量的影响很显著。在多组分吸附体系中,单位复合吸附剂吸附的重金属离子的总毫摩尔数与单组分体系相比有所增加,但每种金属离子的吸附量与单组分体系相比均有下降。     

PBMA/GMA-SiO2吸附剂的制备及其高效去除铅离子

以甲基丙烯酸丁酯(BMA)和甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯(GMA)功能化的纳米SiO2为单体,通过可逆加成-断裂链转移自由基聚合(RAFT)法制备了PBMA/GMA-SiO2有机/无机复合吸附材料,并将其用于吸附含Pb2+的水溶液。考察了吸附时间、温度、pH以及Pb2+初始质量浓度对吸附效果的影响,并对其吸附动力学和热力学特性进行了探讨。结果表明,PBMA/GMA-SiO2对Pb2+具有良好的吸附性能,其对Pb2+的饱和吸附量为423.84mg/g,吸附最佳pH=5~6,平衡时间为1 h,去除率随Pb2+初始质量浓度的减小而增加。优化实验条件下,50 mg吸附剂在298 K时,对pH=6的50 mL 0.02 g/L含Pb2+溶液的去除率高达100%。热力学和动力学过程模拟结果表明,吸附的动力学过程比较符合准二级动力学速率方程,Langmuir等温方程比Freundlich等温方程更适合于描述此吸附行为。颗粒内扩散过程是吸附速率的控制步骤,但不是唯一的速率控制步骤。吸附剂经过5次脱附、吸附后,依然具有较强吸附Pb2+的能力。     

La3+-Zn2+-Al3+-CO2-3-LDHs的制备及其对含Cr(Ⅵ)废水的吸附研究

利用尿素作为有效沉淀剂,采取均相沉淀法制备了La3+-Zn2+-Al3+-LDHs,其比例为La:Zn:Al=1:6:2.通过红外光谱(FT-IR)及扫描电镜(SEM)对样品的材料性质进行了表征分析.用制备的类水滑石对含Cr(Ⅵ)废水进行了吸附处理,并且运用响应曲面法研究了温度、时间、吸附剂用量对清除率的影响.实验表明当吸附时间为1.1小时,吸附温度为42.25℃,吸附剂用量为0.08 g时,Cr(Ⅵ)的清除率达到最大值74.31％.最后通过实验证实吸附符合Langmuir等温吸附方程,吸附过程为自发吸热过程.     

黑曲霉对水中Ni~(2+)的吸附研究

用黑曲霉作为生物吸附剂对水中Ni2+进行吸附去除研究。考察了pH、温度、吸附时间及共存离子等因素对黑曲霉吸附Ni2+效果的影响。实验结果表明,当溶液pH为7,菌体对Ni2+的吸附效果较好,去除率可达85%以上。随着吸附温度升高,黑曲霉对Ni2+吸附去除率也随着升高。对等温吸附数据用Langlnuir和Freundlich模型进行拟合,结果表明,Langmuir方程更适合描述黑曲霉对Ni2+的吸附。对吸附动力学的研究表明,黑曲霉对Ni2+吸附过程符合二级动力学模型,相关系数大于0.99。     

Preparation of a surface molecular‐imprinted adsorbent for Ni2+ based on Penicillium chrysogenum

A new chitosan molecular‐imprinted adsorbent was prepared from the mycelium of waste biomass. The results showed that an adsorbent using Penicillium chrysogenum mycelium as the core material was better than one derived from peanut coat. The adsorption capacity of the surface‐imprinted adsorbent for Ni²⁺ was enhanced by increasing the chitosan concentration in the imprinting process. Epichlorohydrin was better than glutaraldehyde as a cross‐linking agent; the optimal imprinted Ni²⁺ concentration for preparing the surface‐imprinted adsorbent was 2 mg (Ni²⁺) g^?1 of mycelium. The adsorption capacity of the surface‐imprinted adsorbent was 42 mg g^?1 (at 200 mg dm^?3 initial metal ions concentration) and twice that of the mycelium adsorbent. The surface‐imprinted adsorbent can be reused for up to 15 cycles without loss of adsorption capacity. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry     

菌丝体-甲壳素水处理剂对重金属离子吸附性能的研究

The adsorption properties of chitin adsorbent from mycelium of fermentation industries for the removal of heavy metal ions were studied.The result shows that the chitin adsorbent has high adsorption capacity for many heavy metal ions and Ni^2 in citric acid.The influence of pH was significant:When pH is higher than 4.0,the high adsorption capacity is obtained.otherwise H^ ion inhibits the adsorption of heavy metal ions.The comparison of the chitin adsorbent with some other commercial adsorbents was made,in which that the adsorption behavior of chitin adsorbent is close to that of commercial cation exchange adsorbents,and its cost is much lower than those commercial adsorbents.     

交联氧化铝-壳聚糖新杂化吸附剂的制备及去除废水中Cu(Ⅱ)(英文)

A novel biosorbent was developed by coating chitosan,a naturally and abundantly available biopolymer,on to activated alumina based on oil shale ash via crosslinking.The adsorbent was characterized by various techniques,such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,scanning electron microscopy,thermogravimetric-differential thermal analysis,and X-ray photoelectron spectroscope.Batch isothermal equilibrium adsorption experiments were condcted to evaluate the adsorbent for the removal of Cu(Ⅱ) from wastewater.The effect of pH and agitation time on the adsorption capacity was also investigated,indicating that the optimum pH was 6.0.The equilibrium adsorp-tion data were correlated with Langmuir and Freundlich models.The maximum monolayer adsorption capacity of chitosan coated alumina sorbent as obtained from Langmuir adsorption isotherm was found to be 315.46 mg·g-1 for Cu(Ⅱ).The adsorbent loaded with Cu(Ⅱ) was readily regenerated using 0.1 mol?L?1 sodium hydroxide solution.All these indicated that chitosan coated alumina adsorbent not only have high adsorption activity,but also had good stability in the wastewater treatment process.     

Cadmium adsorption on modified chitosan‐coated bentonite: batch experimental studies

BACKGROUND: Several researchers have investigated the use of chitosan as an adsorbent for removal of heavy metals from aqueous streams. Chitosan flake or powder swells and crumbles making it unsuitable for use in an adsorption column. Chitosan also has a tendency to agglomerate or form a gel in aqueous media. The adsorption capacity can be enhanced by spreading chitosan on physical supports that can increase the accessibility of the metal binding sites. Although several attempts have been made to enhance the adsorption capacity of chitosan, using various chemicals, the sorption capacity for metal ions decreased after cross‐linking of chitosan. RESULTS: Bentonite was coated with chitosan (Chi) and its derivative, 3,4‐dimethoxy‐benzaldehyde (Chi/DMB). The product was then used as adsorbent for the removal of Cd²⁺ from aqueous solutions. The presence of imine groups resulting from chemical modification was confirmed using IR, DRS and SEM. The adsorption followed the Langmuir isotherm and could be described by pseudo‐second order kinetics. CONCLUSION: Chi/DMB coated on bentonite increased the accessibility of metal binding sites. The Chi/DMB/bentonite showed no significant pH dependence in the pH range 2–9, but bentonite coated with chitosan revealed very intensive pH dependence, which had a considerable effect on cadmium removal. As expected adsorption of Cd²⁺ by Chi/bentonite and Chi/DMB/bentonite is dependent on contact time and adsorbent dose. In addition, an EDTA solution is suitable for desorption of cadmium ions, and the reusability of Chi/DMB/bentonite is quite good. © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry     

微波辐射下香草醛改性壳聚糖的制备及其对金属离子的吸附

应用微波辐射法合成了香草醛接枝壳聚糖,用NaBH4进行还原。探讨了改性壳聚糖在25℃下对Ni2+、Mn2+、Cr6+的吸附及时间、离子浓度、pH值对吸附效果的影响。结果表明,还原后的改性壳聚糖比壳聚糖吸附性能明显改善,其对Ni2+、Mn2+和Cr6+的吸附容量分别可以达到116.23,63.83,47.27 mg/g。     

菌丝体表面分子印迹壳聚糖树脂的制备及其吸附性能

以Ni²⁺离子为印迹分子、环氧氯丙烷为交联剂,在菌丝体表面制备出壳聚糖分子印迹树脂.合成的树脂与纯菌丝体相比,吸附容量提高2倍左右.优化了制备工艺,同时对树脂的吸附性能及其影响因素进行了初步研究.     

壳聚糖涂层亲和层析在超氧化物歧化酶纯化中的应用

1前言亲和层析是蛋白质纯化中分离效率最高的技术之一。亲和配基有多种形式如单机、底物、活性染料、金属离子等。固定化金属离子亲和层析（Immobilizedmetalionaffinitychromatog’“PhyIMAC）是Porath在1975年首先研究的一种高效分离技术［‘3。IMAC和普通的亲和层析相比，具有一些优点，如亲和配基Cu’”、Zn’“价廉；可在高盐浓度下操作；稳定，容易再生。Sulkowke曾用IMAC技术分离纯化干扰素，一步可纯化产品几十倍【“，收率达90％。目前IMAC介质制备是先在软基质SePharose或SePhadex上用化学交联法弓卜螫合剂IDA（Imino…     

Adsorption of Pb2+ and Cd2+ onto a Novel Activated Carbon‐Chitosan Complex

A novel activated carbon‐chitosan complex adsorbent (ACCA) was prepared via the crosslinking of glutaraldehyde and activated carbon‐(NH₂‐protected) chitosan complex under microwave irradiation. The surface morphology of this adsorbent was characterized. The adsorption of ACCA for Pb²⁺ and Cd²⁺ was investigated. The results demonstrate that ACCA has higher adsorption capacity than chitosan. The adsorption follows pseudo first‐order kinetics. The isotherm adsorption equilibria are better described by Freundlich and Dubinin‐Radushkevich isotherms than by the Langmuir isotherm. The adsorbent can be recycled. These results have important implications for the design of low‐cost and effective adsorbents in the removal of heavy metal ions from wastewaters.     

分子印迹强化胺化改性壳聚糖吸附Cd~(2+)性能研究

利用分子印迹强化胺化技术制备Cd~(2+)模板改性壳聚糖P(Cdb2+)-C-CTS(Cda2+),研究了吸附剂中Cd~(2+)模板含量对其吸附水中Cd~(2+)的性能及含水率的影响。吸附容量随着a值和b值的增加而升高,当a为0.45、b为0.40时,吸附容量达到最大值。以P(Cd0.402+)-C-CTS(Cd0.452+)为研究对象,考察了p H对Cd~(2+)吸附容量的影响,并对吸附选择性能进行研究。结果表明,分子印迹强化胺化技术可制备得到吸附效率更高、选择性更好的改性壳聚糖吸附剂。