Study on the surface cracking in hot-rolled plates of Fe-23Mn-2Al-V austenitic steel

The study introduces the chemical composition,mechanical properties,physical properties and production processes of the Fe-23Mn-2Al-V austenitic steel.Investigations were made into the formation of cracks in the hot-rolled Fe-23Mn-2Al-V steel plates,with optical microscopy (OM),scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectrum (EDS).The results have shown that intergranular oxidation in the reheating furnace is the main cause of the cracks on the surface of the hot-rolled steel plates.The surface cracking can be largely avoided by controlling the remaining oxygen content in the reheating furnace and improving continuous casting (CC) processes to increase the thickness of fine equiaxed grain layer of the steel slabs.     

Fe-23Mn-2Al-V奥氏体热轧板表面裂纹研究

介绍了Fe-23Mn-2Al-V奥氏体钢成分、性能以及生产工艺。通过光学显微镜,扫描电镜以及能谱分析,对该钢种钢板热轧裂纹进行分析。结果表明,晶界氧化是导致热轧表面裂纹的主要原因。控制加热炉残氧量可以显著防止晶界氧化,减少裂纹发生率。同时,可以考虑改善连铸工艺,增加钢坯表面激冷层厚度以增强抗氧化性。     

Fe-20Mn-0.6C TWIP钢力学性能和微观组织的演变

 研究一种Fe-Mn-C系新型TWIP钢的力学性能和微观变形机制。采用静态拉伸方法测试Fe-20Mn-0.6C钢在热轧和冷轧及热处理后的力学性能,通过金相、X-射线衍射、透射电镜观察等方法研究该钢的微观组织演变。结果表明：试验钢经过热轧后,表现出优异的综合力学性能,伸长率高达100%,抗拉强度达到924MPa。将热轧钢板经过适量冷轧后其抗拉强度提高到1210MPa。 热轧态组织为等轴的奥氏体基体及退火孪晶,拉伸变形后其微观组织中孪晶密度显著增加,晶粒内由一套孪晶系逐渐演化为两套孪晶系,而且因变形诱导马氏体相变产生大量马氏体组织。     

Abrasive Wear Behaviors of Light-weight Austenitic Fe-24Mn-7Al-1C Steel and Mn13Cr2 Steel

The impact abrasive wear behaviors of light-weight austenitic Fe-24Mn-7Al-1C steel with increasing impact wear conditions were studied by comparing with the modified Hadfield (Mn13Cr2)steel.Wear tests were performed with the MLD-10 abrasive wear testing machine.Main parameters such as impact energy,impacting frequency and wear time were evaluated.To explore the abrasive wear behaviors under different impact energies,the parameters in-cluding mass loss,wear resistance and hardness were evaluated in detail.The microstructures of the steels were fur-ther analyzed using optical microscopy (OM),scanning electron microscopy (SEM),transmission electron micros-copy (TEM)and X-ray diffraction (XRD).Results showed that the light-weight austenitic Fe-24Mn-7Al-1C steel had a better wear resistance than Mn13Cr2 steel under the impact energy tested.The wear resistance of light-weight austenitic Fe-24Mn-7Al-1C steel was about 1.09-1.17 times as high as that of Mn13Cr2 steel under low and medi-um impact energy (0.5-2.0 J)conditions,and 1.41 times under high impact energy (4.0 J)condition.In Mn13Cr2 steel,the evolution of dislocation substructure with increasing impact energy showed typical stacking fault,interac-tion of twins and dislocations,as well as mechanical twins.The high work-hardening rate in Fe-24Mn-7Al-1C steel was caused by Taylor lattice and high density of dislocation tangles.     

热装热轧微合金钢板表面裂纹分析

 利用金相观察、扫描电镜及能谱分析和透射电镜等手段,对热装热轧微合金钢板出现的表面裂纹进行分析研究,并与使用同批次连铸坯冷装热轧无裂纹的钢板进行比较,分析产生表面裂纹的原因。实验结果表明热装热轧微合金钢板产生表面裂纹的原因是铸坯冷却或加热过程中Cu、As低熔点元素在奥氏体晶界的偏聚。与热装热轧板相比,冷装热轧板晶粒尺寸小直径在10μm左右,而热装热轧板晶粒尺寸大且不均匀。热轧板析出物尺寸在15～25nm之间,裂纹源处较基体多,大量细小的Nb(C,N)化合物在奥氏体晶界析出,降低了晶界强度。     

Welding character of the cryogenic and non-magnetic steel Fe-23Mn.4Al-5Cr-0.3C

The cold-rolled sheet of cryogenic and non-magnetic steel Fe-23Mn-4Al-5Cr-0.3C was welded by means of argon tungsten arc welding with the filler wire containing 26.65Mn, 3.06Al, 5.31 Cr and 0.31 C (wt.-%). The mechanical properties and microstructure of welded joints were examined at 300 and 77 K. The experimental results indicate that the weld metal and the heat affected zone are possessed of satisfactory mechanical properties suitable for cryogenic use and its austenitic structure is quite stable. No cooling delta-ferrite was observed in the weld metal or the heat affected zone. Thus, it is suggested that the Fe-23Mn-4Al-5Cr-0.3C steel can be used as a new material for weldments at cryogenic temperatures.     

含铝304和316L奥氏体不锈钢热轧板材焊接性能

 对加Al质量分数为4%的304、2%的316L不锈钢热轧板材的焊接性能进行了研究。采用手工氩弧焊（TIG）的焊接方法,利用光学显微镜对焊缝的显微组织进行分析,利用电子探针（EMPA）分析焊接母材的元素分布,并对焊接接头进行力学性能测试。组织和力学性能的研究结果表明：含铝304和含铝316L合金热轧板分别选用ER308L,ER316L作为焊接材料,经TIG焊接后,焊缝无裂纹、气孔等缺陷,接头具有良好的强度和塑性,焊接接头力学性能接近于其母材;热影响区组织与母材组织基本一致,焊缝与母材熔合良好,组织良好,加铝304和316L不锈钢具有良好的焊接性能。     

碳含量对Fe-Mn-Cu-C系TWIP钢组织和力学性能的影响

 采用真空熔炼法制备Fe-20Mn-3.0Cu-XC系高强度高塑性合金钢,通过X射线衍射（XRD）、光学显微镜（OM）和透射电子显微镜（TEM）观察方法研究了碳含量对该系列合金微观组织和力学性能的影响,分析了合金的拉伸变形微观机制。结果表明：Fe-20Mn-3.0Cu-XC系合金拉伸变形前后均为单相奥氏体组织,未发生马氏体相变。随着碳质量分数的增加,合金的屈服强度、抗拉强度和伸长率均显著提高。Fe-20Mn-3.0Cu-1.41C合金的屈服强度为501.62MPa,抗拉强度为1178.4MPa,具有优异的综合力学性能。Fe-20Mn-3.0Cu-XC系合金具有优异的应变硬化能力。随着碳质量分数增大至1.41%,最大应变硬化指数n值达到0.782。Fe-20Mn-3.0Cu-XC系合金拉伸变形过程中,TWIP效应是主要的塑性变形机制,大量位错的塞积、形变孪晶的形成以及位错与孪晶间的交互作用共同引起材料强度和塑性的提高。     

析出强化与孪晶强化在Fe--24 Mn--3 Si--3 Al TWIP钢退火过程中的作用机制

对Fe-24Mn-3Si-3Al TWIP钢在不同退火工艺下进行力学性能测试,采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)和透射电子显微镜(TEM)观察钢的微观组织形貌.结果表明:随着退火温度和保温时间的变化,TWIP钢的力学性能并不符合常规的单调上升或下降的规律,而在退火温度为800℃、保温10 min和退火温度为900℃、保温20 min时发生波动.退火温度为800℃、保温10 min条件下,钢的主要强化机制为析出强化,析出相(Fe,Mn)₂₃C₆的增多导致屈服和抗拉强度升高;退火温度为900℃、保温20 min条件下,钢中的析出相并未有明显的变化,而二次孪晶的产生及孪晶相互交割成为抗拉强度增加的主导因素.      

Electrochemical polarization and passive film of a cryogenic and non-magnetic steel in aqueous solution

The corrosion behaviour of the austenitic steel Fe-23Mn-4Al-5Cr-0.3C in different aqueous solutions of pH-0.8 to 15.3 and the corrosion protection mechanism induced by adding Al or Al and Cr have been investigated by electrochemical measurements and AES/XPS analysis. The corrosion behaviour of Fe-Mn base steel have been compared with those of mild steel, cryogenic 9 % Ni steel, stainless steels 1Cr13 and 1Cr18Ni9Ti. The addition of manganese to mild steel is very detrimental to the corrosion resistance. Fe-25Mn steel passivates with difficulty even in such neutral aqueous electrolytes as 1 M Na₂SO₄ solution. The addition of 5 % aluminum to Fe-25Mn steel confers passivity to the steel in neutral or oxidizing, chloride-free solution. The addition of 5 % Cr to Fe-Mn-Al steel further improves resistance to corrosion. The passivity of Fe-23.5Mn-4Al-5Cr-0.3C steel in aqueous electrolytes tested is superior to that of 9 % Ni steel and approximate to that of 1Cr13 stainless steel. The corrosion resistance is probably imparted by a thin barrier film of oxides. The outer part of the passive film formed on the surface of Fe-23.5Mn-4Al-5Cr-0.3C steel in 1 M Na₂SO₄ solution is enriched in Al³⁺, Cr³⁺ and Fe³⁺, and this means that the film is probably made up of a mixture of Al₂O₃, Cr₂C₃ and Fe₂O₃.     

Effect of Carbon Content on Stacking Fault Energy of Fe-20Mn-3Cu TWIP Steel

The influence of carbon content on the stacking fault energy(SFE)of Fe-20Mn-3Cu twinning-induced plasticity(TWIP)steel was investigated by means of X-ray diffraction peak-shift method and thermodynamic modeling.The experimental result indicated that the stacking fault probability decreases with increasing carbon addition, the SFE increases linearly when the carbon content in mass percent is between 0.23% and 1.41%.The thermodynamic calculation results showed that the SFE varied from 22.40to 29.64mJ·m-2 when the carbon content in mass percent changes from 0.23%to 1.41%.The XRD analysis revealed that all steels were fully austenitic before and after deformation,which suggested that TWIP effect is the predominant mechanism during the tensile deformation process of Fe-20Mn-3Cu-XC steels.     

不同退火工艺下TWIP钢微观组织及力学性能演变

摘要：以在650℃温轧的Fe-24Mn-2Al-1Si-0.05C TWIP钢为研究对象,通过金相显微镜(OM)、扫描电镜（SEM）、透射电镜（TEM）、室温拉伸等实验手段,研究温轧TWIP钢在回复退火、部分再结晶退火、高温短时退火以及高温退火等不同退火工艺下其微观组织及力学性能的演变。结果表明,随着退火工艺的改变,实验钢的微观组织由回复退火时包含高密度位错、形变孪晶等的变形晶粒逐渐向高温退火时的无畸变再结晶晶粒转变;而部分再结晶退火时,实验钢的微观组织由未再结晶区的变形晶粒和细小的再结晶晶粒混合组成。随退火工艺的改变,实验钢拉伸前、后的硬度变化趋势为先下降然后基本不变最后上升;实验钢的变形机制逐渐由位错滑移为主向孪生滑移为主转变。     

Reheating Austenitizing Temperature of Spring Steel 60Si2MnA for Railway

The microsturctural transformation of austenite grain, pearlite interlamellar spacing, and lamellar cement ite thickness of spring steel 60Si2MnA for railway were studied in the hot-rolled and reheated states. Furthermore, the effect of microstructural characterization on its final mechanical properties was discussed. The results showed that as far as 60Si2MnA, the pearlite interlamellar spacing determined the hardness, whereas, the austenite grain determined the toughness. Compared with microstructure and mechanical properties in the hot rolled state, after reheating treatment at 950 ℃, its average grain sizes are apparently fine and the pearlite interlamellar spacing and lamellar cementite thickness coarsen to some extent, but both hardness and impact toughness increase to HRC 48 and 8.5 J, respectively. In the course of making spring, the optimum reheating austenitizing temperature for the 60Si2MnA steel is 950 ℃.     

0.9C-9Mn-2Cr-Mo中锰耐磨钢的冲击滚动复合磨损性能

通过M2000多功能摩擦磨损试验机研究0. 9C-9Mn-2Cr-Mo中锰钢和Hardax400(0. 22C-1.6Mn-1.4Cr-Mo)以及Hardex500(0.27C-1.0Mn-0.94Cr-Mo)耐磨钢的冲击和滚动复合摩擦磨损性能,并利用XRD、SEM和TEM等分析了组织转变及磨损机理。实验结果表明,热轧中锰钢比Hardox马氏体耐磨钢表现出更好的抗冲滚磨料磨损性能。中锰钢冲滚磨损表面存在厚度达1000μm的硬化层,最高显微硬度达HV490,洛氏硬度达HRC53。中锰钢磨损机制以凿削破坏为主,伴随局部的疲劳剥落破坏;位错强化、形变孪晶和马氏体相变是中锰钢硬化和抗磨损性能改善的主要原因。     

Tailoring the Mechanical Properties of a Twinning-Induced Plasticity Steel by Retention of Deformation Twins During Heat Treatment

The relation between microstructure and mechanical properties of a 30 pct cold-rolled, recovery-annealed, and recrystallization-annealed Fe-23Mn-1.5Al-0.3C twinning-induced plasticity (TWIP) steel was studied. The thermal stability of deformation-induced twin boundaries along with a reduced dislocation density due to annihilation during recovery annealing at 903 K (630 °C) was found to be a simple, promising processing route to overcome the shortcoming of low yield strength usually associated with TWIP steels.     

Fe-25Mn-3Si-3AlTWIP钢等温压缩流变应力的研究

在Gleeble-1500D热模拟试验机上采用等温压缩试验研究了高锰奥氏体Fe-25Mn-3Si-3AlTWIP钢在变形温度为900～1100℃,变形速率为0．01～1s。条件下的热变形行为。研究结果表明,Fe-25Mn-3Si-3Al钢热变形流变应力曲线呈现明显的动态再结晶特征,出现了一个明显的流变应力峰值,峰值之后...     

汽车用热基镀锌高强钢的研发进展

 日益复杂的服役环境,对汽车底盘及结构内件耐蚀性提出了更高要求,常规酸洗板已无法满足。以低合金高强钢(HSLA)、铁素体贝氏体钢(FB)和复相钢(CP)为代表的热基镀锌高强钢兼具热轧钢板的高成形性及镀层钢板的高耐蚀性,取代酸洗板用于汽车底盘和结构内件制造,不仅可以提高整车防腐性能,还可以降低零件修复、更换和再生产带来的能源消耗与碳排放,为汽车企业选材用材升级、降本增效提供了重要解决方案。汽车用热基镀锌高强钢对组织性能及表面质量的要求极其严格,国内外具备产品开发及稳定供货能力的企业很少。从化学成分、热轧、冷却、卷取和退火等工艺参数对微观组织及析出相的影响方面阐述了热基镀锌高强钢组织性能调控机理,以色差、漏镀和锌流纹等缺陷为例概述了热基镀锌高强钢表面问题产生的原因及相应的攻关方向。重点介绍了锌铝镁镀层在耐腐蚀方面的优势以及热基锌铝镁产品的主要应用途径。综述了国内外汽车用热基镀锌高强钢的生产及应用现状,指出进一步提升综合性能、改善表面质量和拓展极限规格是其发展方向。同时指出,需要持续关注热基镀锌高强钢生产和应用方面的问题,如色差、漏镀和锌流纹等表面问题,焊接飞溅、气孔和LME裂纹问题以及针对底盘特定腐蚀环境的耐蚀性数据积累及评价。     

Microstructure Evolution and Tensile Properties of Cold-Rolled and Annealed Fe-30Mn-0.14C-7Cr-0.26Ni Steel

Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A - The carbide precipitation, microstructure evolution, and tensile properties of Fe-30Mn-0.14C-7Cr-0.26Ni (in wt pct) steel after cold rolling to 95 pct...     

高强度热轧双相钢的低周疲劳性能

从热轧双相钢的实际应用需求出发,研究了高强度热轧双相钢DP600的低周疲劳性能。采用轴向应变控制方法对DP600钢进行了低周疲劳试验,并对试验数据进行拟合计算,得到DP600钢的循环应力-应变曲线、应变-寿命曲线和过渡疲劳寿命。通过扫描电镜观察疲劳断口,结果显示低周疲劳条件下,DP600钢断裂裂纹起源于试样表面,裂纹扩展前期呈现部分脆性断裂特征,后期则以明显的韧性断裂为主。     

铌微合金化热轧带肋钢筋表面裂纹研究

通过采用金相显微镜、扫描电镜及能谱分析等手段,对铌微合金化热轧带肋钢筋的连铸方坯质量及钢筋表面裂纹进行了分析研究.结果表明,连铸方坯上的中心疏松、中间裂纹和中心裂纹颇为严重,分析认为这些缺陷是浇注温度、冷却强度和拉坯速度等因素综合影响的结果.钢筋表面裂纹为纵向裂纹,主要是由表层及亚表层的夹杂物而并非连铸方坯内部裂纹所引起的,讨论了夹杂物对钢筋纵向裂纹扩展和分叉的影响,裂纹扩展时遇到难以变形的大颗粒夹杂易发生分叉.提出了优化冶炼和改进连铸工艺等相关措施并取得了良好的效果.