Compressive and energy absorption properties of closed-cell magnesium foams

The quasi-static compressive mechanical behavior and deformation mechanism of closed-cell magnesium foams were studied, and the effects of the density of magnesium foams on the compressive and energy absorption properties were also discussed. The results show that the compressive process of closed-cell magnesium foams is characterized by three deformation stages: linear elastic stage, collapsing stage and densification stage. At the linear elastic stage, the peak compressive strength (σ ₀) and Young’s modulus (E ₀) increase as the density increases. Magnesium foams can absorb energy at the collapsing stage. In a certain strain range, the energy absorption capacity also increases as the density of magnesium foams increases.     

Compressive properties of aluminum foams by gas injection method

The compressive properties of aluminum foams by gas injection method are investigated under both quasi-static and dynamic compressive loads in this paper.The experimental results indicate that the defo...     

真空渗流法制备泡沫铝及其动态力学性能的研究

以真空渗流法制备陶瓷中空球泡沫铝,研究了应变率对吸能量和吸能效率的影响、相对密度对屈服强度的影响,并与普通泡沫铝进行比较。结果表明,工艺简单可行,所制备的泡沫铝的动态压缩应力-应变曲线只有弹性变形区和塑性变形区;随应变率的增大,屈服强度和吸能效率变化规律不明显,吸能量增大;随相对密度的增大,屈服强度增大,吸能量增大,吸能效率也增大;动态压缩时两种泡沫铝的吸能效率均较高,最大吸能效率大于0.9,是良好的吸能材料。     

Effects of cell size on compressive properties of aluminum foam

1 Introduction Metal foams are a relatively new class of structural materials and offer a variety of applications in fields such as lightmass construction or crash energy management. In view of potential applications, the mechanical properties of foamed m…     

盐球渗透铸造法制备开孔泡沫铝的孔结构及压缩性能

使用圆盘造粒机制备近球形的NaCl颗粒,并将其用于渗透铸造制备开孔泡沫铝。盐球的平均抗压缩强度为3.9 MPa,在超声波清洗机中可在5 min内完全塌陷。通过控制热压烧结时间为0.5～2 h,热压温度700℃,可制备堆积密度在0.66～0.83 g/cm³的预制体。延长热压烧结时间会使开孔泡沫铝的孔径从0.48 mm增加到1.16 mm,孔隙率从64%增加到82%。压缩实验结果表明,不同孔隙结构下泡沫体的宏观变形特征基本相同,均表现出逐层塌陷的变形特征。此外,泡沫铝的致密化应变值、弹性模量、平台屈服应力和能量吸收能力均随着孔隙率的增加而降低。当孔隙率为64%时,能量吸收能力最大(15.0 MJ·m^-3)。     

Carbon-Nanofiber-Reinforced Syntactic Foams: Compressive Properties and Strain Rate Sensitivity

The current study is focused on exploring the possibility of reinforcing syntactic foams with carbon nanofibers (CNFs). Syntactic foams are hollow, particle-filled composites that are widely used in marine structures and are now finding applications in other modes of transportation due to their high stiffness-to-weight ratio. The compressive properties of syntactic foams reinforced with CNFs are characterized over the strain rate range of 10^?4 to 3,000 s^?1, which covers seven orders of magnitude. The results show that despite lower density with respect to neat epoxy, CNF/syntactic foams can have up to 7.3% and 15.5% higher quasi-static compressive strength and modulus, respectively, for the compositions that were characterized in the current study. In addition, these properties can be tailored over a wide range by means of hollow particle wall thickness and volume fraction, and CNF volume fraction. The compressive strength of CNF/syntactic foams is also shown to generally increase by up to a factor of 3.41 with increasing strain rate when quasi-static and high-strain-rate testing data are compared. Extensive microscopy of the CNF/syntactic foams is conducted to understand the failure and energy absorption mechanisms. Crack bridging by CNFs is observed in the specimens, which can delay final failure and increase the energy absorption capacity of the specimens. Deformation of CNFs is also noticed in the material microstructure. The deformation and failure mechanisms of nanofibers are related to the test strain rate and the structure of CNFs.     

应变率和相对密度对泡沫SiCp/ZL104压缩性能的影响

对采用熔体发泡法制备的泡沫5%(体积分数,下同)SiCp/ZL104复合材料进行了准静态和动态压缩性能的测试和分析.结果表明:无论是动态下压缩还是准静态下压缩,泡沫5%SiCp/ZL104复合材料的应力-应变曲线都呈现出典型的3个阶段:线弹性段、平台段和致密段;屈服应力对应变率很敏感,使得应变率增加时,屈服应力增加,且有应变硬化现象发生;随着相对密度的增大,泡沫5%SiCp/ZL104复合材料的动态屈服应力和流动应力与准静态载荷相比显著增加.     

超细镍纳米线拉伸性能的温度和应变率相关性的分子动力学研究

基于EAM势,采用分子动力学方法对超细镍纳米线（直径分别为3．94、4．95和5．99nm）在（100）晶向的拉伸性能进行研究,并对其温度相关性和拉伸应变率相关性进行探讨。结果表明：弹性模量和屈服强度随着温度的升高而逐渐降低,并且随着拉伸应变率的增大,应力一应变曲线波动程度变大,超细镍纳米线发生断裂时的应变越来越小。在0．01K温度下,超细镍纳米线屈服强度随拉伸应变率的升高迅速降低;但在其它温度条件下,拉伸应变率对弹性模量和屈服强度的影响较小。简要分析尺寸大小对镍纳米线拉伸性能的影响。     

应变率对泡沫Al-Mg合金压缩性能的影响

在应变率分别为10^-3s^-1,600s^-1和1600s^-1条件下对开孔泡沫Al-Mg合金进行了压缩试验，测量了不同应变率下材料的压缩应力．应变(σ-ε)曲线，研究了应变率的变化对这种Al合金泡沫的压缩性能和吸能性的影响。试验结果表明：这种开孔结构的泡沫Al-Mg合金具有明显的应变率效应，随应变率的提高，其屈服强度和流动应力升高；因此，与静态下相比，动态压缩下的吸能性上升，而对应的应力也随之提高。     

Uniaxial stress–strain behaviour of aluminium alloy foams

The tensile and compressive stress–strain behaviour of closed cell aluminium alloy foams (trade name “Alulight”) has been measured and interpreted in terms of its microstructure. It is found that the foams are anisotropic, markedly inhomogeneous and have properties close to those expected of an open cell foam. The unloading modulus and the tensile and compressive yield strengths increase non-linearly with relative density. The deformation mechanisms were analysed using image analysis software and a d.c. potential drop technique. The scatter in results is attributed to imperfections within the foam. These include non-uniform density, weak oxide interfaces, and cell faces containing voids and cracks.     

Dynamic Compressive Property of Closed-Cell Mg Alloy Composite Foams Reinforced with SiC Particles

The high-strain-rate mechanical response of Mg alloy/SiC_p composite foams has received increased attention in recent years due to their light weight and potential to absorb large amounts of energy during deformation. Dynamic compressive properties of closed-cell Mg alloy/SiC_p composite foams with diff erent relative densities(0.162, 0.227 and 0.351) and diff erent SiC_p additions(0, 4 and 8 wt%) have been investigated using Split-Hopkinson pressure bar. It is shown that peak stress and energy absorption capacity signifi cantly increase as the relative density increases at the range of testing strain rates. Peak stress and energy absorption display strain rate dependence. The peak stress of specimens with 0 wt% and 4 wt% SiC particles additions grows with increasing strain rate. Meanwhile, the increment in the peak stress of specimens with 8 wt% addition is not signifi cant with strain rate increasing. The increase in strain rate increases the energy absorption capacity. The suitable amount of SiC particles addition has great advantages over increasing the peak stress and energy absorption capacity at the high strain rate. The strain-rate-sensitive matrix, cell morphology, morphological defects and gas pressure have an impact on the strain-rate sensitivity of Mg alloy/SiC_p composite foams.     

Tensile property of Al-Si closed-cell aluminum foam

1Introduction The unique properties of metallic foams make them useful in a number of potential application fields including damping,electromagnetic shielding,heat exchange,sound insulation,sound absorption,and energy absorption[1?4].The closed-cell alumi…     

孔隙率对电子束选区熔化多孔钽支架力学性能的影响（英文）

研究了孔隙率对电子束选区熔化(EB-PBF)多孔钽支架压缩、弯曲和拉伸性能的影响。通过改变多孔钽支架设计孔隙率以及调整熔化工艺参数,获得了孔隙率为69%～77.8%的多孔钽支架。研究表明,随着能量密度的增加,多孔钽支架中的孔洞和未熔融粉末减少。随着孔隙率的下降,多孔钽支架的力学性能增加。EB-PBF多孔钽支架压缩屈服强度、弯曲屈服强度以及拉伸屈服强度与相对密度的关系可以用指数模型来描述,弹性模量则与相对密度较好地符合Gibson-Ashby模型。多孔钽支架在压缩、弯曲和拉伸试验中均表现出良好的延性,在压缩过程中没有发现杆筋断裂,但在90°弯曲后,多孔钽杆筋表面出现裂纹,这主要是由于对氧化物引起的缺陷具有较高的敏感性。     

单胞构型和结构参数对SLM成形梯度点阵结构压缩性能的影响

梯度点阵结构由于压缩时具有优秀的吸能能力,目前常作为吸能组件被应用于航天、国防和医疗等领域。但随着现代工业的发展,工程领域对其压缩性能提出了更高的要求,为使其进一步优化,有必要探讨单胞构型、结构参数和压缩性能之间的关系。因此本研究通过选区激光熔化(Selective laser melting, SLM)成形了两种梯度差的AlSi10Mg变杆径梯度体心立方(Body-centered cubic, BCC)和金刚石(Diamond, Diam)结构,以研究梯度差对压缩性能的影响,并对两种单胞构型进行对比。准静态单轴压缩实验和有限元分析(Finite element analysis, FEA)的结果表明,在同相对密度下,当单胞构型相同时,随着梯度差的增加单位体积吸能量明显增加。而梯度差相同时,Diam梯度点阵结构的压缩模量、屈服强度、抗压强度和最大峰值应力均高于BCC,同时其单位体积吸能量和吸能效率也高于BCC。     

Effects of cell irregularity on the elastic properties of open-cell foams

Foams are more and more widely used because of their high mechanical properties relative to their low density. Most available mechanical models are based on idealised unit-cell structures. A significant disadvantage of the unit-cell modelling approach is that it does not account for the natural variations in microstructure that are typical for most foam structures. Our objective has been to investigate how the cell irregularity affects the elastic properties of open-cell foams. We generated periodic, three-dimensional (3D), random samples with different degrees of irregularity, and used finite element analysis (FEA) to determine the effective elastic properties. The geometrical properties were investigated for 3D random open-cell foams and related to the elastic properties. The results indicate that the more irregular the foams, the larger will be their effective Young's modulus and shear modulus at constant overall relative density. On the other hand, the bulk modulus reduces with increasing degree of cell irregularity, while the Poisson's ratio is largely independent.     

泡沫铝合金显微组织和压缩力学性能的研究

采用Si、Mg及Cu元素进行合金化处理，制备了几种不同力学性能的开孔泡沫铝，并通过准静态压缩实验，研究合金化对泡沫铝压缩力学行为与吸能特征的影响。实验结果表明：采用Si、Mg及Cu元素合金化处理显著改变了泡沫铝的应力-应变行为与吸能特征，使泡沫铝的屈服强度提高，吸能性大幅度上升。另外，还研究了渗流法制备工艺对泡沫铝微观组织和性能的影响，结果显示由于渗流法制备过程特殊的凝固条件，使得泡沫铝的微观组织比相同成分的铸造铝合金的组织明显粗大。     

结构尺寸对Ti6Al4V多孔结构力学性能的影响

采用激光选区熔化技术制造了不同单元结构尺寸（1~6 mm）、孔隙率（40~80%）的拓扑优化多孔阵列结构,研究了单元结构尺寸对其压缩形变规律和弹性性能的影响。结果表明,多孔阵列结构的抗压强度、弹性模量均与单元结构尺寸成反比,抗压强度在126~199 MPa,弹性模量在3.5~55.47 GPa;压缩应力-应变曲线与单元结构尺寸有关,分别遵循弹性、弹脆性和脆性多孔材料三种应力应变规律;通过数值模拟多孔阵列结构的压缩形变过程,解释了两种45°断裂带的成因,力学性能与实验结果基本吻合;利用Gibson-Ashby模型评价多孔结构的稳定性,稳定性参数C与单元结构尺寸成反比;给出Gibson-Ashby拟合方程,特征参数n随单元结构尺寸增加而增大;建立了单元结构尺寸、相对密度和相对弹性模量的三维曲面数学模型,提出骨植入体的设计区域。     

材料力学参量对焊后超声冲击处理应力应变影响的有限元模拟

为了探究材料力学性能对超声冲击处理焊后应力应变的影响,采用有限元分析软件ABAQUS建立了不同力学性能参数的超声冲击模型.分别讨论了弹性模量、泊松比以及静态屈服强度对超声冲击处理后材料应力应变的影响,旨在探讨超声冲击处理对不同力学性能材料的应力应变强化程度.结果表明,材料的弹性模量、泊松比以及静态屈服强度都会影响超声冲击处理的应力应变;且冲击处x方向应力随着材料的弹性模量、泊松比以及静态屈服强度的增加而增大;而等效塑性应变会随着弹性模量和静态屈服强度的增加而变小,随着泊松比的增加而增大;泊松比对等效塑性应变影响大于x方向应力的影响.     

合金化对泡沫铝压缩力学行为的影响

采用Si、Mg及Cu元素进行合金化处理，制备了几种不同力学性能的开孔泡沫铝，通过准静态压缩实验研究了合金化对泡沫铝压缩力学性能与吸能特征的影响。实验结果表明，Si、Mg及Cu元素合金化处理能显著改变泡沫铝的应力-应变行为与吸能特征，使泡沫铝的屈服强度提高，吸能性大幅度上升。     

Effects of heat treatment on dynamic compressive properties and energy absorption characteristics of open-cell aluminum alloy foams

1 Introduction In the past few years, there has been a considerable increase in using metal foams for lightmass structural components and energy absorption parts for their wide plateau in the compressive stress-strain curve[1-3]. It has been shown that, e…