环戊烷的生产

讨论了环戊烷(CPA)的生产背景、市场前景、原料的分离方法以及合成环戊烷的两种工艺。分别讨论了以不同物料为原料生产环戊烷的可行性。其中，详细描述了从乙烯裂解碳五馏分中分离出环戊二烯(CPD)、双环戊二烯(DCPD)的工艺，以及由双环戊二烯加氢生产环戊烷的两种工艺。催化和分离单独进行的三塔工艺和催化蒸馏的单塔工艺。     

双环戊二烯液相解聚工艺的研究

本文研究了采用连续反应-精馏装置,由双环戊二烯进行液相热分解制备环戊二烯的工艺方法,通过正交设计及极差分析法确定了最佳工艺条件。产品收率达85％以上,纯度可高达98％～99％。     

裂解碳五主要馏分用途介绍

乙烯副产裂解碳五可得到多种高附加值化工产品，如异戊二烯、环戊二烯、间戊二烯、异戊烯、1-戊烯、2-丁炔、3-甲基-1-丁烯、环戊烷、环戊烯、异戊烷、正戊烷等；其中异戊二烯、环戊二烯（双环戊二烯）和间戊二烯这3种双烯烃含量约占一半左右。     

热二聚法萃取精馏分离C5馏分

新疆以石脑油及轻质柴油为原料蒸气裂解生产乙烯副产C5馏分的主要组成为含有异戊二烯9％～14％、间戊二烯10％～17％、双环戊二烯／环戊二烯11％～16％。3种二烯烃的总含量占到了30％～50％。分离工艺流程设计为两次萃取蒸馏,两次精馏,可同时分离异戊二烯、间戊二烯、双环戊二烯,并可生产一定量的戊烷馏分和炔烃馏分。所选取的萃取剂为无水二甲基甲酰胺。过程总收率为原料中异戊二烯的90％～95％。     

环戊二烯液相加氢制备环戊烯的研究

介绍了以工业级双环戊二烯为原料，经过解聚-精馏得到高纯度的环戊二烯，以骨架镍为催化剂，对环戊二烯液相加氢制备环戊烯的影响因素进行了研究。结果表明，在反应温度25～30℃，氢气分压为1．0。1．5MPa，无水乙醇作为溶剂，v无水乙醇：V环戊二烯为5～6：1，催化剂用量为4％。5％，搅拌速度为800r／min条件下，反应时间2～3h，环戊二烯的转化率大于98％，环戊烯的选择性大于95％。     

四氢环戊二烯三聚体的合成

双环戊二烯与环戊二烯反应,经两步合成了标题化合物。考察了环戊二烯与双环戊二烯反应中温度、压力、反应时间及溶剂用量对转化率和环戊二烯三聚体收率的影响,最佳条件220℃,0.5 MPa,m(溶剂)∶m(原料)为50%,反应4 h,双环戊二烯转化率85.4%,环戊二烯三聚体收率76.5%。考察了环戊二烯三聚体加氢反应中催化剂用量、温度、氢气压对反应的影响,在m(Raney Ni)∶m(原料)为25%,90℃,4.0 MPa的最佳条件下反应540 min,收率99.6%。两步反应总收率76.2%,产物经质谱、红外光谱等进行了表征。     

环戊烷生产工艺技术探讨

环戊烷具有广泛的用途,是重要的化工原料之一。介绍了环戊烷生产现状,讨论了从乙烯裂解碳五馏分中分离出双环戊二烯烃的几种生产工艺,以及由双环戊二烯生成环戊烷的工艺技术。     

环戊二烯选择加氢生产环戊烯

以双环戊二烯为原料,经过解聚-精馏得到高纯度的环戊二烯,再以自制Ni/Al2O3为催化剂,对环戊二烯选择加氢制备环戊烯。对影响环戊二烯选择加氢的主要因素进行了研究。结果表明,控制反应温度35-45℃,氢气分压1.0-1.5 MPa,反应时间2 h左右,可实现环戊二烯的转化率〉97%,环戊烯的选择性大于95%。     

一种制备高纯度双环戊二烯的方法

<正>本发明公开了一种制备高纯度双环戊二烯(DCPD)的方法。以粗双环戊二烯为原料,在解聚过程中加入稀释剂,双环戊二烯与稀释剂按0.5~5的比例混合后进入解聚精馏塔;在常压下,解聚温度为160℃~200℃,回流比为0.5~5,解聚时间为1h~3h。塔顶获得高纯度的环戊二烯(CPD),环戊二烯再经一管式反应器,反应温度为 40℃~120℃,反应压力为(0.1~1.5)MPa,停留时间为 4h~10h,最终获得纯度     

碳五分离工艺中的反应精馏技术

在裂解碳五馏分所采用的工艺中,反应精馏工艺比热二聚工艺有独特之处：减少副产物,提高异戊二烯、间戊二烯和双环戊二烯收率。并且在处理低含量（3％～10％）环戊二烯的原料中,由于在脱除环戊二烯过程中能有效地抑制除环戊二烯二聚反应外的其它二聚反应,从而减少了副产物的产生。因此反应精馏技术既能提高产品双环戊二烯的质量,又能减少C5双烯的损失。当原料中环戊二烯含量达到正常值（10％～16％）时,可以适当增加反应精馏塔的压力,提高环戊二烯的转化率。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料，介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比，介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序，对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

Inorganic/organic nanocomposite coatings: The next step in coating performance

Inorganic/organic hybrid materials have considerable promise and are beginning to become a major area of research for many coating usages, including abrasion and corrosion resistance. Our primary approach is to prepare the inorganic phase in situ within the film formation process of the organic phase. The inorganic phase is introduced via sol-gel chemistry into a thermosetting organic phase. By this method, the size, periodicity, spatial positioning, and density of the inorganic phase can be controlled. An important aspect of the inorganic/organic hybrid materials is the coupling agent. The initial task of the coupling agent is to provide uniform mixing of the oligomeric organic phase with the sol-gel precursors, which are otherwise immiscible. UV-curable inorganic/organic hybrid systems have the advantages of a rapid cure and the ability to be used on heat sensitive substrates such as molded plastics. Also, it is possible to have better control of the growth of the inorganic phase using UV curing. It is our ultimate goal to completely separate the curing of inorganic and organic phases to gain complete control over the morphology, and hence optimization of “all” the coating properties. Thus far, it has been found that concomitant UV curing of the inorganic and organic phases using titanium sol-gel precursors afforded nanocomposite coatings which completely block the substrate from UV light while maintaining a transparent to visible light. Also, it has been found that the morphology of the inorganic phase is highly dependent on the concentration and reactivity of the coupling agent. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004, in Chicago, IL.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Some Large Wood-Boring Beetles in Southeastern USA

Ethanol and α-pinene were tested as attractants for large wood-boring pine beetles in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina in 2002–2004. Multiple-funnel traps baited with (−)-α-pinene (released at about 2 g/d at 25–28°C) were attractive to the following Cerambycidae: Acanthocinus nodosus, A. obsoletus, Arhopalus rusticus nubilus, Asemum striatum, Monochamus titillator, Prionus pocularis, Xylotrechus integer, and X. sagittatus sagittatus. Buprestis lineata (Buprestidae), Alaus myops (Elateridae), and Hylobius pales and Pachylobius picivorus (Curculionidae) were also attracted to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene. In many locations, ethanol synergized attraction of the cerambycids Acanthocinus nodosus, A. obsoletus, Arhopalus r. nubilus, Monochamus titillator, and Xylotrechus s. sagittatus (but not Asemum striatum, Prionus pocularis, or Xylotrechus integer) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene. Similarly, attraction of Alaus myops, Hylobius pales, and Pachylobius picivorus (but not Buprestis lineata) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene was synergized by ethanol. These results provide support for the use of traps baited with ethanol and (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common large wood-boring beetles from the southeastern region of the USA at ports-of-entry in other countries, as well as forested areas in the USA.