芳纶浆粕增强丁腈橡胶复合材料的摩擦磨损性能

利用开炼机制备了丁腈橡胶(NBR)/芳纶浆粕(PPTA-pulp)复合材料。研究了在干摩擦和水润滑条件下,纤维含量、摩擦时间以及载荷对NBR/PPTA-pulp复合材料摩擦磨损性能的影响,并分析了磨损机理。结果表明,芳纶浆粕的加入能够很好地改善复合材料的力学性能和摩擦磨损性能,在相同条件下,当纤维质量分数为20%时,复合材料的综合性能最佳;在干摩擦条件下,随着摩擦时间延长,复合材料的摩擦系数下降,磨耗量增大;随着载荷增加,摩擦系数和磨耗量增大;水润滑条件下,复合材料的摩擦系数和磨耗量较干摩擦大幅度降低且比较稳定,时间和载荷对其影响很小;干摩擦时,复合材料的磨损机理主要为磨粒磨损和疲劳磨损;水润滑时,主要为轻微磨粒磨损。     

不同温度下PTFE纳米复合材料摩擦学性能的研究

用高温气氛摩擦磨损试验机研究了温度对聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)纳米复合材料摩擦学性能的影响,并用扫描电子显微镜对PTFE纳米复合材料的磨损表面进行了微观分析.结果表明,填充纳米氧化铝(nano-Al2O3)提高了PTFE纳米复合材料的耐磨损性能,纯PTFE和PTFE/nano-Al2O3复合材料的耐磨损性能均随着温度的升高而降低,摩擦系数也随着温度的升高而降低;纯PTFE的磨损机理为粘着磨损,而PTFE/nano-Al2O3复合材料的磨损机理为磨粒磨损和黏着磨损共同作用.     

离子液体对水润滑丁腈橡胶摩擦性能的影响

考察了由3种咪唑类离子液体改性制得的丁腈橡胶（NBR）的硫化特性、动态力学性能、物理机械性能及水润滑条件下的摩擦系数、摩擦表面形貌和磨损体积,并研究了咪唑类离子液体的作用机制。结果表明,3种咪唑类离子液体均可提高NBR的交联密度和物理机械性能;1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑六氟磷酸盐［（BMim）PF6］能有效减小NBR在去离子水中的体积变化。经咪唑类离子液体改性后,NBR进入混合润滑的线速率由0.180 m/s降至0.045 m/s;添加1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑溴盐［（BMim）Br］和（BMim）PF6的NBR在线速率达到1.800 m/s时均进入弹流动压润滑;3种离子液体均可有效降低边界润滑阶段、混合润滑阶段和弹流动压润滑阶段的摩擦系数,尤其在边界润滑阶段和混合润滑阶段的改善效果显著,其中（BMim）Br和（BMim）PF6改善动摩擦系数效果更好,1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼酸盐［（BMim）BF4］和（BMim）PF6改善静摩擦系数和减少体积磨损效果更好。     

聚丙烯腈纤维/MC尼龙6原位复合材料摩擦磨损性能研究

本文利用己内酰胺的阴离子原位聚合方法制备了聚丙烯腈纤维/MC尼龙6原位复合材料。对复合材料的摩擦磨损性能进行了测试,通过DSC、SEM等测试手段对复合材料的摩擦磨损机理进行探讨。结果表明原位复合材料的磨损机理是以磨粒磨损为主,同时还有粘着磨损和疲劳磨损。摩擦温度是摩擦系数大小的影响因素。原位复合材料的摩擦系数随载荷的增加而减小,磨损量随着载荷的增加而增加。在低载荷条件下,原位复合材料的摩擦系数大于MC尼龙6,当载荷增加时,聚合物表面软化熔融,起到了润滑作用使得复合材料的摩擦系数下降。     

水润滑下纳米三氧化二铝/端异氰酸酯基聚丁二烯液体橡胶-环氧树脂复合材料的摩擦性能

研究了纳米Al2O3/端异氰酸酯基聚丁二烯液体橡胶-环氧树脂(ETPB)复合材料在水润滑条件下的摩擦性能,并用扫描电子显微镜表征了复合材料的磨损表面形貌,探讨了磨损机理。结果表明,在水润滑条件下,纳米Al2O3/ETPB复合材料的磨损率和摩擦系数低于ETPB;载荷和滑动速率的变化对纳米Al2O3/ETPB复合材料的磨损率、摩擦系数及磨损表面形貌影响不大,复合材料的磨损表面均未产生裂纹;ETPB的磨损机理为疲劳磨损,纳米AlO/ETPB复合材料的磨损机理为机械抛光磨损。     

芳纶纤维增强丁腈橡胶的摩擦性能

研究了芳纶纤维增强丁腈橡胶(NBR)复合材料的物理机械性能和摩擦性能,并用扫描电子显微镜分析了芳纶纤维增强NBR复合材料的磨损表面和磨屑形貌。结果表明,芳纶的加入提高了NBR的拉伸强度;随着芳纶用量的增大,复合材料的扯断伸长率降低;芳纶的加入降低了NBR的摩擦系数和磨损率;当芳纶用量为20份时,复合材料的综合性能最佳。加入芳纶对NBR摩擦磨损形式的改变是NBR摩擦性能提高的重要原因。     

密度对与40Cr镀Cr钢配副的C/C复合材料滑动摩擦行为的影响

在M2000型摩擦机上,与表面Cr的40Cr钢配副,测试两种C/C复合材料不同密度试样的摩擦磨损性能。结果表明:随载荷增加,在两种材料中,低密度试样的摩擦系数较高且波动幅度大,1.8g/cm3以上试样的摩擦系数、波动幅度较低。其中A、B材料低密度试样摩擦系数波动幅度最大,分别可达0.02、0.038,而高密度试样的分别为0.012、0.012。随时间延长,A材料低密度试样摩擦系数升高,高密度试样的保持稳定;B材料低密度试样的变化不规律,高密度试样能基本保持稳定。SEM观察表明,随密度增加,材料B的磨损表面由粗糙、充满磨屑逐渐向较完整、致密的磨损表面转变。     

纤维增强铝硅酸盐玻璃陶瓷磨损失效机理研究

在UMT-2微观磨损试验机（USA）上研究了SiC纤维在复合材料摩擦行为过程中的作用,讨论了纤维含量、摩擦行为过程对复合材料摩擦学性能的影响,并对纤维增强铝硅酸盐玻璃陶瓷复合材料的磨损失效机理进行了探讨。研究结果表明：SiC纤维/玻璃陶瓷复合材料摩擦系数随对磨时间的变化是由起始时的较低值逐步过渡到稳态数值,但在摩擦过程的后期摩擦系数表现出明显的波动。复合材料的磨损失重随磨损时间的延长而逐渐增大,复合材料的耐磨性能下降,磨损失重增加。复合材料基体与摩擦对磨件间存在粘着现象,但其主要磨损失效形式仍为磨粒磨损和疲劳磨损。复合材料界面结合性能与磨损表面上纤维的排列对复合材料的摩擦学性能是有较大影响的。     

PTFE/Al2O3纳米复合材料的摩擦磨损性能研究

利用MM—200型摩擦磨损试验机研究了PTFE／Al2O3纳米复合材料的摩擦磨损性能，并采用扫描电子显微镜观察、分析了试样磨屑形状及磨损机理。结果表明，经表面处理的纳米Al2O3能明显提高PTFE的耐磨损性并改变其磨屑形成机理；当表面处理纳米Al2O3含量为3％时，PTFE纳米复合材料的磨损量最小，但在试验范围内，表面处理纳米Al2O3含量变化对PTFE纳米复合材料的耐磨损性影响不大，而PTFE纳米复合材料的摩擦系数则随表面处理纳米Al2O3含量增加而略有增大，导致PTFE磨损的机理主要是粘着磨损。     

环氧液晶/酚醛树脂复合材料的摩擦磨损性能研究

利用自行合成的端基为环氧基的热致性环氧液晶(LCE)与酚醛树脂(PF)通过熔融挤出进行原位复合制备了LCE/PF复合材料。研究了LCE含量对LCE/PF复合材料力学性能、硬度及摩擦性能的影响,使用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察了复合材料的磨损面形貌,分析了复合材料的摩擦磨损机理。研究结果表明:LCE含量为2.5%时,摩擦系数比未加LCE的稳定,力学性能也有所提高;在各温度下,LCE含量为7.5%的复合材料的体积磨损率比未加LCE的复合材料的小达,到了GB 5763—2008的要求。     

不同粒径氧化锌填充丁腈橡胶的摩擦磨损机制

采用机械共混与热模压工艺制备普通氧化锌(c-ZnO)与纳米氧化锌(n-ZnO)填充丁腈橡胶(NBR)复合材料,并对复合材料的硫化特性、力学性能及摩擦磨损性能进行了对比研究。结果表明,用量相同时,与c-ZnO相比,n-ZnO在硬脂酸与硫黄作用下形成较强硫化剂,可延长胶料的硫化时间,有利于提高胶料的加工安全性与流动性。与加入c-ZnO的胶料相比,n-ZnO/NBR复合材料的撕裂强度提高了11.0%,压缩永久变形减小17.3%,邵尔A硬度略微提高,且在干摩擦、油润滑条件下均表现出优异的耐摩擦磨损性能。c-ZnO/NBR复合材料的磨损机制为磨粒磨损和严重的黏着磨损,n-ZnO/NBR复合材料的磨损机制为磨粒磨损和少量的黏着磨损。     

Friction properties of graphene reinforced nitrile rubber composites after thermal oxidation aging: Experiment and molecular dynamics simulation

We established friction models for pure NBR, GNS/NBR, and GO/NBR composites through molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. Our study focused on the impact of GNS and GO on the friction properties of nitrile rubber (NBR) composite materials after undergoing thermal oxygen aging. Based on the simulation results, it can be observed that the GNS/NBR and GO/NBR composites' coefficient of friction (COF) decreases by 20.8% and 24.8%, respectively, at 348 K. Additionally, the abrasion rate is reduced by 17.4% and 25.7%, respectively, for the same composites. Adding GNS and GO can effectively improve the friction performance of the NBR composite system, and compared with GNS, GO shows a better enhancement effect. Pure NBR and GO/NBR composite materials were prepared by mechanical blending method, and the friction properties of GO-enhanced NBR composite materials were studied. The experimental results show that the GO/NBR composite material can maintain a low friction and wear coefficient after thermal and oxygen aging. It shows that adding GO can effectively improve the friction properties of NBR composite systems and slow down the weakening effect of aging on the friction properties of NBR composite materials. This is because the GO surface contains wealthy functional groups such as epoxy groups, which enhances the binding strength between the GO and NBR interface so that the GO/NBR composite material exhibits better friction properties and thermal oxygen aging resistance. In addition, the wear surface was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), revealing the damage mechanism of friction and wear of NBR composite materials.     

BPR含量对BPR/SF/PF复合材料摩擦磨损性能和力学性能的影响

将硼酚醛树脂(BPR)与普通酚醛树脂(PF)熔融共混,再加入经过碱处理的剑麻纤维(SF),通过模压成型工艺制备BPR/SF/PF复合材料。利用定速式摩擦试验机和电子万能试验机研究了BPR含量对复合材料摩擦磨损性能及力学性能的影响,采用扫描电镜观察了复合材料磨损表面的形貌。结果表明:在BPR/PF=50/100时,与普通PF/SF复合材料相比,BPR/SF/PF复合材料在300℃下的磨损率降低了42%,冲击强度提高了14%,弯曲强度和弯曲模量分别提高了25%和36%;复合材料磨损面形貌显示,加入BPR后,复合材料由疲劳磨损转变为磨粒磨损。     

Friction and wear properties of NBR/PVC composites

Acrylonitrial butadiene rubber (NBR)/Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) composites with different PVC content were prepared. The effect of PVC content on the mechanical strength and tribological properties of the NBR/PVC composites was investigated. The morphologies of the worn traces and debris of NBR/PVC composites and worn traces of mating ball were observed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). It was found that the friction and wear of NBR/PVC was lower than that of NBR without PVC. The NBR/PVC composite with 30% PVC content showed the best synthetic mechanical and tribological properties. The inferior elastic properties and the lesser deformation under the applied load of composites with PVC resulted in hysteric force and adhesion force decrease, which leading to a lower friction and wear of NBR/PVC composites. The frictional failure unit of NBR70/PVC30 composite being smaller should be an important reason of the wear of the composite being lowest. The lubricating effect of PVC played an important role in decreasing the friction coefficient and wear of NBR/PVC composites. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2007     

Mechanical and tribological performance of acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber/carbon black/cryptocrystalline graphite composites

In this study, cryptocrystalline graphite (CG) was investigated as a novel functional filler for acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber (NBR)/carbon black (CB) composites. NBR/CB/CG composites are characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) as well as differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The results showed that NBR/CB/CG-10 increased by 18.2%, 11.0%, and 10.0% in tensile strength, 300% tensile modulus and tear strength, respectively compared with NBR/CB. Uniform filler dispersion and stronger interfacial interaction contributed to enhancing the mechanical property of NBR/CB/CG composites. It was revealed that the small particle size, rough surface, and defective structure of CG facilitated its exfoliation and intercalation. In addition, the tribological performance of NBR/CB/CG composites was tested on a ring-on-block wear tester under dry sliding conditions. The friction coefficient and specific wear rate of NBR/CB/CG-5 reduced by 50.3% and 51.4%, respectively through the formation of fine lubrication and transfer films. CG enhanced the thermal stability, mechanical, and tribological performance of NBR composites simultaneously and the results of this work proved that CG would be a cost-effective and resource-available functional filler especially suitable for rubber seal application.     

Flexural strength and wear resistance of C/C–SiC brake materials improved by introducing SiC ceramics into carbon fiber bundles

In this work, we adopted PIP technology to introduce SiC ceramics into the carbon fiber bundles of C/C–SiC composites. The obtained C/C–SiC composites containing PIP-SiC exhibited improved flexural strength. Meanwhile, the strength difference was reduced in in-plane and vertical directions. Fracture morphology revealed that the introduction of SiC into the fiber bundles broadened available toughening mechanism of the prepared composites. The braking performance of the materials was tested on an MM-1000 dynamometer. After braking at different speeds, we analyzed wear rates, variations in friction coefficient, and the morphological evolution of the friction surface. The results indicated that the introduction of SiC into the fiber bundles enhanced the abrasive resistance of local C/C regions, which yielded a significant reduction of the wear rates.     

Nano⁃SiO2及PA6复合改性PE⁃UHMW的摩擦磨损性能研究

采用电子万能试验机、M-2000型摩擦试验机、电子和光学显微镜等测试分析方法,重点考察了纳米二氧化硅(nano-SiO2)及其与聚酰胺6(PA6)复合对超高分子量聚乙烯(PE-UHMW)摩擦磨损性能的影响.结果表明,随着nano-SiO2用量的增加,PE-UHMW复合材料的摩擦因数和磨损率均呈现出先降低后升高的趋势;当...     

短切碳纤维对天然橡胶/顺丁橡胶复合材料性能的影响

以天然橡胶(NR)和顺丁橡胶(BR)为基料,以短切碳纤维(SCF)为添加剂,制备了SCF/NR/BR复合材料,考察了SCF用量对NR/BR的摩擦性能及力学性能的影响。结果表明,SCF可增强NR/BR基体的强度,增大其硬度。在NR/BR混合胶中加入15份SCF可以降低混合胶的摩擦系数,减少混合胶的磨损量,提高混合胶的耐磨性能。SCF增强的NR/BR在摩擦过程中发生了磨粒磨损和黏着磨损,形成了卷曲磨屑。     

钼酸铵/丁腈橡胶改性酚醛树脂对摩擦材料性能的影响

制备了以未改性PF、市售改性PF、钼酸铵/丁腈橡胶复合改性PF作为基体的摩擦材料,研究了钼酸铵/丁腈橡胶改性酚醛树脂(PF)对树脂基摩擦材料摩擦磨损性能的影响,并对不同树脂基摩擦材料的冲击强度、硬度和摩擦磨损性能进行了测试。结果表明,复合改性PF基摩擦材料的冲击强度为3.51~3.72 k J/m2,硬度为73~82,高于未改性PF基摩擦材料的冲击强度(3.22 k J/m2)和硬度(52),有效提高了摩擦材料的韧性和硬度。以复合改性PF为基体的摩擦材料,其摩擦系数的稳定性得以提高,其中以含量为10%的摩擦材料最为稳定,磨损率最小。当树脂添加量相同时,复合改性PF基摩擦材料的摩擦系数的稳定性最好,且摩擦系数值保持在0.37~0.40之间,比未改性PF基摩擦材料的摩擦系数和市售改性PF基摩擦材料摩擦系数稳定;复合改性PF基摩擦材料的高温(350℃)磨损为0.45×10~(–7)cm~3/(N·cm),远低于未改性PF基摩擦材料的1.50×10~(–7)cm~3/(N·cm)和市售改性PF基摩擦材料的0.67×10~(–7)cm~3/(N·cm),抗高温热衰退性最好。