胶结-簇钉混合连接件破坏机理及承载力试验研究

为研究基于胶结-簇钉混合连接的装配式钢-混凝土组合结构的受力性能,开展了8组共16个试件的推出试验,研究了胶结-簇钉混合连接件的破坏机理、滑移性能、受力次序和抗剪承载力,探讨了栓钉间距、直径和高度对混合连接件抗剪性能的影响.试验结果表明:混合连接件破坏时试件整体性完好,呈现延性破坏;胶结层先于簇钉承担剪力,胶结层的抗剪...     

装配式钢-薄层超高性能混凝土组合梁大直径群钉连接件抗剪性能数值分析

为研究大直径群钉连接件在装配式钢-薄层超高性能混凝土组合梁桥中的抗剪性能,通过有限元软件ABAQUS建立了19个推出试件模型。着重分析了浇筑方式、栓钉间距、键群间距和键群数量对试件抗剪承载力、抗剪刚度和荷载-滑移曲线的影响规律。研究结果表明：试件破坏模式主要表现为栓钉根部的剪断以及混凝土的局部压碎;使用预制超高性能混凝土板推出试件的抗剪承载力比现浇试件降低10%以内;栓钉间距小于2.5倍栓钉直径时,试件抗剪承载力明显下降;随着键群间距和数量的增加,键群中单个栓钉的抗剪承载力以及抗剪刚度减小。针对装配式钢-薄层超高性能混凝土大直径群钉连接件提出了预测其荷载-滑移关系的理论模型,并将抗剪承载力试验结果与规范计算结果进行了比较,得到了适用于装配式钢-薄层超高性能混凝土组合梁桥大直径群钉连接件的计算方法。     

基于梁式试验与推出试验的栓钉连接件荷载-滑移关系对比研究

为比较基于梁式试验与推出试验得到的栓钉连接件荷载-滑移关系,在定性理论分析的基础上,建立两种试验的精细化有限元模型并进行了试验验证,运用有限元模型分析两种试验中栓钉连接件的受力状态,比较栓钉连接件的抗剪承载力和剪切刚度。结果表明,在弹性阶段,梁式试验中栓钉连接件处于双向受压状态,栓钉连接件所受掀起力较小,剪切刚度比推出试验高;在极限状态下,梁式试验中栓钉连接件所受掀起力大,栓钉连接件的抗剪承载力较推出试验低。建议当采用推出试验获得栓钉连接件的荷载-滑移关系时,应考虑将栓钉连接件的抗剪承载力进行适当折减,而剪切刚度不予折减。     

梁式与推出加载对钢-混凝土结构栓钉承载力影响机理分析

针对钢-混凝土结构中栓钉在推出和梁式加载时不同的受力行为,通过开展数值分析及试验验证,研究了两种加载情况下的栓钉承载力、刚度及传力路径等典型受力性能差异,提出了预留孔尺寸效应、钉簇间受力非线性梯度效应及单簇钉群受力簇群效应等影响效应及机理,建立了梁式加载单钉抗剪承载力计算式。研究表明：梁式加载时栓钉抗剪承载力低于推出加载,抗剪刚度高于推出加载;梁式加载极限承载力时栓钉根部受力相较推出加载呈现更为显著的非线性关系;尺寸效应使组合梁中栓钉承载力略高于推出试件;组合梁中簇群效应更为显著,使单钉承载力降低。梯度效应使组合梁栓钉根部受力非线性更为明显。基于上述分析,提出了考虑3种效应的梁式加载单钉抗剪承载力计算式。     

基于有限元的钢混组合索塔中群钉连接件力学性能分析

针对钢混组合结构中群钉连接件的力学性能,以某实际工程中的群钉连接件为依托,采用ABAQUS开展了群钉连接件的参数化分析。研究了群钉间距、群钉直径、混凝土强度及混凝土板厚对群钉连接件的力学性能的影响。结果表明：随着栓钉直径、混凝土强度、群钉间距的增大,抗剪承载力和抗剪刚度逐渐增大,混凝土板厚对群钉承载力和抗剪刚度影响不大。     

型钢混凝土斜柱的群钉连接件受力性能分析

主要对型钢混凝土组合结构中的群钉连接件受力性能开展数值模拟研究,建立多层剪力钉受力性能推出试验数值模型,分析群钉连接件承载能力和钉群内部传力不均匀情况.在此基础上,分析混凝土强度等级和剪力钉层数对群钉连接件承载能力与抗剪刚度的折减程度的影响.得出如下结论:布置15层剪力钉时,平均抗剪承载能力下降了26.08％,抗剪刚度...     

预制装配式组合梁栓钉连接件抗剪性能试验研究

钢-混凝土组合梁广泛应用于各类建筑与桥梁等结构,为适应装配式组合结构的发展需求,提出了一种将带预制圆孔的混凝土板与焊接栓钉的钢梁安装定位后在预制孔内后填高强填料以固定栓钉连接件的预制装配式钢-混凝土组合梁。通过静力推出试验,研究栓钉直径、预留孔成孔方式与孔径比(预留孔径和栓钉直径比值)对预制装配式组合梁栓钉抗剪连接件的破坏形态、抗剪承载力和滑移性能的影响规律,并进行了普通现浇组合梁栓钉抗剪连接件的对比试验。试验结果表明:破坏形态均为栓钉剪断和混凝土板开裂,螺栓直径和预制成孔后的高强填料对破坏形态有一定影响。装配式抗剪连接件承载力均大于现浇试件承载力,且大于国内外相关规范计算值,采用波纹管成孔的连接件比普通成孔连接件承载力略有提高。提出的组合梁栓钉连接件预制装配构造形式具备应用于实践的可行性,且构造形式简单、施工高效,经合理设计可满足现行规范要求。     

低温下栓钉连接件抗剪承载力的数值模拟研究

为研究低温下栓钉连接件的抗剪承载力,通过有限元软件ABAQUS建立低温推出试验模型,并进行低温推出试验验证有限元模型的准确性。通过56个模型参数化分析,得出研究结论:栓钉连接件的抗剪承载力随温度降低而提高,在-20,-40,-60℃时相较于常温下分别提高12. 1%、18. 6%和24. 2%;低温环境下,混凝土强度是栓钉连接件抗剪承载力的主要影响因素,而栓钉自身强度对连接件整体抗剪承载力的影响较小。在严寒地区组合结构的设计中,建议在已有的承载力设计公式基础上,引入混凝土低温影响系数。     

钢-混凝土组合结构新型双钉头型栓钉剪力连接件抗剪承载力研究

以钢-混凝土组合梁中普遍采用的栓钉剪力连接件为研究对象,针对普通单钉头栓钉连接件存在根部相对薄弱、抗剪能力较差、连接容易过早失效的缺点,提出了一种新型双钉头型栓钉剪力连接件形式,并进行了推出试验有限元模拟分析,在此基础上讨论了影响新型栓钉连接件抗剪承载力的主要因素,最后结合有关规范公式提出了设计建议。研究表明:新型双钉头型栓钉提高了连接件的抗剪极限承载力(与传统栓钉相比,承载力可提高约10%),减小了钢梁与混凝土板的相对滑移,提高了二者的共同工作能力。下钉头直径是影响新型栓钉连接件抗剪性能的主要因素,工程应用时可取栓钉下钉头直径为其杆身直径的1.2~1.3倍,此时连接件极限承载力较高,抗剪工作性能亦较好。当按照我国现行钢结构规范设计采用新型栓钉连接件的钢-混凝土组合梁时,可对单个栓钉连接件的抗剪承载力计算值乘以1.3增大系数。与采用传统栓钉的组合梁相比,采用新型栓钉的钢-混凝土组合梁初期刚度与前者基本相同,但后期会有约12%~20%的明显提高。由于新型栓钉的滑移较小,使混凝土板和钢梁共同工作效果提高。     

钢-混凝土组合梁栓钉剪力连接件抗剪承载力研究

为了探究钢-混凝土组合梁栓钉剪力连接件构造参数对其抗剪承载力的影响,采用ABAQUS有限元软件建立了数值分析模型,获得了荷载-滑移曲线,并与经验公式计算比较,二者吻合较好;通过改变结构的混凝土强度等级、栓钉直径、栓钉屈服强度和栓钉长度等构造参数,分析了栓钉抗剪承载力的变化规律。结果表明:栓钉剪力连接件的抗剪承载力随着混凝土强度等级、栓钉直径、栓钉屈服强度的增大而提高。     

Longitudinal shear test on steel-concrete composite beam with two rows of shear studs

为研究带双排栓钉的组合梁的纵向受剪性能,进行了7个带双排栓钉的钢-混凝土组合梁试件和1个带单排栓钉的钢-混凝土组合梁对比试件的纵向受剪试验。研究栓钉横向或纵向间距、横向配筋率、混凝土强度、栓钉排布方式等因素对带双排栓钉的钢-混凝土组合梁纵向受剪性能和混凝土板破坏形态的影响,并分析了各研究参数对峰值荷载和极限滑移量的影响。结果表明：带双排栓钉的钢-混凝土组合梁试件破坏模式主要表现为“八”字形裂缝的剪切破坏;栓钉横向、纵向间距、混凝土强度以及混凝土板配筋率是影响钢-混凝土组合梁受剪承载力的主要因素;受剪承载力均随着栓钉横向间距、纵向间距、混凝土强度以及混凝土板的横向配筋率的增加而增大。     

推出试验中摩擦接触效应的数值分析

建立精确有效的2D非线性有限元模型,以研究组合桥梁中预制混凝土板和钢梁间抗剪连接件的力学性质。考虑材料非线性本构关系,采用4节点平面单元,该模型还对大梁翼缘与混凝土板以及混凝土板底部双头螺柱与混凝土之间的摩擦接触面进行了有限元分析。将数值分析结果与试验结果进行比较。每个试件中含有4个或9个双头螺柱。首先,给出能够精确模拟经典3D实际问题的2D数值分析法:等值法。然后,进行数值计算,研究摩擦系数对试件加载滑动性能的影响以及试件的内部变形与内力分布情况。最后,利用参数研究法和实际经验更好地进行连接件设计。     

Behavior and strength of headed stud shear connectors in ultra-high performance concrete of composite bridges

This study presents an experimental and numerical investigation on the static behavior of headed stud shear connectors in ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) of composite bridges. Four push-out specimens were tested. It was found that no cracking, crushing or splitting was observed on the concrete slab, indicating that UHPC slab exhibited good performance and could resist the high force transferred from the headed studs. The numerical and experimental results indicated that the shear capacity is supposed to be composed of two parts stud shank shear contribution and concrete wedge block shear contribution. The stiffness increment of a stud in UHPC was at least 60% higher than that in normal strength concrete. Even if the stud height was reduced from 6d to 2d, there was no reduction in the shear strength of a stud. Short stud shear connectors with an aspect ratio as small as 2 could develop full strength in UHPC slabs. An empirical load-slip equation taking into account stud diameter was proposed to predict the load-slip response of a stud. The reliability and accuracy of the proposed load-slip equation was verified by the experimental and numerical load-slip curves.     

Effect of shear connector spacing and layout on the shear connector capacity in composite beams

A three dimensional nonlinear finite element model has been developed to study the behaviour of composite beams with profiled sheeting oriented perpendicular to its axis. The analysis of the push test was carried out using ABAQUS/Explicit with slow load application to ensure a quasi-static solution. Both material and geometric nonlinearities were taken into account. Elastic-plastic material models were used for all steel components and the Concrete Damaged Plasticity model was used for the concrete slab. The post-failure behaviour of the push test was accurately predicted, which is crucial for realistic determination of shear capacity, slip and failure mode. The results obtained from finite element analysis were verified against the experimental push tests conducted in this research and also from other studies. After validation, the model was used to carry out an extensive parametric study to investigate the effect of transverse spacing in push tests with double studs placed in favourable and staggered positions with various concrete strengths. The results were also compared with the capacity of a single shear stud. It was found that shear connector resistance of pairs of shear connectors placed in favourable position was 94% of the strength of a single shear stud on average, when the transverse spacing between studs was 200 mm or more. For the same spacing, the resistance of staggered pairs of studs was only 86% of the strength of a single stud. The strength of double shear studs in favourable position was higher than that of the staggered pairs of shear connectors.     

整体预制钢-混凝土组合梁桥合理结构研究

为了在中小跨径桥梁中推广使用钢-混凝土组合结构桥梁,提高桥梁的工业化建造水平和组合梁桥的装配化程度,提出了一种整体预制钢-混凝土组合梁桥结构。结合常用的中小跨径的需求,考虑公路运输条件和吊装能力,构建了整体预制钢-混组合梁结构基本单元,并提出了单元之间的连接方式,进一步形成整体桥梁。计算分析表明:所提出的整体预制钢-混组合梁,在受力性能方面均优于传统分离预制钢-混组合梁,在全寿命周期的经济性能方面优于现有的预制混凝土箱梁、预制混凝土T形梁,在施工性能方面相比于现有的预制混凝土箱梁、预制混凝土T形梁以及分离预制钢-混组合梁会明显提高施工效率、缩短施工工期,而且更容易保证施工质量,为桥梁工程提供了一种结构合理、施工便捷的结构形式。     

The influence of profiled sheeting thickness and shear connector’s position on strength and ductility of headed shear connector

A three-dimensional finite element model is developed, validated and used in the parametric study to investigate the influence of shear stud’s position and profiled sheeting thickness on the strength, ductility and failure modes of the headed shear stud welded to the modern profiled sheeting. A total of 240 push tests were analysed with different sheeting thicknesses, positions of the shear stud in the trough, concrete strengths and transverse spacings. The results showed that the sheeting thickness influenced the shear connector resistance of studs placed in the unfavourable position more than studs placed in favourable and central positions. The strength of the shear connector placed in the unfavourable position increased by as much as 30% when the sheeting thickness was increased. The shear connector resistance of the unfavourable stud was found to be primarily a function of the strength and the thickness of the profiled sheeting rather than the concrete strength. The strength prediction equations for unfavourable and central studs were also proposed. The results suggested that the strength of the shear connector increased as the distance of the shear stud increased from the mid-height of the deck rib in the load bearing direction of the stud. The load-slip behaviour of the studs in the unfavourable position was more ductile than the studs in the favourable position, with slip of 2-4 times higher. It was found that the increase in sheeting thickness and transverse spacing improved the ductility of the stud in unfavourable position, but had no effect on the stud in the favourable position. The failure modes suggested that the favourable and central studs failed by concrete cone failure and unfavourable studs failed by rib punching together with crushing of the narrow strip of the concrete in front of the stud.     

施工误差对剪力钉工作性能的影响

为了研究施工误差对剪力钉工作性能的影响,通过3个无误差剪力钉推出试验,探究剪力钉抗剪力学性能,并根据试验结果验证有限元模拟方法的准确性。在此基础上,考虑施工过程中可能发生的混凝土浇筑不密实、剪力钉布置边距不足、剪力钉倾斜3种施工误差,通过有限元模拟计算分析得到在各施工误差影响下剪力钉抗剪承载力及破坏模式。结果表明:无误差试件剪力钉破坏模式均为剪力钉根部剪断破坏,抗剪承载力试验值均大于各规范计算值;有限元分析得到剪力钉附近混凝土浇筑不密实可使剪力钉抗剪承载力降低60%~70%;剪力钉至混凝土边缘距离不满足规范要求可使剪力钉抗剪承载力降低27%;剪力钉倾斜可使剪力钉抗剪承载力降低41%;混凝土浇筑不密实对剪力钉抗剪承载能力影响最大。     

Influence of group studs layout style on static behavior of steel-concrete composite small box girder models

设计制作4片具有不同栓钉布置方式的钢-混凝土组合小箱梁模型进行试验研究,并进一步采用有限元法,考虑组合梁材料的本构关系和接触问题等,对其从弹性荷载至极限荷载下的受力行为进行分析,得到从开始加载至极限荷载下各模型梁的荷载-挠度曲线、跨中钢梁底板应变随荷载的变化曲线和弹性阶段钢梁与混凝土板相对滑移的分布,以及组合梁的屈服荷载、极限荷载和破坏时混凝土板的应力云图等。与试验测试结果的对比表明,采用群钉布置的快速施工组合梁达到完全抗剪要求时,组合梁承载能力与焊钉数量和布置型式关系不大,按照文中建立的有限元模型能较好地分析预测快速施工不同群钉设计参数下钢-混组合梁的屈服荷载和极限荷载。     

PBL剪力键钢混结合段设计与试验研究

混合梁桥是桥梁结构向大跨度发展的一种重要桥型,对混合梁的钢-混凝土结合段结构形式和剪力连接件主要是PBL键的发展与应用进行评述,结合世界第一座混合梁悬索桥的设计并通过PBL剪力键和栓钉对比推出试验、钢-混凝土结合段接头的对比试验、钢-混凝土结合段1∶4缩尺模型试验,得出一些有益的结论,为今后钢混结合段的设计与优化提供参考。     

Bolted shear connectors vs. headed studs behaviour in push-out tests

Prefabrication of concrete slabs reduces construction time for composite steel–concrete buildings and bridges. Different alternatives for shear connectors (bolts and headed studs) are analysed here to gain better insight in failure modes of shear connector in order to improve competiveness of prefabricated composite structures. Casting of high strength bolted shear connectors in prefabricated concrete slabs offers the higher level of prefabrication comparing to a standard method of grouting welded headed studs in envisaged pockets of concrete slabs. In addition, bolted shear connectors can easily be dismantled together with the concrete slab thus allowing the improved sustainability of the construction, simpler maintenance, and development of modular structural systems. Bolted shear connectors have been rarely used in construction, actually just for rehabilitation works, because there is a lack of design recommendation. The first step towards the design recommendation is to understand the difference between the headed shear studs and the bolted shear connectors in a push-out test. Push-out tests, according to EN1994-1-1, using 4 M16 — grade 8.8 bolts with embedded nut in the same layout and test set-up as for previously investigated headed studs were performed. Finite element models for both shear connectors were created, and good match with experimental data was obtained. Basic shear connector properties such as: shear resistance, stiffness, ductility and failure modes have been compared and discussed in detail by using experimental and FE results. Parametric FE analyses of shear connector's height are carried out and shear resistance reduction factor has been proposed for bolted shear connectors.