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Anionic dyeable acrylic fibre has been obtained by a viable and efficient pretreatment process using hydroxylamine hydrochloride in the presence of acetate salt. The chemical modification relies on an amidoximation reaction that partially converts cyano groups present in the fibre to amidoxime groups. Different factors that may affect the pretreatment process have been investigated. The pretreated fabrics were dyed with CI Acid Red 1 and CI Acid Green 16 and gave improved dyeability over untreated fabrics due to the ion–ion interactions between the sulphonic groups present in the dye molecules and the protonated amino groups present in the fibres. The treated dyed fabrics also showed excellent fastness properties. Fibre characterisation (nitrogen content, tensile strength, shrinkage, infrared spectra and X-ray diffraction) proved the success of the amidoximation reaction. 相似文献
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The cationic aqueous polyurethane (CAPU) coatings were prepared by reacting isophoron diisocyanate with quaternized diethanolamine (DEA) and poly(ethylene glycol) of two different molecular weights (Mn = 600 and 1000 g/mol; CAPU600 and CAPU1000). The quaternization of DEA and the formation of cationic polyurethane were investigated by Fourier transform infrared analysis. The pilling resistance and the antimicrobial property of the coated acrylic fabric were also studied. Obtained results showed that the pilling resistance of the treated fabrics increased with the increase in the concentration of the used CAPU. The acrylic fabrics treated with CAPU1000 shows higher value of pilling resistance, even at lower concentration in comparison with CAPU600. The higher the curing temperature is, the higher the pilling resistance, fabric roughness, and yellowness of the treated acrylic fabrics are. The untreated fabric showed no antimicrobial property, while the treated fabrics with CAPU showed superior antimicrobial properties. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011 相似文献
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《Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology》2013,27(12):1531-1545
Polypropylene (PP) film was plasma-treated using a 13.56 MHz direct plasma with argon, nitrogen, and oxygen as the plasma-forming gases. The three gases induced very different changes on the PP film surface, which were studied using contact angle measurements. Because of its degrading and oxidative effect, oxygen plasma pretreatment was not used for the homogeneous grafting of acrylic acid and acrylamide. Nitrogen plasma treatment did not lead to the formation of stable peroxides on the film surface and did not undergo grafting reactions. This may be due to the types of radicals and functional groups created on the surface during the plasma treatment. Finally, argon plasma pretreatment was found to be the most effective for the grafting of vinyl monomers. The amount of grafted poly(acrylic acid) was shown to be proportional to the concentration of peroxides created by argon plasma treatment. 相似文献
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介绍了用于双组分水性聚氨酯涂料的羟基丙烯酸酯树脂分散体(A组分)和多异氰酸酯(B组分)的改性进展;综述了丙烯酸酯树脂分散体的活性基、酸值、羟值、玻璃化温度Tg、中和剂、中和度、溶剂以及多异氰酸酯等因素对双组分水性丙烯酸酯聚氨酯涂料性能的影响;提出了双组分水性丙烯酸酯聚氨酯涂料的发展趋势。 相似文献
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Aqueous acrylic–polyurethane hybrid emulsions were prepared by batch and semibatch polymerization of acrylic monomer mixtures (butyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate and acrylic acid) in the presence of polyurethane dispersion. The acrylic component was introduced in the monomer emulsion feed. The weight ratio between acrylic and polyurethane components was varied to obtain different emulsion properties, microphase structure and mechanical film properties. Scanning electron microscopy, average particle size and molecular weight measurements were performed to characterize the latex systems. Mechanical properties were examined by measuring Koenig hardnesses of dried films. The average particle size increased with the acrylic/polyurethane ratio. Particles of larger than average size and, to some extent, higher than average molecular weights by batch process were formed. Koenig hardnesses decreased with increasing acrylic/polyurethane ratio. Properties of emulsions synthesized by semibatch processes were compared with the results reported for a different polyurethane dispersion. Copyright © 2003 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
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The development of glossy topcoat one-pot exterior paint formulations using water-based polyurethane/acrylates hybrid binders as well as the assessment of its properties through different conventional tests is discussed in this work. Polyurethane (PU) anionomer having 2-ethoxymethacrylate terminal groups was prepared following a prepolymer mixing process. This prepolymer was chain extended in aqueous solution and after addition of acrylic monomers radical polymerized. Paints were prepared using titanium dioxide as unique pigment. Panels coated with air-dried paints with three pigment to volume concentration (PVC) values were subjected to standardized tests including adhesion, flexibility, gloss and color determination. Accelerated weathering tests were carried out to evaluate changes in properties, especially gloss and color, of painted panels. Solvent-based acrylic and polyurethane paints were included as high gloss quality reference coatings. It was found that air-dried formulations based on hybrid polyurethane/acrylic with up to 50 wt.% of acrylic component, show a gloss as high as 70 and the relative gloss change after accelerated weathering test is lower than the pure solvent-based acrylic and polyurethane paints. 相似文献
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丙烯酸/蓖麻油聚氨酯耐磨涂料的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
介绍了丙烯酸/聚氨酯涂料的制备和性能测试工艺流程以及蓖麻油改性TDI制备聚氨酯、丙烯酸树脂和丙烯酸改性聚氨酯涂料的合成步骤。通过正交实验对羟基丙烯酸树脂和耐磨性填料———二硫化钼、氧化铬和聚四氟乙烯的用量进行了优化,获得了涂料的最优化配方(用质量分数表示):A组分:聚氨酯3%,醋酸丁酯3%;B组分:羟基丙烯酸1.5%,二硫化钼0.3%,三氧化二铬0.4%,聚四氟乙烯0.6%,混合溶剂5%,十二烷基硫酸钠0.12%,KH-5500.025%,二丁基二月桂酸锡0.0125%。所得涂膜的表干时间约为30min,实干时间约为36h。涂层的附着力1级,硬度1B。在3.3kg的载荷下,磨轮旋转1500圈后,涂层磨痕弦长6.5mm,说明涂料耐磨性优良。试样在质量分数分别为5%和15%的盐酸、氢氧化钠溶液中浸泡一周后,涂层无起泡、润胀和脱落现象,说明涂层耐蚀性优良。 相似文献
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Aqueous acrylic‐polyurethane hybrid emulsions were prepared by semibatch emulsion polymerization of a mixture of acrylic monomers (butyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, and acrylic acid) in the presence of polyurethane dispersion. Equivalent physical blends were prepared by mixing acrylic emulsion and polyurethane dispersion. The weight ratio between acrylic and polyurethane components varied to obtain different emulsion properties, microphase structure, and mechanical film properties of hybrid emulsions and physical blends. Particle size and molecular mass measurements, scanning electron microscopy, glass transition temperature, and rheological measurements performed characterization of the latex system. The mechanical properties were investigated by measuring tensile strength and Koenig hardness of dried films. The experimental results indicate better acrylic‐polyurethane compatibility in hybrid emulsions than in physical blends, resulting in improved chemical and mechanical properties. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 78: 67–80, 2000 相似文献
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抗起毛起球腈纶的开发与应用前景 总被引:5,自引:2,他引:3
从织物起毛起球的机理入手,分析了腈纶织物起球的特点和主要影响因素,着重介绍了聚合改性法、纺丝工艺调整法、整理改性法等抗起球腈纶常用的三种制造方法。上海石化腈纶部选择在一定聚合配比条件下,采用纺丝工艺调整法进行了抗起球腈纶的研发。从研发结果看,产品无论在抗起球效果还是染色性能上均达到了进口同类产品水平,市场应用广阔。 相似文献
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Polyester fabrics were preirradiated by electron beam in air and then grafted by acrylic acid (AA) without excluding oxygen. Effects of preirradiation dose, monomer concentration, reaction temperature, storage time, sulfuric acid, and Mohr's salt were investigated in detail and are discussed. The results suggest that it is practicable and effective to graft AA onto polyester fabrics by means of the preirradiation method. FTIR and SEM were used to characterize AA‐grafted polyester fabrics. A new band appearing at 1546 cm?1 in the FTIR spectrum implies that AA was indeed introduced onto PET macromolecules. Changes of the diameter and the surface structure of fabric fibers presented in SEM micrographs make it clear that a layer of grafted poly(acrylic acid) was formed on the surface of these PET fibers. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 89: 3931–3938, 2003 相似文献
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A new polyurethane cationomer with pendent azo groups bounds to quaternary nitrogen atoms has been synthesized by polyaddition reaction between poly(tetramethylene oxide) (PTMO), 4,4′-bibenzyldiisocyanate and N-methyldiethanolamine, followed by quaternization of tertiary nitrogen with 4-(3-chloropropionyloxy)azobenzene. E–Z photoisomerization of azo chromophores by UV irradiation with a high pressure mercury lamp and Z–E thermal relaxation were studied both in solution and film. An azo urethane model and a synthetic mixture of polyurethane cationomer with azobenzene were used for comparison. 相似文献
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J T Luo 《Coloration Technology》1992,108(10):446-449
The effect of printing silk fabrics in the presence sulphamic acid has been investigated. Sulphamic acid introduces sulphonate groups into silk's structure and confers good resist properties for acid dyes on silk. An increased uptake of basic dyes has also been found. The light fastness of such dyeings was better than on ungrafted silk, being similar to values obtained on acrylic substrates. White and coloured resist effects have been investigated. 相似文献