20CrNiMo钢表面磁控溅射制备TiN/ZrN多层薄膜的形貌及摩擦学性能

利用非对称双极脉冲磁控溅射技术在20CrNiMo钢表面制备了TiN/ZrN多层薄膜,利用扫描电子显微镜和原子力显微镜观察了薄膜的截面和表面形貌,用划痕仪测试了薄膜与基体的结合力,通过球-盘摩擦磨损试验机对薄膜的摩擦学性能进行了研究。结果表明:制备的TiN/ZrN多层薄膜厚度约为2.1μm,薄膜均匀且致密,表面粗糙度为13.63nm;薄膜与基体结合较牢固,临界载荷达到51.0N;薄膜具有优良的减摩性,摩擦因数为0.16,较基体20CrNiMo钢的0.33明显减小,使该钢的耐磨性能得到提高。     

电流作用方式对纳米TiN/Ni复合镀层组织与力学性能的影响

采用添加了纳米TiN的氨基磺酸镍系镀液,利用超声电沉积方法在45钢基体上制备了纳米TiN/Ni复合镀层,对比研究了直流、单脉冲、正负脉冲等3种电流作用方式对镀层表面形貌、纳米TiN含量及分布、界面结合力、显微硬度和摩擦磨损性能的影响。结果表明:与直流电沉积相比,脉冲电沉积镀层的晶粒细小、表面平整、表面裂纹少、界面结合力高,且正负脉冲电沉积的界面结合力高于单脉冲电沉积的;脉冲电沉积更易沉积纳米TiN粒子,且正负脉冲电沉积TiN的沉积速率大于单脉冲的;正负脉冲电沉积镀层的显微硬度最高,摩擦磨损性能最佳,直流电沉积的最差。     

基体偏压对真空脉冲过滤弧沉积TiN涂层表面粗糙度的影响

采用离子束辅助真空脉冲过滤弧沉积技术,在硬质合金基体上制备了TiN涂层。对涂层的物理性能和机械性能进行了分析,利用XRD、SEM分别对不同基体偏压下沉积涂层的相组成和表面形貌进行了分析与观察,利用光学轮廓仪对涂层表面轮廓和表面粗糙度进行了测量,分析了基体偏压对TiN涂层表面粗糙度的影响。     

Ti/TiN复合膜工艺优化及性能研究

利用正交试验和极差分析方法，分析了多弧离子镀Ti／TiN复合膜中工艺参数（弧电流、氮气分压、基体负偏压、钛过渡层厚度）对Ti／TiN复合膜的纳米硬度和膜与基体的结合力的影响及主次关系，并通过正交试验对工艺参数进行了优化。研究表明，氮气分压和弧电流是影响Ti／TiN复合膜纳米硬度的2个最主要因素，膜层与基体的结合力随着弧电流的增加而下降；升高基体负偏压，虽然可以提高Ti／TiN复合膜纳米硬度和膜与基体的结合力，但是高负偏压将急剧升高基体温度，可能导致基体退火；沉积一定厚度的钛过渡层可以显著提高TiN膜层与基体的结合力。     

TiN复合渗镀层摩擦磨损性能的研究

介绍了一种同时利用等离子尖端放电、空心阴极效应和反应气相沉积技术,在碳钢表面形成具有扩散层和沉积层的TiN复合渗镀层新工艺技术。对TiN复合渗镀层、TiN复合渗镀层+TiN薄膜(PVD法)以及在碳钢基体表面直接沉积TiN薄膜(PVD法)这三种工艺试样的表面形貌、硬度、摩擦磨损进行了对比研究。结果表明TiN复合渗镀层+TiN薄膜,其表面形貌是较为均匀、致密、细小的胞状物组织,平均硬度达到2500HV左右,磨损曲线最平稳、平均摩擦系数最小,耐磨性比较好。复合渗镀层厚度可达十几微米以上,并且成分、硬度、结构均呈梯度分布,与基体是冶金结合,结合力非常好,所以其磨痕最浅。     

物理气相沉积TiN薄膜疲劳磨损形貌的AFM观测

采用物理气相沉积工艺在高速钢表面沉积TiN薄膜,研究了TiN薄膜的疲劳磨损过程。采用原子力显微镜(AFM)观测分析了表面疲劳点蚀的形貌特征。试验结果表明:较厚TiN薄膜具有较低的疲劳磨损寿命,而较薄的TiN膜层具有较高的疲劳磨损寿命。在试验的初始阶段,磨损轨迹上都出现大量显微凹坑,AFM观测分析可知显微凹坑起源于薄膜表面,呈菱形状。随试验的进行,较薄的TiN薄膜出现典型的疲劳麻坑,而较厚的TiN薄膜在薄膜与基体的界面处形成疲劳裂纹,并出现严重的剥层和断裂。     

辉光合成TiN/TiB2复合渗镀层摩擦性能的研究

利用等离子尖端放电、空心阴极效应和反应气相沉积技术，在碳钢表面形成具有扩散层和沉积层的TiN渗镀层，然后在此渗镀层表面沉积（PVD法）TiB2薄膜，形成TiN／TiB2复合渗镀层。并且将其与在碳钢基体表面直接沉积（PVD法）TiB2薄膜进行表面形貌、硬度、摩擦磨损性能对比。结果表明：TiN／TiB2复合渗镀层厚度可达十几微米，成分和硬度呈梯度分布，与基体是冶金结合，结合力好，无剥落现象。表面是均匀、致密、细小的胞状组织。表面平均硬度HV 2600，平均摩擦因数小，耐磨性好。     

双层辉光等离子渗金属技术制备TiN渗层及其耐NaOH溶液腐蚀性能

采用双层辉光等离子渗金属技术在Q235钢表面上制备了TiN渗层;对渗层的组织、硬度、成分和相结构及其耐NaOH溶液腐蚀性能进行了研究.结果表明:该渗层是由TiN颗粒均匀分布的扩散层及表面TiN沉积层组成的梯度结构;渗层表面形貌为胞状组织,颗粒致密均匀,表面为金黄色,渗层厚度可达16μm,与基体实现了冶金结合;渗层表面钛...     

海上风电轴承防腐喷涂工艺及涂层性能分析

为满足海上风电轴承防腐寿命大于25 a的需求,对风电轴承防腐喷涂工艺及性能展开了研究。对风电轴承钢喷涂前处理工艺进行了优化,选择了喷锌层厚度及中间漆、面漆类型,研究了不同喷漆层组合的结合力和耐蚀性,结果表明：基体表面清洁度等级为2.5～3.5,表面粗糙度Rz值为80～125μm时,防腐层的结合力可以满足不小于5 MPa的要求;基体采用“喷锌+聚酰胺环氧漆+双组份聚氨酯漆”的防腐层组合时,耐中性盐雾试验和湿热试验的时间均大于2 400 h,可以满足海上风电轴承耐久性设计年限要求;采用优化工艺进行防腐喷涂处理,各项指标均能达到相关标准要求。     

氮化钛硬质薄膜的制备和性能分析

研究热阴极离子镀设备制备TiN薄膜膜层的主要性能。采用自主研发的XH-830型热阴极离子镀膜机,在硬质合金ZK1基体上制备TiN薄膜;利用X射线衍射仪,自动划痕仪,显微硬度计和扫描电镜对薄膜进行了结构分析和性能检测。采用XH-830镀膜机能制备单一的TiN薄膜,膜层晶体为细小的柱状晶,膜-基结合力能达到81N,TiN硬度达到2240HV以上,经切削试验证明,能提高被镀刀片寿命30％。     

复合氮化合物薄膜的研究

采用多源PVD技术在YG8硬质合金基体上分别沉积了Ti N和Ti NX薄膜,利用X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜以及多功能材料表面试验仪,研究了多种元素的添加对Ti N涂层微观结构、断口和表面形貌的影响。结果表明:添加多种元素可使Ti N涂层的微观结构发生明显变化,能有效控制膜的结晶和生长模式,改变传统的(111)面的单一取向,从原来的(111)的择优取向,转变为(200)、(111)、(220)共同取向;Ti NX涂层的断口呈非柱状结构,表面粗糙度小于Ti N,具有更为均匀致密的结晶结构和光整的表面形貌,趋于Ti Al N薄膜的显微硬度,一致的结晶组织结构、有效的沉积效率、良好的膜基结合力有利于厚膜Ti N的制备;相对于Ti N,寿命可提高50%-100%。     

Investigation of the performance of carbide cutting tools with hard coatings in hard milling based on the response surface methodology

Machining of hard materials has become a great challenge for several decades. One of the problems in this machining process is early tool wear, and this affects the machinability of hard materials. In order to increase machinability, cutting tools are widely coated with nanostructured physical vapor deposition hard coatings. The main characteristics of such advanced hard coatings are high microhardness and toughness as well as good adhesion to the substrate. In this paper, the influence of hard coatings (nanolayer AlTiN/TiN, multilayer nanocomposite TiAlSiN/TiSiN/TiAlN, and commercially available TiN/TiAlN) and cutting parameters (cutting speed, feed rate, and depth of cut) on cutting forces and surface roughness were investigated during face milling of AISI O2 cold work tool steel (～61 HRC). The experiments were conducted based on 3¹³ factorial design by response surface methodology, and response surface equations of cutting forces and surface roughness were obtained. In addition, the cutting forces obtained with the coated and uncoated tools were compared. The results showed that the interaction of coating type and depth of cut affects surface roughness. The hard coating type has no significant effect on cutting forces, while the cutting force F _z is approximately two times higher in the case of uncoated tool.     

Adhesion and abrasive wear resistance of TiN deposited on electrical discharge machined WC–Co cemented carbides

Electrical discharge machining (EDM) is a non-traditional machining method extensively used to manufacture complex geometries of hard and brittle materials such as WC–Co cemented carbides (CC). Although the thermal action of the EDM process is known to yield a relatively poor surface integrity in these materials, it may be minimized through the implementation of multi-step sequential EDM and post-EDM surface treatments. Particularly, hard coating application has been demonstrated to be effective for decreasing the EDM-induced mechanical degradation. However, additional studies are required on such coating–EDMed substrate systems to determine other crucial properties in terms of applications, e.g. adhesion and micro-scale wear behaviour. In this work the adhesion strength and the microabrasive wear resistance of TiN deposited on EDMed substrates have been evaluated by means of scratch and crater grinder testing, respectively. The results indicate that both critical load for decohesion of the coating from the substrate and coating specific wear rate increase with finer-executed EDM, reaching values close to those measured for a TiN coating deposited on a ground and polished substrate.     

C离子注入对硬质合金刀具TiN涂层性能的影响

在硬质合金刀具上沉积了PVD—TiN涂层,并采用C离子注入技术对其进行表面改性处理。对涂层截面的微观形貌、显微硬度以及与基体附着力的测试结果表明,C离子注入可使TiN涂层的显微组织细密均匀化,并能明显提高涂层的显微硬度以及与基体的附着力。     

Substrate Effects on the Micro/Nanomechanical Properties of TiN Coatings

Nanoindentation and nanoscratch tests were performed for titanium nitride (TiN) coatings on different tool steel substrates to investigate the indentation/scratch induced deformation behavior of the coatings and the adhesion of the coating–substrate interfaces and their tribological property. In this work, TiN coatings with a thickness of about 500 nm were grown on GT35, 9Cr18 and 40CrNiMo steels using vacuum magnetic-filtering arc plasma deposition. In the nanoindentation tests, the hardness and modulus curves for TiN/GT35 reduced the slowest around the film thickness 500 nm with the increase of indentation depth, followed by TiN/9Cr18 and TiN/40CrNiMo. Improving adhesion properties of coating and substrate can decrease the differences of internal stress field. The scratch tests showed that the scratch response was controlled by plastic deformation in the substrate. The substrate plays an important role in determining the mechanical properties and wear resistance of such coatings. TiN/GT35 exhibited the best load-carrying capacity and scratch/wear resistance. As a consequence, GT35 is the best substrate for TiN coatings of the substrate materials tested.     

Characterization of multilayer pvd nanocoatings deposited on tungsten carbide cutting tools

The present trends in the coating technologies are gradient coatings, metastable coatings, multicomponaent coatings and multilayer or super lattice coatings. The physical vapour deposition (PVD) process is well-suited technology for these advanced coating technologies. The performance of the coated tools can be improved considerably using multi-layer micro and nanocoatings. The present paper discusses the deposition and characterization of multilayer TiN/Al₂O₃ coatings on cemented tungsten carbide cutting tools using reactive sputtering. The characterization of the coatings was carried out using X-ray diffraction (XRD) for phase analysis, chemical composition using EDAX, adhesion and toughness evaluation using Rockwell indentation test and surface roughness. It was observed that with decrease in thickness of each alumina layer to nanolevel in multilayer coating system results considerable improvement in final surface finish, adhesion and toughness of the coating. The experimental results are presented and analyzed in this paper.     

高结合力工模具TiN涂层的制备

本文分析了电弧离子镀TiN涂层各工艺参数的相互关系,提出了以镀膜温度为主控参数的工艺设计思路;探讨了TiN涂层膜/基结合强度与涂层组织结构的关系和制备高结合力涂层的技术方法。     

Adhesion Force Measurements of Polymer Particles by Detachment Field Method

The adhesion force distributions of polymer particles to aluminum substrates were measured by the detachment field method. Polymer particles with conducting surface treatment were used for the measurements.Further the conventional detachment field method was modified to be applicable to the adhesion force measurements of a single particle. The adhesion force of the polymer particles increased with an increase in relative humidity. The surface roughness of the substrate influenced the adhesion forces of particles significantly. The influence of the CF4 plasma treatment of the polymer particles and thin layer coating of the substrate surface on the adhesion forces of the polymer particles was also studied, and factors affecting adhesion forces of polymer particles are discussed.     

A fuzzy logic predictive model for better surface roughness of Ti–TiN coating on AL7075-T6 alloy for longer fretting fatigue life

In this study, the fretting fatigue resistance of AL7075-T6 alloy is investigated using surface treatment Ti–TiN multilayer coating by physical vapor deposition (PVD) magnetron sputtering technique. A fuzzy logic model was established to forecast the surface roughness of Ti–TiN coating on AL7075-T6 with respect to changes in the input process parameters of DC power, temperature, DC bias voltage, and nitrogen flow rate. The results indicate an agreement between the fuzzy model and experimental results with 95.349% accuracy. The fretting fatigue lives of Ti–TiN-coated specimens with the lowest surface roughness resulting from fuzzy logic were enhanced by 18% at low cyclic fatigue, while at high cyclic fatigue the result was reversed.