润滑条件下WC-CoCr涂层的磨损行为

研究了在润滑条件下,WC-CoCr涂层与SiC摩擦副对磨时的摩擦和磨损性能,分析了加载载荷和润滑条件(干摩擦、润滑脂、金刚石研磨膏)对WC-CoCr涂层摩擦系数和磨损量的影响规律,对涂层的磨损机理进行了探讨。实验结果表明:脂润滑时,WC-CoCr涂层与SiC摩擦副对磨时的摩擦系数和磨损率降为最小,其中摩擦系数基本在0.1左右波动;金刚石研磨膏润滑时,磨损率高达1.521 24×10-6 g/m,为干摩擦条件下的2.68倍,抗磨减摩效果不理想;干摩擦时,涂层表面存在硬挤压痕,主要磨损机制为微切削并伴随着塑性变形,而在金刚石研磨膏润滑条件下,三体磨粒磨损起主导作用。     

等离子喷涂纳米氧化锆涂层摩擦性能研究

利用大气等离子喷涂技术,在不锈钢基体上用不同颗粒尺寸的纳米粉末制备了两种纳米氧化锆涂层S1(平均粒度较小颗粒的喷雾造粒粉末所得)和B1(平均粒度较大颗粒的喷雾造粒粉末所得).运用XRD、SEM、TEM、拉曼光谱和金相技术等分析手段对喷涂用的粉末原料和涂层的显微结构、物相组成进行了观察与确定;利用环-块摩擦试验在干摩擦条件下对涂层的摩擦磨损性能进行了测试.结果表明,两种氧化锆涂层的摩擦系数均随载荷增大而减小.在较低载荷(100 N)条件下,S1涂层与不锈钢的摩擦系数低于B1涂层与不锈钢的摩擦系数;而在较高(400 N)载荷下,两种氧化锆涂层的摩擦系数开始趋于一致.其原因在于:较低的载荷下两种涂层与不锈钢摩擦副的摩擦磨损机制不同,S1涂层的磨损属于粘着磨损,B1涂层的磨损属于磨粒磨损;而在较高载荷下,两种涂层的磨损机制趋于一致,均为粘着磨损.     

热轧钢/热轧钢摩擦副干摩擦高温摩擦行为的研究

用多功能SRV试验机评价了热轧钢/热轧钢摩擦副在干摩擦条件下的高温减摩抗磨性能,并对高温磨损表面进行了分析.结果表明,在试验范围内热轧钢/热轧钢摩擦副的高温摩擦系数随时间的延长呈增长趋势,增长趋势的快慢与试验参数有关,高速时的高温摩擦系数明显低于低速时的高温摩擦系数;大量氧化铁磨屑的产生是造成热轧钢/热轧钢摩擦副高温摩擦系数上下波动的主要原因.试验速度对热轧钢/热轧钢摩擦副的高温磨损机理有很大的影响,在高速（0.32m/s）条件下,高温磨损机理主要是磨粒磨损;而在低速（0.10m/s）条件下,高温磨损机理主要是粘着磨损.     

超音速火焰喷涂NiCrC涂层的滑动摩擦磨损行为

采用空气助燃超音速火焰(HVAF)喷涂技术,分别以相同成分的气雾化合金粉体和低温球磨纳米晶合金粉体作为喂料,制备出高质量的耐磨耐蚀粗晶和纳米晶NiCrC合金涂层。利用SRV摩擦磨损试验机、表面形貌仪和扫描电镜等设备对两种涂层和45钢试样的滑动摩擦磨损行为进行了对比研究。结果表明:在载荷为10～30 N的无润滑剂常温滑动摩擦条件下,两种涂层具有较为接近的滑动摩擦系数,但纳米晶NiCrC涂层的抗磨损性能远优于常规粗晶涂层。三种测试材料都呈现出磨粒磨损和粘着磨损的特征,随着载荷的增加,磨损程度逐渐加剧,同时粘着磨损的特征更加突出。此外,两种涂层材料在磨损过程中都出现了颗粒部分或整体剥落的现象,加剧了涂层的磨损程度。     

放电等离子烧结铁基非晶涂层的滑动与冲蚀磨损性能

目的研究放电等离子烧结的Fe_(48)Cr_(15)Mo_(14)Y_2C_(15)B_6非晶涂层在滑动和冲刷条件下的耐磨性。方法利用放电等离子烧结(SPS)技术,制备Fe基非晶态合金涂层。通过滑动磨损实验和冲蚀磨损试验,分别评价非晶涂层的滑动磨损性能和冲蚀磨损性能,并通过X射线衍射仪和扫描电子显微镜分析非晶涂层的组织结构以及磨损形貌。结果非晶涂层在滑动摩擦条件下,随着载荷由10 N增加至20 N,磨损率由0.089×10~(-3)mm~3/m上升到0.216×10~(-3)mm~3/m,但摩擦系数由0.841减小到0.778。非晶涂层在冲蚀磨损条件下的体积磨损率随着冲蚀角度(30°~90°)的增加,先增大后减小,45°时达到极大值(15.80 mm~3/h)。磨损表面形貌表明,铁基非晶的滑动磨损机制主要是疲劳磨损和粘着磨损,冲蚀磨损机制主要表现为构成涂层的粉末颗粒的脆性剥落。结论与常用AISI 52100轴承钢相比,SPS制备的非晶涂层在滑动摩擦条件下有着显著的低磨损率和低摩擦系数,但在冲蚀磨损条件下的耐磨性能较差。     

电弧喷涂NiAl涂层摩擦磨损性能研究

利用双丝电弧喷涂技术在6061 -T6铝合金基底上制备了NiAl-95/05和NiAl-80/20两种不同成分的镍铝涂层.采用扫描电镜(Scanning electron microscope,SEM)、X射线衍射仪(X-ray diffraction,XRD)、显微硬度计等设备对两种涂层的微观组织结构及特性进行对比分析,并采用滑动摩擦和滑动磨损试验方法,研究了两种涂层的滑动摩擦磨损性能.结果表明,两种涂层均与基体结合紧密,无裂纹;NiAl-95/05涂层中的主相为(Ni)固溶体,而NiAl-80/20涂层中主要组成相为Ni3Al和NiAl; NiAl-95/05涂层和NiAl-80/20涂层显微硬度的平均值分别为219 HV和312 HV.摩擦磨损试验结果表明,在干态和水润湿条件下,NiAl-80/20涂层的滑动摩擦系数较大;而在油润湿条件下,两种涂层的滑动摩擦系数基本相等;显微硬度和滑动摩擦系数共同决定了涂层的滑动磨损性能,NiAl-80/20涂层的滑动磨损性能明显优于NiAl-95/05涂层.     

CrAISiN涂层与不同材料配副时的摩擦学特性

目的 研究CrAlSiN涂层分别与304不锈钢、TC4钛合金、Al2O3陶瓷和GCr15钢四种不同材料配副时的摩擦学特性.方法 采用阴极电弧离子镀技术在M35高速钢上制备了CrAlSiN涂层,采用扫描电镜(SEM)、显微硬度计、划痕仪、球-盘式摩擦磨损试验仪和3D轮廓仪分别测试了涂层的结构和性能.结果 CrAlSiN涂层与304不锈钢、TC4钛合金和GCr15钢配副时的磨损形式为粘着磨损和磨粒磨损,其中与亲和性高的304不锈钢、TC4钛合金粘着磨损严重.CrAlSiN涂层与不锈钢对磨时,摩擦系数最高,达到0.71;与GCr15钢对磨时,摩擦系数最低,但摩擦系数波动大;与钛合金对磨时,摩擦系数介于两者之间.CrAlSiN涂层与亲和性较差的Al2O3陶瓷之间的磨损形式为磨粒磨损,随着磨损的进行,摩擦系数逐渐降低.结论 CrAlSiN涂层与亲和性较高的材料对磨时,磨损形式为粘着磨损和磨粒磨损,与亲和性较差的Al2O3对磨时为磨粒磨损.     

两种NiCrAlY涂层的室温摩擦磨损性能

分别测试在CrNi3MoVA钢表面溅射NiCrAlY涂层和电火花沉积NiCrAlY涂层的室温摩擦磨损性能,研究了磨损机制.结果表明:在稳定磨损阶段,两种涂层的摩擦系数均低于基体,其中电火花沉积层的摩擦系数最小,具有显著的减摩效果.溅射涂层的磨损机制主要是粘着磨损,而电火花沉积层的磨损机制主要是微切削磨料磨损.     

复合CrTiAlN涂层的摩擦磨损性能及其温度的影响

论文采用物理沉积技术在M2高速钢制备多元复合CrTiAlN涂层。采用发射扫描电子显微镜、能谱仪、激光共聚焦扫描显微镜和球-盘式高温摩擦磨损试验机等分析手段对涂层的摩擦学行为进行研究。研究结果表明,涂层的摩擦系数随环境温度升高呈上升趋势。室温下涂层的摩擦系数约0.24,摩擦系数随时间变化曲线平缓;200℃时,摩擦初期涂层的摩擦系数随时间变化波动剧烈,半小时后进入稳定摩擦阶段,摩擦系数在0.53左右。同时,CrTiAlN涂层的磨损率也随环境温度升高呈上升趋势。高温摩擦时,摩擦随时间变化曲线波动很大,对磨球的受磨损程度也随温度升高而逐渐上升。涂层的磨损机制主要是氧化磨损、粘着磨损和磨粒磨损的共同作用。     

润滑状态对C/C复合材料摩擦磨损特性的影响

在M-2000型摩擦磨损实验机上,对3种C/C复合材料与40Cr钢配副分别在干态、水润滑、油润滑3种条件下的摩擦磨损行为进行了研究.结果表明:在3种润滑条件下,干态摩擦试样的摩擦系数最大,体积磨损最小;基体炭为树脂浸渍炭的试样在3种试样摩擦系数最高,约为0.141～0.205;水润滑时试样的摩擦系数最小,为0.05～0.10,但体积磨损最大,最高可达7.75 mm3油润滑时试样的摩擦系数和体积磨损均介于干态和水润滑之间;干摩擦时,试样的摩擦系数随着载荷增加而缓慢降低,水润滑和油润滑的摩擦系数则随着载荷的增加而先增加后减少;干态摩擦时材料表面形成了完整的摩擦膜,水润滑和油润滑条件下摩擦膜很薄且不完整;所有润滑条件下试样均以磨粒磨损或犁削磨损为主.     

Study of the influence of microstructural properties on the sliding-wear behavior of HVOF and HVAF sprayed WC-cermet coatings

The microstructural properties of WC-Co-Cr and WC-Co coatings deposited by high-velocity oxygen fuel (HVOF) and high-velocity air fuel (HVAF) processes were investigated. The tribological behavior of the coatings was studied by means of pin-on-disk tests. Microcracking of the HVOF sprayed WC-Co coatings did not allow preparation of suitable disks for wear tests. The wear rates of the remaining coatings were determined, and wear tracks on the coatings and counterbodies were investigated by SEM. The HVAF sprayed coatings showed greater sliding-wear resistance compared to the HVOF coatings. The prime wear mechanism in the WC-Co HVAF coatings was adhesive wear. The cobalt matrix is lubricious, resulting in very low wear rates and low debris generation. The main wear mechanisms in the WC-Co-Cr coatings were adhesive and abrasive wear. Adhesive wear results in coating material dislodgments (i.e., “pullouts”) that become trapped in the contact zone and act as a third-body abrasive. Particle pullout from the coating significantly increases the wear rate of the coated specimen. The HVAF/WC-Co-Cr coatings exhibited better resistance to particle pullout, resulting in a considerably lower wear rate than the HVOF/WC-Co-Cr coatings.     

Reactive HVOF sprayed TiN-matrix composite coating and its corrosion and wear resistance properties

TiN-matrix composite coating was prepared on 45# steel by reactive high-velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF) spraying. Its microstructure, phase composition, micro-hardness, corrosion resistance in 3.5% NaCl solution and wear resistance were analyzed. The results suggest that the TiN-matrix composite coating is well bonded with the substrate. The micro-hardness measured decreases with the increase of applied test loads. And the micro-hardness of the coating under heavy loads is relatively high. The TiN-matrix composite coating exhibits an excellent corrosion resistance in 3.5% NaCl solution. The corrosion potential of coating is positive and the passivation zone is broad, which indicates that the TiN-matrix composite coating is stable in the electrolyte and provides excellent protection to the substrate. The wear coefficient of the coating under all loads maintains at 0.49–0.50. The wear mechanism of the coating is revealed to be three-body abrasive wear. Yet the failure forms of TiN-matrix composite coating under different loads have an obvious difference. The failure form of coating under light loads is particle spallation due to the stress concentration while that of coating under heavy loads is cracking between inter-lamellae.     

超音速火焰喷涂Cr3C2-NiCr涂层磨粒磨损行为

采用橡胶轮磨损实验机，对不同工艺条件下三种类型粉末制备的HOVF Cr3C2-25％NiCr涂层进行了磨粒磨损实验，发现该涂层的磨损失重量与磨程基本呈现线性关系，磨损率远低于低碳钢。氧气流量，燃气流量适中的条件下制备的涂层磨损率较低，用团聚致密化工艺制备的粉末沉积的涂层耐磨粒磨损性能较好，涂层的磨损机制主要为先期的粘结相优先切削和随后的碳化物剥落，其中碳化物的剥落对磨损过程起制约作用。     

HVOF喷涂AlCoCrFeNi高熵合金涂层在模拟海水钻井液中的腐蚀和磨损性能研究

目的 提高钻具关键易损零部件在海洋钻探实际应用中的耐腐蚀和磨损性能。方法 采用超音速火焰喷涂技术（HVOF）制备Al CoCrFeNi高熵合金涂层。使用电化学工作站对涂层和35CrMo钢基体（常用的钻具材料）进行电化学测试,电化学测试包括动电位极化曲线测试和电化学阻抗谱（EIS）测试。采用摩擦磨损试验机对涂层在模拟海水钻井液中不同载荷和不同滑动速度下的磨损行为进行研究。采用扫描电子显微镜及X射线能谱仪对磨痕表面微观形貌及成分进行分析,利用三维白光干涉形貌仪测量涂层的磨痕三维形貌及磨损体积。结果 HVOF喷涂Al Co Cr Fe Ni高熵合金涂层在模拟海水钻井液中的耐腐蚀性优于35CrMo钢基体,可以起到有效的腐蚀防护作用。相同条件下,Al CoCrFeNi高熵合金涂层的耐磨性优于35CrMo钢基体。在滑动摩擦磨损过程中,随着载荷及滑动速度的增大,涂层的平均摩擦系数和磨损率均增大,且涂层的磨粒磨损程度加重。当载荷为6 N时,涂层发生疲劳磨损;当滑动速度为0.15 m/s时,涂层出现粘着磨损。模拟海水钻井液对涂层磨损性能的影响可以分为2个方面。一方面可以起到润滑作用,模拟海水钻井液显著改...     

HVOF喷涂WC-10Co4Cr涂层的性能及滑动磨损机理

目的研究WC-10Co4Cr涂层的耐滑动磨损性能及机理。方法在0Cr13Ni5Mo不锈钢基体上,采用超音速火焰喷涂(HVOF)制备了WC-10Co4Cr金属陶瓷涂层。分析了WC-10Co4Cr涂层的物相组成、显微组织,并测试了其硬度、结合强度、孔隙率及在560 r/min和1120 r/min转速下的滑动磨损性能。结果涂层的显微硬度为1325HV0.2,结合强度为72 MPa。涂层组织致密,孔隙率为0.76%。在560 r/min下磨损10h,涂层与基体的磨损失重比为1:138.36;在1120 r/min下磨损10 h,涂层与基体的磨损失重比为1:127.44。结论在滑动摩擦磨损的初期,涂层的磨损失效机制主要表现为磨粒磨损。随着滑动速度的增大,涂层的磨损失效机制主要表现为疲劳磨损。     

不同参数下超音速火焰喷涂Cr_3C_2-NiCr涂层磨粒磨损性能

通过超音速火焰(HVOF)技术,采用不同的工艺参数在低碳钢表面喷涂Cr_3C_2-NiCr涂层;对所得涂层进行磨粒磨损实验.同时考察低碳钢磨损性能,比较喷涂层之间的磨损性能及其与基体的磨损性能.采用光学金相显微镜观察涂层断面的形貌,通过显微硬度计测试涂层的显微硬度.结果表明.Cr_3C_2-NiCr涂层磨损质量损失与磨程基本呈线性关系;涂层的磨损性能高于低碳钢;不同参数制备的涂层,其磨粒磨损性能也不一样,其中燃气流量为38 L/min时的涂层磨损性能较好,该条件下涂层的断面显微组织呈现层状结构,其显微硬度也较高.     

Behaviour of shot peening combined with WC-Co HVOF coating under complex fretting wear and fretting fatigue loading conditions

This study investigated the fretting and fretting fatigue performance of tungsten carbide-cobalt (WC-Co) HVOF spray coating systems. Fretting wear and fretting fatigue tests of specimens with shot peening and WC-Co coatings on 30NiCrMo substrates were also performed. The WC-Co coating presents very good wear resistance by decreasing the energy wear coefficient (α) under fretting conditions by more than 9 times. The tested coating reduces crack nucleation under both fretting and fretting fatigue situations. Finally the crack arrest conditions are evaluated by the combined fretting and fretting fatigue investigation. It is shown and explained how and why this combined surface treatment (i.e., shot peening and WC-Co) presents a very good compromise against wear and cracking fretting damage.     

Sliding wear evaluation of hot isostatically pressed thermal spray ceramet coatings

The principal aim of this study was to compare the sliding wear performance of as-sprayed and Hot Isostatically Pressed (HIPed) thermal spray cermet (WC-12Co) coatings. Results indicate that HIPing technique can be successfully applied to post-treat thermal spray cermet coatings for improved sliding wear performance, not only in terms of coating wear, but also in terms of the total volume loss for test couples. WC-12Co coatings sprayed by a HVOF system were deposited on SUJ-2 bearing steel substrate and then encapsulated and HIPed at 850 °C for one hour. A high frequency reciprocating ball on plate rig was used to measure the sliding wear resistance of these coatings in dry conditions under steel and ceramic contact configurations at two different loads. Results are discussed in terms of coating microstructure, microhardness, fracture toughness and residual stress evaluations. Microstructural investigations indicate fundamental changes in grain morphology, whereas x-ray diffraction revealed beneficial transformations in phase composition of these coatings during the HIPing post treatment. The effects of these microstructural changes on the physical properties and wear resistance are discussed.     

Microstructure and sliding wear behavior of nanostructured Ni60-TiB2 composite coating sprayed by HVOF technique

A nanostructured Ni60-TiB₂ composite coating (Ni60 is a brand of Ni-based self-fluxing alloy with a hardness of HRC60) was sprayed on steel substrate by high velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF) process using high energy ball milled powders. Its sliding wear resistance at room-temperature was evaluated by ball-on-disc testing. For comparison, conventional Ni60-TiB₂ composite coating was prepared by HVOF using mechanically mixed Ni60 and TiB₂ powders and tested under the same conditions. The results show that the nanostructured composite coating has excellent mechanical properties and sliding wear resistance due to the microstructural homogenization and the well preserved nanostructure characteristic of the ball milled powders. Adhesive and abrasive wears are found to be responsible for the wear down mechanisms of the nanostructured Ni60-TiB₂ composite coating.