球头铣刀高速铣削Cr12模具钢的振动特性分析

利用球头铣刀高速铣削Cr12模具钢,研究了切削速度、进给量和切削深度对主轴和刀具切削振动的影响变化规律,结果表明随着切削速度的增加,工件振动增加缓慢,而主轴的振动迅速增加,远超过工件的振动成为主振动,主轴进给方向的振动要小于非进给方向的振动。在小进给时,随着进给速度增加各向切削振动而迅速下降,在大进给速度时,各向振动随进给速度增加保持平稳;各通道的切削振动都随着切削深度的增大而增长,因此在高速铣削过程中,主轴振动为主振动,是影响加工表面质量的主要因素。     

医用球头铣刀铣削力模型与实验验证

在骨科手术中经常使用球头铣刀对骨材料进行加工,在此过程中铣削力大小的精准控制是改善手术质量的关键,但目前尚缺乏理论模型预测骨材料加工过程中的铣削力。本文将球头铣刀离散成沿切削刃分布的切削微元,并用球头铣刀的结构参数表达切削微元的位置。通过分析切削微元的铣削力模型最终积分得到整个球头铣刀的铣削力模型,并以人工骨为铣削材料设计了三个不同工艺参数的实验来验证模型预测值的准确性。结果表明,该模型能较准确地预测球头铣刀在不同工艺参数下的铣削力。     

一种螺旋刃球头铣刀的动态铣削力模型

针对高速铣削中广泛应用的螺旋刃球头铣刀建立刀具微元的铣削力模型,给出了瞬时切削厚度的计算方法,通过积分得出了一种新的整体铣削力模型。该模型考虑了动态铣削时刀杆振动对铣削力的影响,实验数据与仿真结果吻合较好,验证了该模型的正确性。     

6061铝合金球头铣刀铣削力模型的实验研究

根据4因素4水平法正交实验法设计实验方案,运用正交回归分析方法建立了球头铣刀切削力经验公式,对该回归方程和系数进行显著性检验,并通过铣削实验.验证所求公式的准确性.文中利用试验方法分析了铣削用量与铣削力的相互关系,为进一步优选铣削用量和薄壁件变形分析奠定了扎实的基础.     

一种新的螺旋刃球头铣刀铣削力模型

为提高铣削加工的安全性和生产效率，有必要在加工实际进行之前准确地预测切削过程的物理信息，如铣削力、刀具振动等。给出了球头铣刀丸线几何模型，采用理论削力分析与实验--系数识别相结合的方法建立了新的螺旋刃球头铣刀的铣削力模型。对不同切削条件下的铣削力进行了仿真，与实验测量数据吻合良好，证明离线仿真可以对铣削力做出较准确的预测。     

数控平行铣削中球头铣刀行距的确定

介绍了在曲面的数控铣削加工中采用平行铣削时。确定球头铣刀行距的一种计算方法，从而弥补了传统的凭经验确定行距的不足。     

球头铣刀刀刃形状对高速铣削加工的影响

使用精密球头铣刀进行高速铣削加工可以加工出各种形状的曲面，因而在模具生产及单件零件生产中得到了广泛的应用。球头铣刀高速铣削加工的切屑形成过程有它的特殊性。因而适当选择加工参数来调整最小切削厚度可以获得更好的铣削过程。     

基于傅立叶级数的球头刀铣削力模型

球头刀铣削广泛应用于复杂曲面零件的加工,精确的铣削力模型是加工过程控制优化的基础。本文分析了球头刀的铣削过程,将剪切系数拟为微元刀刃轴向高度的多项式,对考虑剪切与犁切双重效应的周期性铣削力进行傅立叶变换,建立了铣削力的傅立叶级数形式。加工实验表明,应用本文方法的预测结果与测量得到的铣削力吻合良好,铣削力模型的有效性得到了验证。     

基于动力学响应的球头刀五轴铣削表面形貌仿真

针对自由曲面球头刀五轴铣削中刀具与工件复杂的位姿关系,利用球头铣削刃的三维次摆线轨迹,提出一种在工件表面等距离间隔缓存残留高度、在刀具端等时间间隔缓存振动响应的双缓存离散机制,分别实现五轴铣削中的名义加工表面形貌建模与系统动态响应轨迹仿真。在此基础上,以切削刃经过工件表面残留区域的时间信息为纽带,利用系统瞬时动态位移响应的插值信息对已加工表面法向残留高度进行修正,建立考虑铣削系统动力学响应的已加工表面形貌预测模型。以变切深、变转速、恒定的刀具倾角与每齿进给量所进行的验证试验表明,提出的球头刀五轴铣削表面形貌建模方法可有效预测颤振工况与稳定铣削工况的加工表面形貌与纹理特征。     

一种螺旋刃球头铣刀的高速加工铣削力模型

研究了高速加工中球头铣刀的铣削力特性。通过综合运用理论建模法和经验系数法,并引入高速切削时引起切屑动量改变所需的作用力,建立了高速切削条件下球头铣刀的铣削力模型。实验验证结果表明,理论计算值与实验测量值吻合良好。     

球头刀具刃形建模与过渡刃设计

针对回转刀具的几何特性,提出了广义螺旋运动概念,并应用这一概念建立了球头刀具典型刀刃曲线的通用数学模型。针对某些刀刃曲线的特殊性质和球队刀具的刃形分布要求,提出了过渡刃的概念及其设计方法。     

球面铣刀制造中的数学模型研究

介绍了球面铣刀成形原理、刃口曲线求解模型、刃口曲线相关参数的优化模型、磨制后刀面的机构和相应数学模型，并用实例验证上述模型的可靠性，最后还讨论了砂轮磨损对刃口曲线的影响。为球面铣刀的国产化提供了参考。     

MODELING OF 5-AXIS MILLING PROCESSES

5-axis milling operations are common in several industries such as aerospace, automotive and die/mold for machining of sculptured surfaces. In these operations, productivity, dimensional tolerance integrity and surface quality are of utmost importance. Part and tool deflections under high cutting forces may result in unacceptable part quality whereas using conservative cutting parameters results in decreased material removal rate. Process models can be used to determine the proper or optimal milling parameters for required quality with higher productivity. The majority of the existing milling models are for 3-axis operations, even the ones for ball-end mills. In this article, a complete geometry and force model are presented for 5-axis milling operations using ball-end mills. The effect of lead and tilt angles on the process geometry, cutter and workpiece engagement limits, scallop height, and milling forces are analyzed in detail. In addition, tool deflections and form errors are also formulated for 5-axis ball-end milling. The use of the model for selection of the process parameters such as lead and tilt angles that result in minimum cutting forces are also demonstrated. The model predictions for cutting forces and tool deflections are compared and verified by experimental results.     

MODELING OF 5-AXIS MILLING PROCESSES

5-axis milling operations are common in several industries such as aerospace, automotive and die/mold for machining of sculptured surfaces. In these operations, productivity, dimensional tolerance integrity and surface quality are of utmost importance. Part and tool deflections under high cutting forces may result in unacceptable part quality whereas using conservative cutting parameters results in decreased material removal rate. Process models can be used to determine the proper or optimal milling parameters for required quality with higher productivity. The majority of the existing milling models are for 3-axis operations, even the ones for ball-end mills. In this article, a complete geometry and force model are presented for 5-axis milling operations using ball-end mills. The effect of lead and tilt angles on the process geometry, cutter and workpiece engagement limits, scallop height, and milling forces are analyzed in detail. In addition, tool deflections and form errors are also formulated for 5-axis ball-end milling. The use of the model for selection of the process parameters such as lead and tilt angles that result in minimum cutting forces are also demonstrated. The model predictions for cutting forces and tool deflections are compared and verified by experimental results.     

AN ANALYTICAL MODEL OF OBLIQUE CUTTING WITH APPLICATION TO END MILLING

A new analytical cutting force model is presented for oblique cutting. Orthogonal cutting theory based on unequal division shear zone is extended to oblique cutting using equivalent plane approach. The equivalent plane angle is defined to determine the orientation of the equivalent plane. The governing equations of chip flow through the primary shear zone are established by introducing a piecewise power law distribution assumption of shear strain rate. The flow stress is calculated from Johnson-cook material constitutive equation. The predictions were compared with test data from the available literature and showed good correlation. The proposed model of oblique cutting was applied to predict the cutting forces in end milling. The helical flutes are decomposed into a set of differential oblique cutting edges. To every engaged tooth element, the differential cutting forces are obtained from oblique cutting process. Experiments on machining AISI 1045 steel under different cutting conditions were conducted to validate the proposed model. It shows that the predicted cutting forces agree with the measurements both in trends and values.     

带再生反馈的柔性立铣刀铣削过程模型

精确合理的铣削过程模型是研究铣削加工表面形貌的关键。首先根据线性弹性体基本假设,将铣削过程中刀杆所受的力和产生的变形均分解为动、静两部分;然后运用微分几何理论,考虑实际切削过程中的再生效应,导出动态铣削力集度表达式,进而建立刀杆的动态变形模型,并构造出一套与之相应的高效快速数值仿真算法,同时还给出刀杆静态变形量的计算方法;最后通过仿真实例说明该模型的合理性。     

GRADE OF STABILITY IN FUZZY CHATTER STABILITY LOBE MODEL IN MILLING

The machining productivity and part quality are typically limited by the regenerative chatter induced by the dynamic interactions of spindle-holder-tool combination system. The conventional chatter stability model predicts the permissible stable axial depth of cut versus spindle speed by plotting the stability lobe diagram which represents two independent regions as absolutely stable zone and instable zone divided by the critical lobe curve. In fact, it is more reasonable to be a transition stage between the stable and instable zone. This paper introduced the grade of stability (GOS) to improve the conventional chatter stability model and study the transition zone in the stability lobe diagram. The variation of transition zone width with the stability sensibilities for different order lobe curve in milling system was analyzed. Sigmoid function was used as the membership function to develop the fuzzy stability lobe model. Then, the fuzzy stability lobe diagram with an adjustable slope coefficient was implemented to improve the mould steel milling process. The improved fuzzy stability model enhances the reliability of stability lobe diagram and guarantees the chatter-free milling process.     

螺旋棒铣刀铣削力建模与仿真

在对螺旋棒铣刀铣削力建模中考虑了切削厚度变化对铣削力影响的指数关系、铣刀偏心对实际切削厚度、切入与切出角、铣削力波动的影响,并提出采用实测各刀齿铣削最大值比求解铣刀偏心和识别铣削力系数的方法。在考虑铣刀偏心因素的情况下仿真与实测的铣削力达到非常好的一致性。提出的铣削力仿真方法充分反映了铣削力的实际状态,提高了铣削力仿真精度。     

MODELING WORKPIECE DYNAMICS USING SETS OF DECOUPLED OSCILLATOR MODELS

During the machining of thin-walled components, the dynamic behavior of the workpiece has a significant influence on the machining process and on the quality of the machined surfaces. In this article, a hybrid simulation concept for modeling regenerative workpiece vibrations is presented, which couples a geometric workpiece model with sets of decoupled harmonic oscillators to take the workpiece dynamics into account.     

STABILITY PREDICTION OF TITANIUM MILLING WITH DATA DRIVEN RECONSTRUCTION OF PHASE-SPACE

Significant research effort has been carried out in the detection of chatter, which is one of the main barriers against titanium milling. State-of-the-art techniques are unable to satisfy requirements of industry in terms of in-process chatter detection. The present study reports the use of sensor-signal driven reconstructed phase space attractors combined with image correlation as a solution of chatter prediction during milling of titanium in industry. The method uses Poincaré sections of reconstructed phase space attractor as patterns to identify the onset of chatter in the apparently random behavior of vibrations in the milling process. Image correlation of Poincaré sections indicates the onset of chatter in the milling process.