Ni对复合储氢合金电化学性能的影响

采用二步重熔法制备了Mm0.3Ml0.7Ni3.55Co0.75Mn0.4Al0.3/5％Mg2Ni复合材料.通过电池程控测试仪测定了Ni添加对复合储氢合金Mm0.3Ml0.7Ni3.55Co075Mn0.4Al0.3/5％Mg2Ni电化学性能的影响.结果表明,添加Ni粉的合金电极经两个循环就可达到最大的放电容量,而未添加Ni的储氢合金电极需要13个循环才能够活化;当羟基镍粉由100％增加到200％时,合金的最大放电容量增幅分别达到7％、11.8％;在大电流放电试验中,添加Ni粉的合金电极呈良好的高倍率放电性能.     

CuxBy表面修饰对Mg50Ni50合金循环稳定性的影响

用机械合金化法合成了CuxBy合金和非晶态Mg50Ni50储氢合金.用同样的方法以CuxBy对非晶态Mg50Ni50合金进行表面修饰.探索了不同组成的CuxBy合金、同一组成不同比例(质量比,下同)的修饰对Mg50Ni50合金电极循环稳定性的影响.结果表明:不同组成的CuxBy合金对Mg50Ni50合金的表面修饰,都不同程度地提高了Mg50Ni50合金电极的循环稳定性.同一组成不同比例的修饰,对Mg50Ni50合金电极循环稳定性改性效果差异较大.当Mg50Ni50:Cu0..9B0.1=5:1时,初始放电容量为465 mAh·g-1,第50个循环放电容量为222 mAh·g-1.在保持高放电容量的前提下,有效地提高了非晶态Mg50Ni50合金电极的循环稳定性.     

Mg(2-x)AlxNi的燃烧合成及其电极性能

采用燃烧合成法合成了三元镁基储氢合金Mg2-xAlxNi(x=0.1~0.5),XRD衍射研究表明合成产物中出现了具有Ti2Ni型立方结构的新相,SEM结果显示合金表面存在大量缺陷.Al元素部分替代Mg对Mg2Ni电化学性能影响的研究表明:Mg2-xAlxNi合金的电化学容量和循环寿命明显优于无Al的Mg2Ni,这归因于新相Mg3AlNi2的结构特点及形成的Al2O3保护层.此外,对合成产物的进一步的机械研磨有助于改进合金的活化行为及电极容量,但无助于循环能力的提高.     

Electrochemical Properties of MgNi-ZrB Hydrogen Storage Alloys

通过机械球磨法制备了一系列的Mg Ni、Zr B和Mg Ni-Zr B储氢合金。通过XRD、SEM、充放电性能、循环伏安、塔菲尔极化曲线、交流阻抗测试,研究了Zr B的添加对Mg Ni合金的储氢性能的影响。结果表面,Zr B的添加大大提高了Mg Ni合金的电化学性能。球磨15 h的Mg Ni-Zr B(100:5)复合物体现出最好的电化学性能,循环20周和50周时的放电容量分别为226和209 m Ah·g-1,远远高于Mg Ni合金的放电容量。动态极化曲线和交流阻抗测试显示Zr B的添加极大的提高了Mg Ni合金的抗腐蚀性能和电化学动力学性能。     

MgNi-ZrB储氢合金的电化学性能(英文)

通过机械球磨法制备了一系列的Mg Ni、Zr B和Mg Ni-Zr B储氢合金。通过XRD、SEM、充放电性能、循环伏安、塔菲尔极化曲线、交流阻抗测试,研究了Zr B的添加对Mg Ni合金的储氢性能的影响。结果表面,Zr B的添加大大提高了Mg Ni合金的电化学性能。球磨15 h的Mg Ni-Zr B(100:5)复合物体现出最好的电化学性能,循环20周和50周时的放电容量分别为226和209 m Ah·g-1,远远高于Mg Ni合金的放电容量。动态极化曲线和交流阻抗测试显示Zr B的添加极大的提高了Mg Ni合金的抗腐蚀性能和电化学动力学性能。     

Al对La—Mg-Ni系贮氢合金电极电化学性能的影响

采用固相扩散法制备La0.7Mg0.3Ni3.5-xAlx(x=0,0.1,0.3,0.7,1.0)和La0.7Mg0.3Ni2.8Co0.7-xAlx(x=0,0.1,0.2,0.3,0.4)贮氧合金,采用X射线衍射、能谱分析及循环伏安等方法分析含金的相结构和电极电化学性能,研究元素Al替代对合金电化学性能的影响.结果表明:合金由LaNi5、La2Ni7和LaNi3三相组成,随着Al替代量的增加,La2Ni7相晶胞逐渐膨胀,LaNi5相大量减少,LaNi3相增加,La2Ni7相有利于合金电化学性能的提高,然而过高的Al含量会对合金的放电性能带来不利影响.La0.7Mg0.3Ni3.4Al0.1和La0.7Mg0.3Ni2.8Co0.6Al0.1合金电极的最大放电容量分别为354.5 mA·h/g和373.1 mA·h/g.循环伏安测试显示较明显的氧化峰和还原峰,且峰电位差较小,反映合金电极较好的吸放氢反应可逆性.     

Mg65Ni21Pr14非晶储氢合金电化学性能研究

采用铜模喷铸法制备了Mg65Ni21Pr14块体非晶合金,研究了该合金在充放电循环过程中组织变化及其对电化学性能的影响。XRD分析表明,非晶合金电极在第6次充放电循环后开始晶化,生成Mg2NiH4和Ni5Pr相。电化学测试表明,Mg65Ni21Pr14非晶合金电极经过3次循环即可活化,其最大放电容量达到429.4 mAh·g-1,经过100次循环后,容量保持率为87.63%。研究表明,非晶结构是实现合金高放电容量和循环稳定性的重要因素。     

Mg-Ni-Y-La非晶合金微观结构转变及电化学性能研究（英文）EI北大核心CSCD

采用铜模喷铸法制备了Mg60Ni23.6Y0.5La15.9块体非晶合金,并对其微观组织结构及电化学性能进行了研究。用XRD和SEM对Mg60Ni23.6Y0.5La15.9非晶合金在充放电过程中的微观结构进行分析。采用自动充放电测试系统对Mg60Ni23.6Y0.5La15.9非晶合金电化学性能进行了测试。结果表明:在吸氢放氢过程中合金的非晶态结构逐步转变为晶态,并且随着循环的进行逐渐形成了Mg2Ni H4、Mg2Ni和Mg(OH)2相。电化学性能测试结果表明:Mg60Ni23.6Y0.5La15.9非晶合金电极的放电容量变化过程可以分为4个阶段,其最大放电容量达到410.5m Ah/g,从而说明非晶结构有可能是非晶电极达到最大放电容量的关键因素。     

Mg_(65)Ni_(10)RE_(25)(RE=La,Ce,Pr,Nd,Mm)非晶储氢合金电极的性能

通过XRD、动电位极化法和放电容量测试等手段对Mg65Ni10RE25的非晶合金电极结构、耐腐蚀性和放电容量等性能进行了分析,并采用表征非晶合金形成能力的参数对其结构和化学稳定性进行了评价。结果表明:设计的Mg65Ni10La25、Mg65Ni10Nd25和Mg65Ni10Mm25具有典型的非晶结构特征。其中,Mg65Ni10Mm25通过增加组元提高了非晶合金的形成能力,同时,较高的原子堆垛密度和强烈的原子间相互作用抑制了晶化的进行,使其具有良好的稳定性;但多组元的添加则加速了合金在溶液中的腐蚀反应,是导致Mg65Ni10Mm25非晶储氢合金电极放电容量降低的主要原因。     

Mg-Ni-Y-La非晶合金微观结构转变及电化学性能研究（英文）

采用铜模喷铸法制备了Mg60Ni23.6Y0.5La15.9块体非晶合金,并对其微观组织结构及电化学性能进行了研究。用XRD和SEM对Mg60Ni23.6Y0.5La15.9非晶合金在充放电过程中的微观结构进行分析。采用自动充放电测试系统对Mg60Ni23.6Y0.5La15.9非晶合金电化学性能进行了测试。结果表明:在吸氢放氢过程中合金的非晶态结构逐步转变为晶态,并且随着循环的进行逐渐形成了Mg2Ni H4、Mg2Ni和Mg(OH)2相。电化学性能测试结果表明:Mg60Ni23.6Y0.5La15.9非晶合金电极的放电容量变化过程可以分为4个阶段,其最大放电容量达到410.5m Ah/g,从而说明非晶结构有可能是非晶电极达到最大放电容量的关键因素。     

Zr在Mg2Ni储氢合金中的作用

采用感应熔炼法制备了Mg2Ni1-xZrx(x=0、0.2、0.4)合金,研究了Zr的添加对Mg系储氢合金储氢性能的影响。对合金的成分和微观组织进行分析,结果表明,Zr较难融入到合金,但是Zr能使得合金晶粒得到细化,且合金中都有Mg2Ni相的形成,有利于吸氢反应的进行。利用PCT测试仪测定了合金的储氢性能,结果表明:添加Zr元素的添加能有效降低Mg2Ni的吸放氢温度,并能有效提高提高合金的吸氢量,最高吸氢量达到4.91wt%。     

ON THE HYDROGEN STORAGE BEHAVIOUR OF ALLOYS La_2Mg_(17) AND La_2Mg_(16)Ni

制备了La_2Mg_(17)和La_2Mg_(16)Ni合金,研究了其贮氢性能。给出了这两种合金的解吸等温线,并据此计算了相应的△H,△S值。解吸等温线的分析表明:La_2Mg_(16)Ni的解吸等温线有分别对应于Mg_2Ni-Mg_2NiH_4以及Mg-MgH_2的两个平台。通过X射线衍射物相分析和电子探针分析,总组成为La_2Mg_(16)Ni的合金实际上是La_2Mg_(17)型和Mg_2Ni型两相混合物。La_2Mg_(16)Ni的氢化产物是La的氢化物以及MgH_2和Mg_2NiH_4。对两种合金还作了常温低压吸氢及常压加热吸氢等应用试验。从研究结果看来,La_2Mg_(17)和La_2Mg_(16)Ni合金是性能较好的贮氢材料。     

La0.7Mg0.3Ni2.55-xCo0.45Alx(x=0～0.4)贮氢合金的循环稳定性

为了提高La-Mg-Ni系贮氢合金的循环稳定性,以Al部分替代Ni,采铸造及快淬工艺制备了La0.7Mg0.3Ni2.55-xCo0.45Alx(x=0,0.1,0.2,0.3,0.4)电极合金,研究了Al替代量及快淬工艺对合金微观结构及电化学循环稳定性的影响。X射线衍射分析结果表明:铸态及快淬态合金具有多相结构,包括(La,Mg)Ni3相、LaNi5相和一定量的LaNi2相;Al替代使铸态合金中LaNi2相的量显著增加,但对快淬态合金中LaNi2相的相丰度影响不显著。电化学测试结果表明:随Al替代量的增加,合金的循环寿命大幅度提高;快淬处理可以提高合金的循环寿命,但随Al替代量的增加,淬速对循环寿命的影响减小。     

La2Mg0.9Al0.1Ni7.5-xCo1.5Mnx贮氢合金的相结构和电化学性能

研究了Mn替代Ni对La2Mg0.9Al0.1Ni7.5-xCo1.5Mnx(x=0,0.3,0.6,0.9)贮氢合金相结构和电化学性能的影响。XRDRietveld全谱拟合分析表明:Mn替代改变了合金的物相组成和物相的丰度。LaNi3相消失,αLa2Ni7相丰度的变化表现为先增加(x=0,0.3)后减少(x=0.6,0.9),LaMgNi4相和La5Ni19相的丰度则随合金中Mn含量x的增加而增加。Mn替代Ni降低了合金的贮氢容量、最大电化学放电容量和活化性能,La2Mg0.9Al0.1Ni7.2Co1.5Mn0.3合金电极表现出最好的电化学循环稳定性,合金的高倍率放电性能随Mn含量的增加降低,这归因于交换电流密度(I0)和氢扩散系数(D)的降低。     

Structure and Electrochemical Hydrogen Storage Properties of as-Milled Mg-Ce-Ni-Al-Based Alloys

At room temperature,crystalline Mg-based alloys,including Mg_2 Ni,MgNi,REMg_(12) and La_2 Mg_(17),have been proved with weak electrochemical hydrogen storage performances.For improving their electrochemical property,the Mg is partially substituted by Ce in Mg-Ni-based alloys and the surface modification treatment is performed by mechanical coating Ni.Mechanical milling is utilized to synthesize the amorphous and nanocrystalline Mg_(1-x)Ce_xNi_(0.9)Al_(0.1)(x=0,0.02,0.04,0.06,0.08)+50 wt%Ni hydrogen storage alloys.The effects made by Ce substitution and mechanical milling on the electrochemical hydrogen storage property and structure have been analyzed.It shows that the as-milled alloys electrochemically absorb and desorb hydrogen well at room temperature.The as-milled alloys,without any activation,can reach their maximal discharge capacities during first cycling.The maximal value of the 30-h-milled alloy depending on Ce content is 578.4 mAh/g,while that of the x=0.08 alloy always grows when prolonging milling duration.The maximal discharge capacity augments from337.4 to 521.2 mAh/g when milling duration grows from 5 to 30 h.The cycle stability grows with increasing Ce content and milling duration.Concretely,the S_(100) value augments from 55 to 82% for the alloy milled for 30 h with Ce content rising from 0 to 0.08 and from 66 to 82% when milling the x=0.08 alloy mechanically from 5 to 30 h.The alloys' electrochemical dynamics parameters were measured as well which have maximum values depending on Ce content and keep growing up with milling duration extending.     

MICROSTRUCTURES OF Mg-Zr,Mg-Zn AND Mg-Zn-Zr ALLOYS

Microstructural studies have been made on the Mg-0.54Zr,Mg-5.68Zn andMg-5.65Zn-0.50Zr alloys in the as-cast and homogenized states.The lenticular plates of{012}twins were found in three alloys.After homogenization,ZrH_2 phase formed in theMg-0.54Zr alloy.The Mg_7Zn_3 phase of cubic structure with a=1.417 nm distributes at thegrain boundaries of the Mg-5.68Zn alloy in the as-cast state and after homogenization,theMg_7Zn_3 phase dissolves and the MgZn_2 phase occurs.The as-cast Mg-5.65Zn-0.50Zr al-loy consists of MgZn_3 phase and Zn-Zr compounds.After homogenization,the dispersedacicular MgZn_2 phase may precipitate.     

Electrochemical characteristics of Mg2−xZrxNi (x = 0–0.6) electrode alloys prepared by mechanical alloying

The electrode alloys Mg_2−xZr_xNi (x = 0, 0.15, 0.3, 0.45 and 0.6) were prepared by mechanical alloying (MA). Mg in the alloy was partially substituted with Zr in order to improve the electrochemical characteristics of the Mg₂Ni-type alloy. The microstructures and the electrochemical characteristics of the experimental alloys were measured systemically. The effects of substituting Mg with Zr and MA technique on the microstructures and electrochemical performances of the alloys were investigated in detail. The results obtained by XRD, SEM and TEM show that the substitution of Zr is favourable for the formation of an amorphous phase. For a fixed milling time, the amorphous phase in the alloy grows with increasing Zr content. The electrochemical measurement indicates that the substitution of Zr can dramatically enhance the discharge capacity with preferable cycle stability, and it markedly improves the discharge voltage characteristic of the alloys. For x ≤ 0.3, the discharge capacity of the alloys monotonically increases with milling time. But for x > 0.3, it has a maximum value with the change of milling time.     

Effect of Zr addition on microstructures and mechanical properties of Ni-46Ti-4Al alloy

The microstructures and mechanical properties of Ni-(46-x)Ti-4Al-xZr (x = 0-8, at.%) alloys have been investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and mechanical tests. The results show that the Ni-Ti-Al-Zr alloys are composed of TiNi and (Ti, Al) 2 Ni with Zr as a solid solution element in both phases, and the third phase, (Zr, Ti, Al) 2 Ni, appears in Ni-40Ti-4Al-6Zr and Ni-38Ti-4Al-8Zr alloys. The compressive yield strength at room temperature increases with the increase of Zr content due to the solid-solution strengthening of Zr and precipitation strengthening of (Ti, Al, Zr) 2 Ni phase. However, the Ni-42Ti-4Al-4Zr alloy exhibits the maximum compressive yield strength at 873 and 973 K because of the softening of (Zr, Ti, Al) 2 Ni phase in the alloys with more Zr addition. The tensile stress-strain tests and the SEM fracture surface observations show that the brittle to ductile transition temperature of Ni-42Ti-4Al-4Zr alloy is between 873 and 923 K.     

Ti对Zr—Mn—V—Ni系合金的微结构和电化学性能的影响

Ｚｒ－Ｍｎ－Ｖ－Ｎｉ合金中Ｚｒ－Ｎｉ金属间化合物与Ｌａｖｅｓ相共存,Ｚｒ０．５Ｔｉ０．５Ｍｎ０．２Ｖ０．６Ｎｉ１．２合金内形成了含Ｔｉ的ｂｃｃ相,选区电子衍射和ＥＤＳ能谱分析结果表明,ｂｃｃ相为Ｂ２型Ｒ相（Ｔｉ０．５Ｚｒ０．２）Ｎｉ,Ｔｉ取代部分Ｚｒ,改变了四元合金中Ｌａｖｅｓ相的晶胞参数和亚结构,非Ｌａｖｅｓ相的形成导致合金元素在各相间的重新分配,多相合金内Ｌａｖｅｓ相的晶胞参数合金的名义成分。     

Zr替代La对快淬态A2B7型电极合金结构及电化学性能的影响

用铸造及快淬工艺制备了A2B7型电极合金,合金的名义成分为La0.75-xZrxMg0.25Ni3.2Co0.2Al0.1 (x = 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2)。深入研究了Zr替代La对合金微观结构及电化学性能的影响。用XRD、SEM、TEM分析了合金的结构。结果表明,铸态及快淬态合金均具有多相结构,含有两个主相(La,Mg)Ni3和LaNi5以及一个残余相LaNi2。Zr替代La使合金中LaNi5相明显增加,并促进快淬态合金中形成非晶相。电化学测试的结果表明,Zr替代La明显降低合金的放电容量,但显著改善合金的电化学循环稳定性。当Zr含量小于0.1时,合金的放电容量随淬速的增加而先增加后减小,合金的循环稳定性随淬速的增加而单调增加。