冷弯薄壁型钢受弯构件局部屈曲性能研究

采用有限条程序CUFSM对截面形式为TS40和TS61的19根550MPa高强冷弯薄壁型钢帽形截面简支檩条受弯构件局部屈曲应力进行分析,计算结果与试验值吻合较好。利用有限条程序对帽形截面受弯构件的翼缘宽厚比、腹板翼缘宽度比、卷边翼缘宽度比、腹板翼缘夹角等参数进行计算分析,结果表明腹板翼缘宽度比是影响帽形截面简支檩条受压翼缘局部屈曲稳定系数的重要因素。利用考虑板组相关的我国现行规范GB50018-2002《冷弯薄壁型钢结构技术规范》和英国冷成型薄壁构件设计标准(BS5950-5:1998)对帽形截面简支檩条受压翼缘局部屈曲稳定系数进行计算分析表明:我国规范在腹板翼缘宽度比小于1.5时偏于不安全,大于1.5时偏于保守,而英国规范相对比较安全。在参数分析的基础上,提出了考虑板组相关的帽形截面简支檩条受压翼缘弹性局部屈曲稳定系数计算公式,建议公式可供工程设计和修订规范参考。     

冷弯薄壁卷边H型钢受弯构件局部屈曲分析

采用有限条软件CUFSM对200种不同截面几何参数的冷弯薄壁卷边H型钢在荷载作用下的局部屈曲应力进行计算,并利用构件的屈曲应力分析了不同的卷边宽厚比、截面宽高比、腹板高厚比、翼缘宽厚比对冷弯薄壁卷边H型钢局部屈曲性能的影响。在此基础上,提出了适用于求解冷弯薄壁卷边H型钢在荷载作用下局部屈曲应力的简化计算式,并将简化公式计算的结果与有限条法计算的结果进行对比,表明所提出的简化计算式具有很好的适用性和精确性。     

北美规范与中国规范关于冷弯薄壁型钢C形截面受弯构件设计的比较(英文)

对比了北美规范CSA S136-07和中国规范GB 50018—2002关于冷弯薄壁型钢C形截面受弯构件的名义抗弯强度。首先介绍了2本规范计算名义抗弯强度的方法,然后分析了控制构件名义抗弯强度的2个主要参数,即弯扭屈曲应力和有效截面模量,并对2本规范进行了深入对比,最后对典型的6m跨长的C形托梁构件进行了名义抗弯强度比较。研究结果表明:依据GB 50018—2002计算的弯扭屈曲应力不小于依据CSA S136-07规范计算的结果,而根据GB 50018—2002计算的翼缘有效宽度则远远小于根据CSA S136-07规范计算的结果;2本规范名义抗弯强度的不同主要由C形截面翼缘尺寸和构件所受荷载类型控制;当翼缘尺寸较小,名义抗弯强度主要由弯扭屈曲而非局部屈曲控制时,如果构件用于均布荷载,则GB 50018—2002的计算结果大于CSA S136-07规范的结果,但是当构件用于抵抗均布弯矩时,则没有区别;当翼缘尺寸较大,名义抗弯强度主要由局部屈曲而非弯扭屈曲控制时,在2种工况下GB 50018—2002的计算结果均小于CSA S136-07规范的计算结果。     

冷弯薄壁C型钢绕强轴偏心受压构件的极限承载力

冷弯薄壁型钢结构多采用有效截面法对构件承载力进行计算,该方法计算繁杂且未考虑构件的畸变屈曲性能。直接强度法采用全截面计算各类参数,能够考虑各种单独屈曲模式及其相关屈曲对构件稳定性能的影响,但目前该方法并不能应用于压弯构件。对冷弯薄壁C形钢绕强轴偏压构件的稳定性能进行参数分析,探讨了构件长度、偏心距、腹板高厚比、翼缘宽厚比和卷边高厚比等因素对构件承载力的影响规律。结合有限元分析结果,基于轴压构件和纯弯构件的直接强度法公式,提出了冷弯薄壁型钢绕强轴偏压构件的极限承载力计算方法。     

北美规范与中国规范关于冷弯薄壁型钢C形截面受压构件设计的比较(英文)

对比了北美规范CSA S136-07和中国规范GB 50018—2002中关于冷弯薄壁型钢C形截面轴压构件的名义轴压强度。首先介绍了北美规范和中国规范计算名义轴压强度的方法,然后针对控制构件名义轴压强度的2个主要参数,即屈曲应力和有效截面面积,对2本规范进行了深入对比,最后对典型C形墙架柱名义轴压强度进行了比较。研究结果表明:2本规范具有相同的屈曲应力,但依据2本规范计算的有效截面面积却不同;一般来说,根据GB 50018—2002计算的翼缘有效宽度远小于根据CSA S136-07计算的结果,然而依据CSA S136-07计算的腹板有效宽度则略小于依据GB 50018—2002计算的结果;2本规范名义轴压强度不同主要由C形截面翼缘和腹板有效宽厚比不同引起;当翼缘的宽厚比不小于17.8时,构件名义轴压强度的不同主要由翼缘有效宽厚比控制,根据GB 50018—2002计算的名义轴压强度小于根据CSA S136-07计算的结果;当翼缘的宽厚比小于17.8时,构件名义轴压强度的不同则主要受腹板有效宽度控制,依据GB 50018—2002计算的名义轴压强度略大于依据CSA S136-07计算的结果。     

双肢拼合冷弯薄壁型钢工字形截面梁受弯性能研究

对6个单肢冷弯薄壁型钢C形截面梁和18个双肢拼合冷弯薄壁型钢工字形截面梁进行了受弯性能试验研究 ,考察梁跨高比、翼缘宽厚比、截面高宽比、螺钉连接间距以及腹板开孔对双肢拼合工字形截面梁破坏模式和极 限受弯承载力的影响,验证双肢拼合截面梁受弯承载力具有“1×2≥2”的拼合效应,并采用ANSYS有限元软件进 行数值模拟与影响因素分析。结果表明：试件的破坏模式为翼缘及腹板局部屈曲和畸变屈曲的相关屈曲形式。改 变翼缘宽厚比和截面高宽比对双肢拼合冷弯薄壁型钢工字形截面梁的承载力影响最大,而改变螺钉连接间距 （300~600mm范围内）和梁跨高比对工字形梁的承载力影响较小。在实际工程设计中,建议腹板开孔采用圆形孔 洞形式,腹板开孔截面积比例取为35%~50%之间,同时腹板开孔间距应不小于400mm。在双肢拼合工字梁受弯承载 力折减强度法的基础上,提出了适用于腹板开孔双肢拼合冷弯薄壁型钢工字形截面梁受弯承载力计算的强度折减 修正法。     

冷弯薄壁卷边槽钢轴心受压构件承载力计算的折减强度法

为了研究冷弯薄壁卷边槽钢轴心受压构件的极限承载力,对15根轴心受压的冷弯薄壁卷边槽钢进行了破坏性试验,并采用有限元分析方法对试件进行模拟分析,有限元计算结果与试验结果吻合良好,验证了有限元方法的有效性,然后对典型截面构件进行大量的有限元参数分析。研究结果表明：冷弯薄壁卷边槽钢轴心受压构件的极限承载力随着构件翼缘宽厚比、腹板高厚比、长细比以及钢材强度的增大而减小。通过参数分析得到了考虑局部屈曲、整体屈曲和畸变屈曲影响的构件屈服强度折减系数,提出了冷弯薄壁卷边槽钢轴心受压构件承载力计算的折减强度法及其相应计算公式,且通过试验验证了本文折减强度法计算卷边槽钢轴心受压构件极限承载力的适用性。     

Q460高强度钢焊接工字形截面压弯构件局部和整体弯扭相关屈曲有限元分析

采用有限元法分析了高厚比超限的Q460钢焊接工字形截面压弯构件局部和整体弯扭相关屈曲的极限承载力,研究了腹板高厚比、翼缘宽厚比、构件长细比和荷载相对偏心率对其相关屈曲承载力的影响,提出了Q460钢焊接工字形截面压弯构件的局部和整体弯扭相关屈曲极限承载力修正计算公式。研究表明:有限元模型能够较好地模拟焊接工字形截面压弯构件局部和整体弯扭相关屈曲极限承载力;腹板高厚比、翼缘宽厚比、构件长细比及荷载相对偏心率增大均会导致构件无量纲化极限承载力降低;基于《钢结构设计规范》(报批稿)GB 50017提出的修正公式计算值与有限元计算值吻合较好。     

单根C型冷弯悬臂构件滞回性能研究

冷弯薄壁型钢构件翼缘和腹板钢材厚度小、宽厚比较大,其力学性能与普通钢构件有很大差别。本文在冷弯薄壁型钢材性试验基础上进行了三组悬臂构件的有限元滞回性能分析,结果表明:构件在循环荷载作用下发生弯曲扭转耦联破坏;循环荷载作用下构件的截面尺寸对承载力有较大影响;本批冷弯薄壁型钢材料具有较好的延性。     

焊接H形截面纯弯钢构件弹塑性局部相关屈曲分析

采用ANSYS软件建立焊接H形截面纯弯钢构件有限元分析模型,模拟截面残余应力、板件初始缺陷和几何非线性,分析强翼缘弱腹板和弱翼缘强腹板两组构件的弹塑性局部相关屈曲性能,分别讨论腹板高厚比、翼缘宽厚比和相对宽厚比(腹板高厚比与翼缘宽厚比之比)对构件局部稳定系数的影响。研究结果表明,局部稳定系数随腹板高厚比或翼缘宽厚比增大而显著降低,与相对宽厚比基本成线性关系;两组局部稳定系数拟合公式相对误差为-1.19%~1.15%,精度较高;可以根据整体稳定性和局部相关稳定性近似相等的原则,确定腹板高厚比和翼缘宽厚比限值相关曲线;平面外整体长细比较小时,钢结构设计规范的腹板高厚比和翼缘宽厚比限值部分超越宽厚比限值相关曲线。     

Prediction of the flexural strengths of welded H-sections with local buckling

This paper describes the flexural strength of welded sections based on a series of flexural tests performed on H-sections fabricated from steel plates of thickness 6.0 mm with nominal yield stress of 315.0 MPa. Thin-walled flexural members undergo local, lateral-torsional or their interactive buckling according to the section geometries and lateral boundary conditions. Flexural members with the flanges or the web of large width-to-thickness ratios may undergo local buckling before lateral-torsional buckling and their interaction before the final collapse of the section. The local buckling has a negative effect on the flexural strength based on the lateral-torsional buckling. This phenomenon should be considered in the estimation of the nominal flexural strength of thin-walled flexural members. Welded H-section beams composed of the flanges and the web with various width-to-thickness ratios were tested to failure. The initial imperfections in local and lateral buckling mode, and residual stresses were included in the FE analyses. Simple design flexural strength formulas for the direct strength method (DSM) were proposed based on the test and FE results of welded sections to account for interaction between local and lateral-torsional buckling. The design strength curves were compared with the AISC specifications (2005), Eurocode3 (2003) and test results. The adequacy of the strength curve for the DSM was confirmed. A set of conclusions on the flexural strength and structural behavior of thin-walled welded H-sections was drawn from the experimental studies.     

Compression tests of welded section columns undergoing buckling interaction

This paper describes a series of compression tests performed on welded H-section and channel section columns fabricated from a mild steel plate of thickness 6.0 mm with nominal yield stress of 240 MPa. The ultimate strength and performance of the compression members undergoing nonlinear interaction between local and overall buckling were investigated experimentally and theoretically. The compression tests indicated that the interaction between local and overall buckling had a significant negative effect on the ultimate strength of the thin-walled welded steel section columns. The Direct Strength Method (DSM), which was newly developed and adopted as an alternative to the effective width method for the design of cold-formed steel sections recently by NAS (AISI, 2004), was calibrated by using the test results for application to welded steel sections. This paper confirms that the Direct Strength Method can properly predict the ultimate strength of welded section columns when local buckling and flexural buckling occur simultaneously or nearly simultaneously.     

Flexural strength of tubular flange girders

A tubular flange girder is an I-shaped steel girder with either rectangular or round tubes as flanges. A tubular flange girder has a much larger torsional stiffness than a conventional I-shaped plate girder of similar weight, which results in a much larger lateral-torsional buckling strength. Finite element (FE) models of tubular flange girders with hollow tubes (HTFGs) are developed in this paper, considering material inelasticity, instability, initial geometric imperfections, and residual stresses. A parametric study is performed using the FE models to study the effects of stiffeners, geometric imperfections, residual stresses, cross section dimensions, and bending moment distribution on the lateral-torsional buckling flexural strength of HTFGs. These analytical results are used to evaluate formulas for determining the flexural strength of HTFGs.     

G550高强冷弯薄壁槽钢受弯构件力学性能与设计方法

为了研究高强冷弯薄壁槽钢受弯构件的力学性能和设计方法,对3种板件加劲形式的G550高强冷弯薄壁型钢槽形截面受弯构件进行了试验研究和有限元参数分析。结果表明,板件加劲形式对高强冷弯薄壁槽钢受弯构件屈曲模式和受弯承载力有显著影响,翼缘V形加劲比腹板V形加劲能够更有效地提高构件抗弯承载力,构件抗弯承载力的变化规律与屈曲模式有关。根据有限元参数分析结果,在已有直接强度法基础上回归出适用于高强冷弯薄壁槽钢受弯构件的直接强度法修正公式。     

The development of the direct strength method for welded steel members with buckling interactions

The direct strength method (DSM) has been adopted by the NAS (2004) and AS/NZS 4600 (2005) for the design of cold-formed steel members. The method can be successfully applied to the design of welded and hot-rolled sections. This paper reviews the development of the DSM for welded steel structural members. The design strength formulae for welded section columns and beams for the DSM are provided based on the tests performed on welded H-section, C-section, circular and rectangular hollow section columns fabricated from steel plates whose nominal yield stress is 235 MPa or 315 MPa. The comparison between the design strength of welded sections predicted by the DSM and that estimated by existing specifications is provided. This paper verifies that the DSM which adopts the nominal axial strength and flexural strength in the AISC (2010) or EC3 (2004) can properly predict the ultimate strength of welded section columns and beams.     

不同截面形式高强冷弯薄壁槽钢构件受弯承载力试验研究

对36个屈服强度为550 MPa的高强冷弯薄壁槽钢受弯试件进行静力试验研究,考虑了加劲形式和卷边形式对试件受弯性能的影响,其中加劲形式分为无加劲、翼缘中间V形加劲和翼缘及腹板中间V形加劲3种,卷边形式分为直卷边、斜卷边和复杂卷边3种。试验结果表明：加劲形式和卷边形式是影响试件受弯承载力和屈曲模式的重要因素;与无加劲形式相比,采用板件中间V形加劲有效减小了板件宽厚比,试件受弯承载力提高了30%~70%;同种加劲形式下,短（直、斜）卷边试件受弯承载力提高幅度最大,复杂卷边试件提高幅度次之,长（直、斜）卷边试件提高幅度最小;试验过程中试件发生了局部屈曲、畸变屈曲与局部和畸变相关屈曲。对试验进行了有限元模拟,模拟结果与试验结果吻合较好。     

Lateral distortional buckling tests of a new hollow flange channel beam

The LiteSteel beam (LSB) is a new hollow flange channel section developed by OneSteel Australian Tube Mills using their patented dual electric resistance welding and automated continuous roll-forming process. It has a unique geometry consisting of torsionally rigid rectangular hollow flanges and a relatively slender web. The LSBs are commonly used as flexural members in buildings. However, the LSB flexural members are subjected to lateral distortional buckling, which reduces their member moment capacities. Unlike the commonly observed lateral torsional buckling of steel beams, the lateral distortional buckling of LSBs is characterised by simultaneous lateral deflection, twist, and cross sectional change due to web distortion. An experimental study including more than 50 lateral buckling tests was therefore conducted to investigate the behaviour and strength of LSB flexural members. It included the available 13 LSB sections with spans ranging from 1200 to 4000 mm. Lateral buckling tests based on a quarter point loading were conducted using a special test rig designed to simulate the required simply supported and loading conditions accurately. Experimental moment capacities were compared with the predictions from the design rules in the Australian cold-formed steel structures standard. The new design rules in the standard were able to predict the moment capacities more accurately than previous design rules. This paper presents the details of lateral distortional buckling tests, in particular the features of the lateral buckling test rig, the results and the comparisons. It also includes the results of detailed studies into the mechanical properties and residual stresses of LSBs.     

Resistance of rectangular concrete-filled tubular (CFT) sections to the axial load and combined axial compression and bending

This paper describes the development of the direct strength method (DSM) for concrete-filled tubular (CFT) sections. The axial and flexural strength of CFT sections with local buckling are proposed based on previous test results. Although Eurocode4 does not allow the use of slender steel skins for CFT sections, the limit of the width-to-thickness ratio for the steel skin has recently been extended to slender sections in AISC specifications. A simple formula for the axial and flexural strength of CFT sections for the DSM is proposed to account for the local buckling of a thin steel skin and for the enhanced compressive strength of concrete from the confining effect of the steel skin. The squash load predicted by the proposed formula is compared with test results and those predicted by AISC specifications and Eurocode4. A formula for strength interactions of CFT members under combined compression and flexure is proposed and is compared with test results. The comparison confirmed that the formula for axial and flexural strength and that for strength interactions can conservatively predict the resistance of CFT columns to the axial load and combined compression and bending.     

Compression tests of high strength cold-formed steel channels with buckling interaction

This paper describes a series of compression tests conducted on cold-formed simple lipped channels and lipped channels with intermediate stiffeners in the flanges and web fabricated from high strength steel plate of thickness 0.6 and 0.8 mm with the nominal yield stress 560 MPa. A range of lengths of lipped channel sections were tested to failure with both ends of the column fixed with a special capping to prevent local failure of column ends and influence from the shift of centroid during testing. The high strength cold-formed steel channel sections of intermediate lengths generally displayed a significant interaction between local and distortional buckling. A noticeable interaction between local and overall buckling was also observed for the long columns. A significant post-buckling strength reserve was shown for those sections that showed interaction between local and distortional or overall buckling. Simple design strength formulas in the Direct Strength Method for the thin-walled cold-formed steel sections failing in the mixed mode of local and distortional buckling have been studied. The strengths predicted by the strength formulas proposed are compared with the test results for verification.     

I型组合梁截面的局部与整体相关屈曲

在弯扭失稳(LTB)和受压翼缘局部失稳(FLB)2种极限状态下,根据钢结构规范(AISCLRFD360-10)得到的具有紧密腹板且没有紧密翼缘或细长翼缘的I型梁截面的名义受弯承载力可能偏低。该方法的主要假设是LTB和FLB是2个独立的状态,之间无相互作用。本文采用ABAQUS建立三维有限元模型对没有紧密翼缘或细长翼缘的I型梁进行非线性分析。通过估算具有不同翼缘长细比的局部屈曲的I型组合钢梁的抗弯承载力,以验证AISC-LRFD方法的适用性。研究发现整体和局部屈曲能力相差加大,故应考虑FLB和LTB之间的相关屈曲作用;对本文给出的梁还应考虑其局部屈曲后性能。