催化剂Pt／Mg（Al）O的制备与特性

用共沉淀法制备得一种类似于水滑石的载体Ｍｇ（Ａｌ）Ｏ，再用浸渍法制得载于这种载体上的铂催化剂Ｐｔ／Ｍｇ（Ａｌ）Ｏ。该载体的比表面积为２４４ｍ２ｇ－１，该催化剂铂分散度为（Ｈ／Ｐｔ）ｉｒｒ＝０．９，平均直径ｄ＝１．３８ｎｍ，且有均匀的颗粒度。Ｐｔ－Ｍｇ（Ａｌ）Ｏ间的相互作用比Ｐｔ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３间的强。由于电子从载体Ｍｇ（Ａｌ）Ｏ中的碱性（氧）离子大量转移至细小的Ｐｔ颗粒上，故该催化剂中的Ｐｔ颗粒具有很强的负电性，表现了优异的催化性质     

载体预处理对Pt－Pd／γ－Al_2O_3催化剂氧化性能的影响

本文用等体积浸渍法制备了一系列Ｐｔ－Ｐｄ／γ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３催化剂，并考察载体预焙烧和ＭｇＯ改性对其催化氧化性能的影响．结果表明：γ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３载体经高温预焙烧和ＭｇＯ改性后．其表面碱性增强，并影响催化剂活性中心在表面的分布，从而使催化剂对正丁醇、苯和正已烷三种有机物的深度氧化活性有不同程度的提高．其中以正己烷最为显著。     

红磷、聚磷酸铵增效Al（OH）_3／Mg（OH）_2阻燃HDPE的研究

通过测定氧指数和差热分析，研究了红磷、聚磷酸铵对于Ａｌ（ＯＨ）３和Ｍｇ（ＯＨ）２混合填充阻燃ＨＤＰＥ的增效作用．实验结果表明：虽然红磷、聚磷酸铵本身对ＨＤＰＥ的阻燃效果不佳，但它们都能增效Ａｌ（ＯＨ）３和Ｍｇ（ＯＨ）２阻燃ＨＤＰＥ，红磷的增效作用比聚磷酸铵更好．     

理化因子对嗜盐隐杆藻细胞生长及胞外多糖产量的影响

比较不同ＮａＣｌ、Ｃａ２＋、ＰＯ３－４等离子浓度对嗜盐隐杆藻（Ａｐｈａｎｏｔｈｅｃｅｈａｌｏｐｈｙｔｉｃａ）细胞生长及胞外多糖（Ｅｘｏｐｏｌｙｓａｃ－ｃｈａｒｉｄｅＥＰＳ）产量的影响。在各影响因子不同浓度的培养条件下,０．５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ的ＮａＣｌ、１．０ｇ／Ｌ的Ｃａ（ＮＯ３）２·４Ｈ２Ｏ、０．１ｇ／Ｌ的ＫＨ２ＰＯ４分别是其最佳生长浓度。ＥＰＳ的产量在０．５ｍｏｌ／ＬＮａＣｌ、,０．５ｇ／ＬＣａ（ＮＯ３）２·４Ｈ２Ｏ、０．５ｇ／Ｌ的ＫＨ２ＰＯ４培养条件下最高。在较低的Ｃａ２＋、Ｍｇ２＋、ＰＯ３－４浓度下可提高ＥＰＳ产率。     

化学共沉淀法制备镁铝尖晶石粉末的研究

以ＭｇＣｌ２·６Ｈ２Ｏ和ＡｌＣｌ３·６Ｈ２Ｏ为主要原料，利用化学共沉淀法制备ＭｇＯ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３系中唯一稳定的二元化合物ＭｇＡｌ２Ｏ４粉末。与机械球磨混合法相比，湿化学法制备的均匀超细ＭｇＡｌ２Ｏ４粉末，具有纯度高、比表面积大、且活性高、易于较低温度（９００℃）下煅烧获得等特点。     

Cr_2O_3在SiO_2-Al_2O_3-MgO-B_2O_3系玻璃和玻璃陶瓷中的作用

利用ＳＭＥ和ＸＲＤ等技术,系统研究了Ｃｒ２Ｏ３对ＳｉＯ２－Ａｌ２Ｏ３－ＭｇＯ－Ｂ２Ｏ３系玻璃和玻璃陶瓷中的作用。当Ｃｒ２Ｏ３％＜１时,随着Ｃｒ２Ｏ３。含量的增加,玻璃试样的颜色由浅绿色逐渐转变成灰色;Ｃｒ２Ｏ３％＞１时,镁铬（铝）类晶石,Ｍｇ（Ａｌ１．５Ｃｒ０．５）Ｏ４,在玻璃试样中析出;在玻璃陶瓷中,Ｃｒ２Ｏ３％的含量的增加有助于Ｍｇ（Ａｌ１．５Ｃｒ０．５）Ｏ４相的析出,对云母晶体的析出有抑制作用。同时还发现Ｃｒ２Ｏ３的含量对云母晶体显微组织也有显著的影响作用。     

软聚氯乙烯的阻燃抑烟研究

本文借助氧指数法，差热分析，热重分析研究了Ａｌ（ＯＨ）３，Ｍｇ（ＯＨ）２，Ｓｂ２Ｏ３对软质ＰＶＣ的阻燃作用和锌化合物对软ＰＶＣ的抑烟作用。结果表明，Ｓｂ２Ｏ３对软ＰＶＣ的阻燃效果优于Ａｌ（ＯＨ）３和Ｍｇ（ＯＨ）２的；由Ｓｂ２Ｏ３，ＣａＣＯ３和锌化合物组成的阻燃抑烟体系，对软ＰＶＣ具有良好的阻燃抑烟效果。     

快速测定废水的COD

本文提出以ＭｎＳＯ４－Ｈ２ＳＯ４－Ｈ３ＰＯ４作催化溶液快速测定ＣＯＤ的方法，测定条件是：ＭｎＳＯ４ ０．２ｇ／２０ｍＬ，Ｈ２ＳＯ４：Ｈ３ＰＯ４＝５：１（体积比），回流１ｈ，用吸收装置吸收并用碘量法测定Ｃｌ２，从表观ＣＯＤ中扣去。本法具有较高的准确度和精密度。     

加入CaO和Al2O3对MgO—C反应的影响

研究了ＣａＯ和Ａｌ２Ｏ３对ＭｇＯ和Ｃ之间反应的影响，并叙述了有关的机理，小量的（在溶解度极限之内）Ａｌ２Ｏ３将对ＭｇＯ－Ｃ反应稍有抑制，但是小量的（在溶解度极限空内）ＣａＯ则对ＭｇＯ－Ｃ反应影响甚微，大量的（超过溶解度极限）Ａｌ２Ｏ３和ＣａＯ则会加速ＭｇＯ－Ｃ反应。     

MgAlFe复合氧化物高温下脱除低浓度SO2的性能

研究了一种从水滑石类材料制香的ＭｇＡｌＦｅ复合氧化物在高温下脱除低度ＳＯ２的性能,发现它对ＳＯ２具有很高的吸附速率,吸附容量可达高克材料吸附ＳＯ２ １．２克以上,是一种性能优良的ＳＯ２吸附剂。研究中发现这类材料存在活性温度范围为：４００－７００℃,材料的最佳组成比为：Ｍｇ／（Ａｌ＋Ｆｅ）＝３,Ｆｅ／（Ｍｇ＋Ａｌ）＝０．２５。饱和吸附ＳＯ２的ＭｇＡｌＦｅ氧化物可以用氢气还原再生,再生的产物为高浓度的     

ESTIMATION OF KINETIC PARAMETERS FOR ELEMENTARY SURFACE PROCESSES FROM INTEGRAL REACTOR DATA. CO OXIDATION OVER Pt/ Al2O3

A novel method has been developed which can be used for kinetic parameter estimation from laboratory reactor data. It is based on discrete modeling and variational techniques applied to an integral reactor packed with supported catalyst pellets. This new method, similar to the McCabe-Thiele method in distillation column design, has been used to determine kinetic parameters of adsorption, desorption and surface reaction steps for CO oxidation over Pt/ AI₂ O₃catalysts at 500° C and atmospheric pressure. The results clearly indicate the importance of the coverage dependency of CO desorption activation energy in the steady state kinetics of CO oxidation. The good agreement of the results with those on single crystal Pt surfaces indicates no significant metal-support interactions for the Pt/ Al₂O₃ system during CO oxidation     

Pt/Al_2O_3催化剂失活分析及再生处理

介绍了苯加氢制环己烷过程中的Pt/Al2 O3 催化剂酸中心的产生、积碳、机械杂质的覆盖及水、硫、一氧化碳等对催化剂活性、选择性、寿命的影响 ,以及催化剂失活后的再生方法     

催化裂化再生器中铂助燃剂催化活性的测定(Ⅰ)——在新助燃剂上CO氧化的反应动力学

研究了催化裂化再生条件下铂助燃剂上ＣＯ氧化反应动力学。在排除了反应管及稀释剂的催化氧化作用后，测定了铂含量为１０－６ｇ／ｇ的国产新助燃剂上的反应动力学数据，得出了在氧过量时一氧化碳和氧的反应级数分别为１和０．５。给出了６６０℃下的反应速度常数值及其置信区间。     

Kinetics of acetone hydrogenation over Pt/Al2O3 catalysts

The hydrogenation of acetone to isopropanol has been studied in the vapour phase over Pt/Al₂O₃ catalysts. The rate law obtained at a total pressure of 1 atm and temperatures between 303 and 363 K is of the form V=kP⁰_aP^1/2_H exp (-44 kJ mol^?1 RT^?1). The kinetic results are consistent with a Langmuir-Hinshelwood hydrogenation mechanism involving a half hydrogenated species and a non-competitive chemisorption of acetone and hydrogen on the platinum surface. The specific activity (calculated per platinum surface atom) has been found to be scarcely dependent on the platinum particle size. It is suggested that the chemisorption sites are made of a very small ensemble of platinum atoms.     

电感耦合等离子发射光谱法测定Pt/Al_2O_3催化剂中的Pt

用电感耦合等离子发射光谱法测定了Al2O3基催化剂中的Pt,考察了基体及所用试剂对Pt测定的影响,发现Al2O3基体、硫酸等对Pt测定均有负干扰,应在标准溶液与基体匹配的情况下进行测定。该方法的检出限为Pt0.10mg/L;样品的加标回收率96%以上。     

n-octane dehydrocyclisation on monofunctional and bifunctional Pt/Al2O3 catalyst

The dehydrocyclisation of n-octane to iso-octane, ethylbenzene and o-, m- and p-xylene was investigated on monofunctional (non-acidic) and bifunctional (acidic) Pt/Al₂O₃ catalyst in a microcatalytic reactor with hydrogen as carrier at 1.8 atm and 563–673 K. On bifunctional Pt/Al₂O₃, the total conversion of n-octane started from a high value and decreased with increasing temperature for all pulse sizes investigated. The primary product of n-octane conversion on acidic Pt/Al₂O₃ was iso-octane. The product yield-temperature profiles showed a large initial production of iso-octane which decreased to a minimum as the catalyst temperature increased due to its conversion to ethylbenzene and o-xylene. On non-acidic Pt/Al₂O₃, the total conversion of n-octane increased initially and then went through a maximum as the catalyst temperature increased. The primary products of the reaction were found to be ethylbenzene and o-xylene, indicative of the activity of the metal to effect these ring closure reactions.     

Comparative study of aromatization selectivity during N‐heptane reforming on sintered Pt/Al2O3 and Pt‐Re/Al2O3 catalysts

BACKGROUND: The metal dispersed over a support can be present as small crystallites with sizes less than 5 nm. The smaller crystallites favour aromatization while larger crystallites favour cracking/hydrogenolysis. Sintering results in the agglomerization of smaller metal crystallites. Correlation of size with aromatization selectivity was investigated. RESULTS: The primary products of n‐heptane reforming on fresh Pt were methane, toluene, and benzene, while on fresh Pt‐Re, the only product was methane. Both catalysts exhibited enhanced aromatization selectivity at different oxygen sintering temperatures. The reaction products ranged from only toluene at 500 °C sintering temperature to methane at a sintering temperature of 650 °C with no reaction at 800 °C for the Pt/Al₂O₃ catalyst. On Pt‐Re/Al₂O₃ catalyst, methane was the sole product at a sintering temperature of 500 °C while only toluene was produced at a sintering temperature of 800 °C. CONCLUSION: This is the first time that sintering has been used to facilitate aromatization of supported Pt and Pt‐Re catalysts. A superior selectivity behaviour associated with bi‐metallic Pt catalysts is established. It was found that no reaction occurred on Pt catalyst after sintering at 800 °C whereas sintering Pt‐Re at 800 °C promoted aromatization solely to toluene. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry     

Sulfur deactivation and regeneration of Pt/BaO/Al2O3 and Pt/SrO/Al2O3 NO x storage catalysts

Transient experiments were performed to study sulfur deactivation and regeneration of Pt/BaO/Al₂O₃ and Pt/SrO/Al₂O₃ NO _x storage catalysts. It was found that the strontium-based catalysts are more easily regenerated than the barium-based catalysts and that a higher fraction of the NO _x storage sites are regenerated when H₂ is used in combination with CO₂ compared to H₂ only.     

新型Pt/Al2O3苯加氢催化剂研制

在模拟苯加氢制环己烷工业装置建成的催化剂原粒度活性评价装置上，研究气相苯加氢制环己烷的Pt/Al₂O₃催化剂，主要考察催化剂制备方法、Al₂O₃载体物化性能和不同竞争吸附剂对催化剂性能的影响，提出了苯加氢制环己烷最佳的催化剂推荐工艺操作条件。与参比样对比表明，研制的Pt/Al₂O₃苯加氢催化剂性能达到参比催化剂的水平，催化剂侧压强度明显高于参比催化剂。