2500t/h熟料生产线余热锅炉的设计开发

2500t／h熟料生产线余热发电的技术特点和运行结果。     

余热锅炉对流管束制造工艺浅析

文章针对余热锅炉中的对流管束在制造过程中存在的主要问题，采用了一些工艺措施，大量减少了焊接变形。     

2500t／d熟料生产线余热锅炉的设计开发

介绍了2500t／d熟料生产线余热发电的技术特点和运行结果。     

螺旋鳍片管束传热与阻力特性研究的现状与发展

螺旋鳍片管束因具有一系列优点，在常规锅炉及余热锅炉中得到了广泛的应用，为此，国内外有关学者对其传热与和特性进行了长期的研究，并取得了大量的成果，但是，因各种原因，现有研究成果存在局限性，不能满足实际需要，根据对现有成果的分析与比较，指出了有待进一步研究之处。     

58.39 t/h余热锅炉蒸发管束改造

通过对余热锅炉蒸发管束进行改造,锅炉出力得到保证,运行稳定正常,单台锅炉1次连续运行时间超过了改造前的1倍,有效地防止了积灰,当年产生直接经济效益332.627万元,取得了明显的经济效益、社会效益和环境效益。     

余热锅炉水平管束的设计与计算

论述了余热锅炉在低碳经济中的重要性,介绍不同余热锅炉的容量计算及结构布置,对烟道式(立式)水平蒸发管束的自然循环水动力计算进行了分析,提出了简化的确定循环特性的方法,对一些计算参数作了推荐并附有计算案例.     

催化余热锅炉对流管束胀口泄漏的原因及处理

文章对洛阳分公司一催化余热锅炉对流管束严重泄漏的原因从实际和理论两方面进行了认真分析,认定对流管束泄漏是由于下汽包膨胀受阻引起,据此作出了相应的处理措施;处理后的运行实践证明：分析和处理结果完全正确;文章最后对锅炉的施工改造提出了自己的建议。     

列管式余热锅炉内垂直管束的截面含气率测量

应用电导探针测量列管式余热锅炉中管束的截面含气率。实验段采用垂直布置的管壳式换热器模型，其圆形外壳内的管束由４９根管子组成，并沿长度方向用３块折流板将管束分成４个冲刷流程。当水－空气两相流从实验段底部的侧面进入并斜向上冲管束时，测出了局部截面含气率的分布规律，通过分析得到了平均截面含气率的计算式。     

余热锅炉鳍片管受热面传热特性

文中介绍了在一热态试验台上进行余热锅炉鳍片管受热面传热特性试验研究的结果,对于大型余热锅炉的设计和运用具有重要意义。     

Transient thermal modelling of heat recovery steam generators in combined cycle power plants

Heat recovery steam generator (HRSG) is a major component of a combined cycle power plant (CCPP). This equipment is particularly subject to severe thermal stress especially during cold start‐up period. Hence, it is important to predict the operational parameters of HRSGs such as temperature of steam, water, hot gas and tube metal of heating elements as well as pressure change in drums during transient and steady‐state operation. These parameters may be used for estimating thermal and mechanical stresses which are important in HRSG design and operation. In this paper, the results of a developed thermal model for predicting the working conditions of HRSG elements during transient and steady‐state operations are reported. The model is capable of analysing arbitrary number of pressure levels and any number of elements such as superheater, evaporator, economizer, deaerator, desuperheater, reheater, as well as duct burners. To assess the correct performance of the developed model two kinds of data verification were performed. In the first kind of data verification, the program output was compared with the measured data collected from a cold start‐up of an HRSG at Tehran CCPP. The variations of gas, water/steam and metal temperatures at various sections of HRSG, and pressure in drums were among the studied parameters. Mean differences of about 3.8% for temperature and about 9.2% for pressure were observed in this data comparison. In the second kind of data verification, the steady‐state numerical output of the model was checked with the output of the well‐known commercial software. An average difference of about 1.5% was found between the two latter groups of data. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Performance simulation of heat recovery steam generators in a cogeneration system

The performance simulation of heat recovery steam generators in a cogeneration system has been investigated to see the effect of pinch and approach points on steam generation and also on temperature profiles across the heat recovery steam generator. The effects of operating conditions on steam production and also on exit gas temperature from the heat recovery steam generator are discussed. Low pinch point results in improved heat recovery steam generator performance due to reduced irreversibilites. The supplementary firing enhances the steam production. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

双压再热余热锅炉蒸汽参数优化与分析

本文对联合循环系统双压再热余热锅炉的蒸汽参数进行了优化研究,计算并总结了最优化的蒸汽压力、蒸汽流量以及回收量随余热锅炉进口燃气参数的变化规律．其结果对联合循环余热锅炉的优化设计县有理论意义和实用价值．     

Availability analysis of heat recovery steam generators used in thermal power plants

The combined-cycle gas and steam turbine power plant presents three main pieces of equipment: gas turbines, steam turbines and heat recovery steam generator (HRSG). In case of HRSG failure the steam cycle is shut down, reducing the power plant output. Considering that the technology for design, construction and operation of high capacity HRSGs is quite recent its availability should be carefully evaluated in order to foresee the performance of the power plant.This study presents a method for reliability and availability evaluation of HRSGs installed in combined-cycle power plant. The method’s first step consists in the elaboration of the steam generator functional tree and development of failure mode and effects analysis. The next step involves a reliability and availability analysis based on the time to failure and time to repair data recorded during the steam generator operation. The third step, aiming at availability improvement, recommends the fault-tree analysis development to identify components the failure (or combination of failures) of which can cause the HRSG shutdown. Those components maintenance policy can be improved through the use of reliability centered maintenance (RCM) concepts. The method is applied on the analysis of two HRSGs installed in a 500 MW combined-cycle power plant.     

齐鲁石化丙烯腈厂废水焚烧炉余热锅炉改造方案研究

简述了原有火管式废水焚烧炉余热锅炉的结渣原因 ,提出了改造方案 ,介绍了改造方案的结渣周期计算和技术经济分析 ,证明其在理论上有效可行 ,节能和经济效益显著.     

余热锅炉仿真建模方法的探讨

作为燃气蒸汽联合循环系统中的重要设备,余热锅炉对整个系统的性能起到决定性作用。应用仿真技术进行余热锅炉系统性能研究是一项切实可行的方法,也是进行余热锅炉设计的重要辅助手段。列举了余热锅炉结构及热力特性,系统划分、建模方法、参数选取、二次建模等,并对建模及计算方面要注意的问题进行了详细的阐述。     

发电机空冷器传热与阻力特性研究

随着空冷汽轮发电机容量的增大,发电机内各部件的发热量也随之增加,空冷技术的重要性日益突出。但我国的空冷技术与国外相比还有一定差距,因此,利用循环风洞对几个特定结构参数的翅片式空冷器进行了模化试验研究,获得了空气侧传热与阻力特性的准则关系式,就试件结构参数对传热及阻力特性的影响机理做了详细的分析。试验结果不但为国产空冷器的性能与结构优化提供了计算方法,而且为空冷器制造企业实现自主研发提供了可靠的依据。     

余热锅炉动态特性的数值计算

本文对单压余热锅炉的动态特性进行了数值计算。分析了当燃气轮机排烟温度和流量发生扰动时,余热锅炉出口参数随时间的变化规律。研究结果为联合循环余热锅炉控制系统的设计提供了理论依据。     

A general method for the optimum design of heat recovery steam generators

The optimization of the heat recovery steam generator (HRSG) is one of the key elements for increasing the efficiency of combined plants. According to the current technical practice, it can be organized at different levels of complexity with objectives sequentially defined: operating parameters, geometrical details and technological elements.

According to this point of view, in the paper a complete strategy for the optimum design of the HRSG is outlined. The optimization is organized at two levels: the first one enables to obtain the main operating parameters of the HRSG, while the second involves the detailed design of the component concerning the geometric variables of the heat transfer sections. The output of the first-level optimization is the input of the second level. In particular, the second level of the optimization can be articulated in two different steps. The first step can be aimed to the minimization of the pressure drop for a given heat flow. The second step leads to a reduction of the overall dimensions, maintaining the imposed performance of the HRSG in terms of heat flow and pressure drop. The whole procedure is tested with reference to a case of existing HRSG structures; it shows the possibility of improving performance maintaining a constrained packaged size.     

Applying different optimization approaches to achieve optimal configuration of a dual pressure heat recovery steam generator

The optimal design for heat recovery steam generator (HRSG) should be chosen based on technical and economic considerations. Therefore, parameters that are related to thermodynamic and economic aspects should be considered in optimization approaches. It is worth mentioning that one of the significant issues in the HRSG design is the diversity of arrangements between various components (economizer, evaporator, and superheater), which absolutely affect the HRSG performance. According to these facts, in the present article, different arrangements of a dual pressure HRSG are analyzed, and the economizer at the high‐pressure level is divided into two parts; these arrangements are optimized by applying different optimization approaches to achieve the optimal configuration. These approaches include the reduction of gas pressure drop, the reduction of generated steam cost and the consideration of both approaches as the third approach. These three approaches are also considered to perform economic and thermodynamic optimization. With regard to the limitations of optimization such as the pinch and approach point, seven different configurations are considered. First, a comprehensive model is developed for calculating thermodynamic, heat transfer, and pressure loss. To perform a thorough optimization, both thermodynamic and geometric variables as well as diversity of various arrangements is considered using genetic algorithm. The results of the optimization study show that the best arrangement is not unique, and each arrangement has different characteristics. Hence, the best arrangement for the HRSG is chosen according to the importance of the objective functions. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.