井筒地面预注浆在汉水泉三号煤矿风井中的应用

汉水泉三号煤矿地层条件复杂,风井基岩段侏罗系地层预测涌水量25.62m3/h,为了避免西部地区中生代地层凿井时的涌水涌砂问题,借鉴中东部地区井筒施工经验,采用井筒地面预注浆技术对风井基岩段侏罗系地层中下部进行治理。结合以往井筒注浆经验和行业标准,进行了风井侏罗系地层注浆设计,根据现场施工情况,总结了注浆压力、注浆量、吸水率等参数,对风井中生代侏罗系地层注浆质量进行了分析,为地面预注浆技术在西部中生代地层中的应用提供了依据。     

井筒基岩段过特殊地层井壁设计及施工优化

基于朱集西煤矿风井井筒基岩段地质条件十分复杂,采用理论计算得出在该特殊地层中需要在井壁中配筋;研究了风井井壁结构的优化,调整了在特殊地层的井壁施工方案,结果表明井壁承载力得到提高,井筒顺利通过特殊地层。     

陈四楼矿风井次生灰岩段钻进与临时支护

分析了陈四楼矿风井所穿膨胀性次生灰岩地层的物理力学特性，介绍了井筒施工通过该地层钻进与临时支护情况，为今后安全顺利钻凿此类地层提供了经验。     

同位素示踪法在地下水渗流场测定中的应用

利用碘-131同位素示踪剂对某矿风井地带第四系砾石含水层进行单孔流速、流向测定.阐述同位素示踪法的基本原理及钻孔施工工艺,为矿井开凿提供可靠的水文地质参数.     

同位素示踪法在地下水渗流场测定中的应用

利用碘-131同位素示踪剂对赵家寨风井地带第四系砾石含水层进行了单孔流速、流向测定,阐述了同位素示踪法的基本原理及钻孔施工工艺,为生产提供可靠的水文地质资料.     

水玻璃化学浆在地面预注浆中的应用研究

为了解决立井井筒深部基岩微裂隙赋存传统颗粒性注浆材料无法注入的问题,对水玻璃化学浆液的基本性质及地面预注水玻璃化学浆的工艺进行了研究。研究表明:水玻璃化学浆液黏度低,可注性好,固结体强度较高,胶凝时间可调,适用于千米级井筒地面预注浆。在杨村矿风井地面预注浆中进行了现场应用,应用结果表明:杨村矿风井井筒深部基岩微裂隙含水地层采用地面预注水玻璃化学浆后,注浆堵水效果良好。     

太原组灰岩水的防治实践

介绍了沛城煤矿在太原组地层内建风井、风井石门穿过太原组１２层灰岩时对灰岩水害的防治方案和措施，及成巷后对主含水层的堵控利用。     

顾桥矿南进风井冻结工程施工工艺

简要介绍了顾南矿进风井冻结工程施工方案、钻孔施工、运行情况,总结了施工中的一些经验和不足之处,为今后类似地层的井筒施工提供借鉴。     

地面预注浆技术在立井第三系地层中的应用

在冷泉矿立风井第三系地层中利用地面预注浆技术，研究试验全注浆孔下套管及在含水层位置留设花管，人工造壁，分层止水的方法，创造了在孔内任一位置留设止浆塞，分层上行式注浆方式，达到了注浆堵水效果。为凿井过第三系地层开辟了新的技术途径。     

断层地质条件下竖井井壁变形监测技术研究

针对华北地区深层开采中冻结竖井施工过程中的井壁变形监测问题,设计了基于光纤光栅传感器的实时监测系统。以山西潞安集团余欣煤矿风井为研究对象,结合该风井结构,在井壁分层埋入光纤光栅传感器,通过主光纤将反射波长变化数据传送至地面进行数据处理,完成远程实时在线监测。应用结果表明,设计的基于光纤光栅监测技术具有较好的重复性和测量精度,符合地层地质特征,为国内同类型竖井的安全生产提供了理论和实践参考。     

Causes of Decreased Discharge and Damage to a Dewatering Well’s Gravel Coat

Drainage wells used in lignite mining have to be operated at high efficiency in order to achieve a targeted drawdown in the shortest time period possible. However, oversizing of pump units and excessive pumping can cause accelerated aging of wells and over time, decrease a well’s drainage efficiency. This article analyzes the case of a well that was operated for 10 years and then abandoned at a lignite mine. A common practice in installing dewatering wells in Poland is to protect the well screen with a pre-fabricated granular layer (called a “gravel coat”) that is attached to the screen when it is lowered into the hole. The combination of the gravel coat and well screen is surrounded by a protective gravel pack. Samples of the gravel coat were obtained from the abandoned well. The percentage by weight of precipitates in, and the porosity of the gravel coat from the abandoned well were determined and compared with the properties of new gravel coat material. Tests were conducted in the laboratory to compare hydraulic losses, apparent seepage velocity, effective velocity, and the hydraulic efficiency of the well’s gravel coat. The results of the tests explain the low hydraulic efficiency of the abandoned well and the origin of the damage to the gravel coat. The actual yield was also compared with the calculated theoretical safe yield, which was estimated based on the results of geological records from the construction of the well.     

井周钻孔补砾工艺在修井中的应用

提出了通过井周钻孔恢复旧井填砾层，提高管井涌水量的方法，通过在某电厂供水管井中的实践，证明效果良好。     

富水厚砾石层斜井围岩破坏机理试验研究(Ⅱ)

以新疆伊犁一矿为工程背景,设计了物理模型试验内容,建立了富水厚砾石层斜井围岩破坏机理模型试验方法。实现了加载作用下富水裸巷围岩破坏过程的试验模拟,并结合模型试验结果对围岩破坏过程中围岩压力、位移和孔隙水压力变化规律进行了分析。研究结果表明,在富水砾石层斜井开挖过程中,井筒围岩塌方破坏从拱顶开始,并逐渐向上发展;井筒开挖过程中,围岩应力总体呈下降趋势变化,围岩破坏过程中,拱顶和两帮垂直、水平应力均呈减小趋势变化,但底板和底角水平应力呈增加趋势变化;拱顶围岩位移变化量大于侧帮位移量,底板位移量最小;孔隙水压最大时,拱顶发生冒落,渗水是导致井筒围岩最终破坏的主要因素。     

降雨对矿山碎石土堆积体边坡稳定性影响

降雨形成的坡面流和渗流对排土场边坡的稳定性将产生一定影响。利用数值模拟技术,对西藏某铁矿排土场碎石土堆积体进行流固耦合计算,研究7天连续降雨对碎石土边坡的稳定性影响,得到以下结论：1）基于气象记录的最大降雨强度138 mm/d,在连续7天的降雨条件下,未对碎石土边坡造成明显的稳定性影响,安全系数从降雨前1.73降低至第4天的1.65后保持不变,最终安全系数远大于规范要求;2）饱和区首先在碎石土堆积体坡顶后缘和坡脚位置形成,随后基岩坡表局部也形成饱和区,在第4天表层的饱和区连通,湿润锋和饱和区随即逐渐向下扩散移动。表明前期渗流以沿坡表向下方向为主,后期以竖直向下为主;3）对碎石土堆积体各个部位的监测表明,此层中从未形成暂态饱和区,坡脚区域的饱和度大于坡顶后缘区域,两处均大于坡体其它区域。     

用陀螺定向提高风井贯通测量精度

取设备井投点接测统一导线坐标，及陀螺定向解决起算方位等措施，达到改善导线坐标方位角的计算精度，满足风井贯通测量的精度。     

富松散含水层下复合隔水层稳定性分析及渗流规律

针对任楼矿6415工作面富松散含水层下安全采煤这一问题,基于材料力学以及采动渗流理论,采用理论计算与数值模拟的方法,对复合隔水层的结构稳定性、渗流稳定性以及采动覆岩渗流规律进行了研究。结果表明:工作面推进45 m左右时,复合隔水层发生破断,顶板渗流失稳系数为0.948,接近于1,存在顶板突水的可能。采空区后方和工作面前方煤壁处的渗流速度急速增加,导水裂隙主要分布在采空区后方和工作面前方煤岩层中部拉伸断裂处,并且闭合状态随覆岩的运动状态不断发生改变。     

潘三矿1662（1）工作面保护层范围考察方案优化及问题分析

针对潘三矿1662（1）保护层工作面角度达到20°以上、原考察的保护层有效保护范围已不适用、按照《防治煤与瓦斯突出规定》确定的理论保护范围与实际预计保护范围差别较大的问题,提出利用井下布置测试钻孔考察确定保护范围的方案。方案确定在预计保护范围内布置2组共14个钻孔、在原始煤体内布置2个钻孔,测试每个钻孔的瓦斯压力、含量、透气性、钻孔瓦斯流量等参数。考虑到测试钻孔较深影响测试结果,提出钻孔封孔要至见煤点,确保严密不漏气。     

Single-borehole measuring method for broken rock zone in gently inclined thin layer weakness structure

According to the structural characteristics of gently inclined thin layer rock mass in which lots of weak interlayer existed, the concept of gently inclined thin layer weakness structure was proposed. If single-borehole measuring method of the acoustic along the conventional arrangement mode was used in measuring the broken rock zone in this structure, the change of the relationship curves (V _p -L) between acoustic p-wave velocity (V _p ) and borehole depth (L) would present the irregular feature due to the mechanical characteristics of layered rock mass and harmful effects of weak interlayers, and the scope of broken rock zone couldn’t be defined quickly. Based on the analysis of the mechanical characteristics of layered rock mass, the propagation rule of acoustic and distributions characteristics of plastic zone and slip zone in layered rock mass, new arrangement mode of acoustic measuring boreholes for broken rock zone in gently inclined thin layer weakness structure was proposed. Namely, the measuring boreholes in two sides were parallel to the strata, the measuring boreholes in the roof and floor perpendicular to the strata. Besides the controlling depth of the measuring boreholes in the scope of the large plastic zones or the large slip zones should be increased. Engineering example showed that new acoustic measuring boreholes arrangement mode had the better applicability and could determine the scope of the broken rock zone in the gently inclined thin layer weakness structure quickly. Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(50490274); National Key Project of Scientific and Technical Supporting Programs of China(2006BAB02A02); Guangxi University Research Foundation (X061068)     

渗水厚砾石层斜井围岩破坏机理模型试验

以新疆伊犁一矿为工程背景,设计了物理模型试验,建立了渗水条件下厚砾石层斜井围岩破坏机理模型试验方法.实现了渐进加载作用下渗流状态时井筒围岩塌方破坏过程的试验模拟,并结合模型试验结果对渗流状态下井筒围岩破坏过程及破坏过程中围岩应力和围岩位移变化规律进行了分析.研究结果表明,渗流条件下,非耦合支护厚砾石层巷道顶板离层现象明显,围岩顶板下沉量大于两帮围岩位移量,支架上承受的荷载明显增加;同时由于围岩的自承力明显减少,强度明显较低,支架受力就会变得很大,支架容易失稳;不同级渗流条件下,渐进加载时顶板土压力变化最为明显也最大,两帮的土压力次之.     

水平滤管和滤水碎石坑在尾矿坝降水中的应用

针对黄梅山铁矿甄山凹尾矿坝浸润线埋深浅，尾矿坝安全性差的状况，开展了水平滤管和滤水碎石坑排水降低浸润线的治理，工程实施后，浸润线下降效果明显。