一体化承载网络的互斥问题研究*

一体化承载网是一种全新的网络体系架构,其以网络承载服务为核心,结合可重构路由平台技术,根据用户的业务需求,在现有的物理网络上构建逻辑承载网。但构建逻辑网时,会产生分布式公用资源访问的互斥问题。针对一体化承载网络的体系结构,设计了一种基于令牌的互斥算法。该算法借鉴解决旅行商问题的算法思想,构造一个逻辑环,使得令牌遍历所有节点的代价最小,并提出了一种新的基于请求的令牌传递策略,能有效降低系统中的通信量。最后对算法进行了模拟仿真。     

一体化承载网络体系架构研究

传统信息网络因面向业务支撑设计而造成体系架构的刚性,无法满足业务发展多样性和网络异构的需求,因此无法适应下一代网络融合、可扩展等特点.面向服务提供的技术体系可以解决这一问题.文中以网络承载服务为核心,以可重构路由交换平台为关键支撑技术,设计出一种面向服务提供的网络体系架构--一体化承载网络(UCN)模型,以及基于UCN模型设计出的逻辑承载网的资源均衡构建算法(RBCA)并进行了网络仿真及结果分析,为下一代网络的研究和设计提供了新的思路.     

可重构安全承载网络构建与重构算法研究

现有互联网安全体系结构僵化且效率低下。基于“以可变的有限节点资源支持多样安全应用需求、以内置的安全结构提供多级安全保障”这一认识,避免单一追求高安全等级或高服务质量的简单模式,提供更高的灵活性和可扩展性,提出一种基于重构的安全业务—服务—构件模型,并在此基础上给出可重构网络安全体系的初步构想和具有多级安全保障的可重构安全承载网络结构,给出了可重构安全承载网络构建及重构算法。仿真结果验证了算法的有效性和性能。     

基于服务开放的一体化承载网设计

传统信息网络因面向业务支撑设计而造成体系架构的刚性,无法满足业务发展多样性和网络异构的需求,因此无法适应下一代网络融合、可扩展等特点。基于服务开放的技术体系可以解决这一问题。本文以网络承载服务为核心,以可重构路由交换平台为关键支撑技术,设计出一种面向服务提供的网络体系架构一体化承载网络模型,并对逻辑承载网的构建进行了讨论,为下一代网络的研究和设计提供了新的思路。     

基于等效资源的可重构服务承载网故障恢复机制

针对传统重映射故障恢复算法恢复效率低、服务中断时间长的问题,提出了一种基于等效资源的可重构服务承载网(RSCN)故障恢复算法FRA-ER。算法将故障RSCN恢复问题等价转化为寻找等效资源的问题,一次运算可恢复全部或部分故障RSCN,提高恢复效率;网络重构策略NRA周期性检测恢复后RSCN结构并进行调整优化以节省底层资源开销。仿真结果表明,与重映射算法及快速愈合算法相比,可减少平均恢复时间约15%,NRA平均每次可节省80的带宽消耗,使恢复成功率提高约10%。     

无线传感器网络数据的零范数最小化重构

利用压缩感知理论重构网络数据可有效减少无线传感器网络数据传输能耗。已有重构算法复杂度高,难以满足无线传感器网络的高实时性要求。为提高基于压缩感知理论的网络数据重构的实时性,提出一种零范数最小化重构方法。首先构造连续函数对离散的零范数函数进行逼近,然后通过求解连续函数的最优化问题得到零范数最小化的近似解。与以往的压缩感知重构方法相比,零范数最小化重构在保证重构准确度的前提下有效减小了算法复杂度。仿真实验验证了所提算法的正确性和有效性。     

网络虚拟化环境中面向服务聚合的映射算法

可重构信息通信基础网络通过构建宏电路实现针对特定服务的传输质量优化.由于该网络架构加入了对网络虚拟化技术的支持,因此在对服务请求进行映射时,若将类型相同的服务映射到同一组底层设备上,则能够有效提升宏电路的优化效果.针对该需求,提出了一种面向服务聚合的虚拟网映射算法,该算法综合考虑了底层设备的剩余资源和服务承载情况,使得服务可被优先映射到承载同类型服务较多的底层设备上.此外,为了对算法的运行时间进行优化,还提出了一种基于跳数约束的候选节点选取策略.实验结果表明,该算法不但在请求接收率和资源占用率等评价指标上有着较好表现,而且还能有效提高映射后服务的聚合程度.     

基于服务拓扑切分机制的无线传感网虚拟映射算法

为解决无线传感网部署过程中存在资源调度困难、映射成功率较低及传输性能不佳等问题,提出了一种基于服务拓扑切分机制的无线传感网虚拟映射算法。首先,基于图论思想,构建了物理网络与虚拟网络的映射关系,将网络按能耗、带宽、时延等指标进行切分,再构建多约束评估机制,达到整合优化评估网络映射的效果。随后,将业务请求拆分为若干个拓扑服务片,对传输链路进行逐项映射,并结合时延最小化原则对链路匹配排序,将业务进行精准匹配并优化传输质量。依据节点能耗及节点剩余能量最优匹配原则,选取服务能力最佳的节点。最后,构建多参数评估机制,将带宽较高且时延较低的链路置于较高优先级别并进行匹配带宽映射,进而提高网络传输及服务承载性能。仿真实验表明,与常用的网络虚拟映射算法相比,所提算法具有更高的节点链路映射成功率和网络传输带宽,以及更低的节点能耗。     

虚拟网络映射模型和算法研究

虚拟网络映射是网络虚拟化的关键问题之一,其目的是在满足虚拟网络资源需求的前提下,为该虚拟网络分配合适的底层网络节点和链路资源,从而在共享的物理网络基础设施之上构建彼此隔离的多重异构虚拟网络,为网络基础创新研究提供实验环境和平台,为网络新应用提供承载服务。论述了虚拟网络映射模型和映射算法,并提出基于最小割集理论设计VN映射算法。     

逻辑承载网构建方法的研究

面向服务提供的一体化承载网(UCN)的提出,增强了网络的可扩展性和可升级性,为实现三网融合提供了新的思路.如何有效管理UCN资源信息并且在物理资源有限的条件下构建出满足用户需求的逻辑承载网(LCN),是UCN研究中亟待解决的重点.文中给出了UCN的管理体系结构;提出了解决UCN资源拓扑发现和信息一致性问题的方法;建立了LCN构建数学模型,在构建策略的若干重要原则基础上,提出了带迁移同时考虑网络均衡的LCN构建方法;通过仿真实验,从构建需求接收率和构建后的平均链路利用率两个方面验证了该方法的有效性.     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.