用注入锁模法改善DFB激光器的频率响应

验证了通过注入锁模方法,分布反馈(DFB)半导体激光器的频率响应可以得到明显的改善.实验中通过一个环形器,将主激光器的输出光注入到从激光器.测量了从激光器在有注入光和没有注入光时的光谱和频率响应.发现在不同的注入光强度和波长下,激光器的调制带宽和弛豫振荡峰频率会发生变化.通过适当选择注入光的强度和波长,频率响应可以得到改善.激光器频率响应的改善可以用两个模式的拍频来解释,一个模式是从激光器的主模,另一个是主激光器的模式,该模式与从激光器的边带重合.该理论与实验结果符合得很好.     

注入锁定法布里-珀罗激光器的单模工作特性

使用分布式反馈(DFB)激光器对法布里-珀罗(F-P)激光器进行单模注入锁定.通过改变F-P激光器的偏置电流,DFB激光器的输出功率以及两激光器间的波长失谐量,对注入锁定F-P激光器的光谱特性、功率特性以及频率响应特性进行实验分析.找出影响注入锁定F-P激光器稳定性的因素,并测量注入锁定F-P激光器的稳定锁定区;通过优化注人条件实现F-P激光器的高边模抑制比(SMSR)输出,最高可达55 dB;通过与自由运转F-P激光器比较,发现注入锁定可以明显抑制半导体激光器在高频调制下光谱的展宽.注入锁定后F-P激光器的3 dB调制带宽接近14 GHz.实验结果表明,通过合理设计光注入条件,注入锁定技术可以明显改善F-P激光器的光谱特性以及高频响应特性,并在高速光纤通信领域中得到广泛应用.     

利用光自注入改善DFB激光器的频率响应

介绍了一种简单有效的自注入方法,通过该方法对直接调制的分布反馈半导体激光器进行光自注入,可以得到非常平坦的频率响应曲线.实验中使用一个环形器和一个1×2耦合器来实现光自注入.实验结果表明,在不同的偏置电流下,适当改变自注入光的偏振状态,频率响应曲线的张弛振荡峰可以得到很好地抑制.     

利用光自注入改善DFB激光器的频率响应

介绍了一种简单有效的自注入方法,通过该方法对直接调制的分布反馈半导体激光器进行光自注入,可以得到非常平坦的频率响应曲线.实验中使用一个环形器和一个1×2耦合器来实现光自注入.实验结果表明,在不同的偏置电流下,适当改变自注入光的偏振状态,频率响应曲线的张弛振荡峰可以得到很好地抑制.     

基于波长转换技术的一种低成本WDM-EPON方案

提出了一种新的波分复用以太网无源光网络(WDM-EPON)方案.该方案基于注入锁模和波长转换技术,可以重用现有EPON网络中的光网络单元(ONU),实现了由EPON向WDM-EPON的平滑升级.系统中,使用工作在注入锁定模式的FP激光器输出作为波长转换节点的输入探测光,显著降低了成本.仿真实验验证了这种低成本WDM-PON方案及其在升级应用中的可行性.     

注入连续光实现锁模光纤激光器的波长稳定

提出了一种实现锁模光纤激光器波长稳定的方法,即向锁模激光器腔内注入连续光,使某一组纵模在注入连续光的基础上起振。这组纵模在对增益介质的竞争中可以稳定地占据优势,从而实现激光器输出光谱的稳定。理论分析发现注入连续光会使锁模激光器纵模线宽变大,而线宽的增大将会增加进入纵模的连续光功率。在实验中对基于掺铒光纤放大器(EDFA)的主动锁模光纤激光器进行波长稳定,激光器的调制频率为10.06 GHz,观察到了良好的稳定效果。为进一步检验波长稳定的效果,对锁模光纤激光器进行波长稳定后,将其输出的光信号经过一个法布里-珀罗(F-P)滤波器,稳定地滤出了功率较高的纵模。法布里-珀罗滤波器的自由光谱区(FSR)为40.24 GHz,透射峰3 dB带宽为40 MHz。实验结果证明纵模被稳定在法布里-珀罗滤波器的透射峰范围内,纵模波长的波动小于40 MHz。     

反馈光注入半导体激光器复合腔模的稳定性

利用渐进稳定性分析的方法研究了小注入电流条件下反馈光注入半导体激光器的复合腔模(ECM)的稳定性,并提出对应于所有的复合腔模在相空间内存在一个模式稳定区域,复合腔模出现在该模式稳定区域内的概率远大于出现在该模式稳定区域外.通过求解复合腔模的鞍结分岔及霍普夫分岔边界条件并计算载流子浓度的庞加莱截图,验证了模式稳定区域的存在.数值计算的半导体激光器载流子浓度的分岔图验证了在小注入电流条件下渐进分析的可靠性.     

注入锁定半导体激光器全光波长转换技术

波长转换器是光通信网络中的一个重要器件。而除半导体光放大器（SOA）外，半导体激光器也是进行波长变换的一种很好选择。基于半导体激光器的注入锁定波长变换技术具有转换带宽较大、啁啾小、消光比特性好、结构简单、成本低廉等诸多优点。将探测光与信号光同步注入法布里-珀罗（F-P）半导体激光器，可以通过信号光功率的变化控制激光器锁模与失锁，导致腔内纵模变化，探测光随之被共振放大或减弱，从而将信息由信号光转换到探测光频率上。从静态实验入手，对半导体激光器的注入锁定现象及光信号控制法布里-珀罗纵模移动等问题分别进行了研究。分析了动态转换激光器工作点的选取问题，在动态实验中实现了较宽范围的正相与反相波长转换，转换速率达到了10Gb／s。     

内置光纤光栅的主动锁模光纤环形激光器输出光脉冲波长的电切换

介绍了内置光纤光栅的主动锁模光纤环形激光器输出光脉冲波长电切换的工作原理和实验结果。同一个光纤环形激光器输出的由光纤光栅布喇格波长决定的两个不同波长的光脉冲可以每秒十万次的速度切换。     

光纤光栅耦合附加腔被动锁模激光器特性的分析

对光纤光栅耦合附加腔被动锁模激光器进行了详细分析 ,得到了附加腔锁模激光器的振荡条件。研究表明在稳定工作状态下 ,附加腔锁模激光器的增益、损耗、两腔之间的耦合效率以及激光振荡波长等参数在复平面上将构成一个近似的等腰三角形。对振荡初期增益的研究表明 ,主腔增益在光纤光栅中心波长两侧有明显的不对称性 ,这将会造成激光器输出光脉冲光谱的不对称性。对谐振腔的进一步分析表明 ,由于光波在光纤光栅中具有一定的穿透深度 ,为了实现激光振荡 ,两谐振腔的名义长度差需要保持一个确定的值     

High-frequency broad-band signal generation using a semiconductor laser with a chaotic optical injection

Chaotic signals with a flat power spectrum over 20 GHz have been generated using two commercially available semiconductor lasers coupled in a unidirectional master-slave scheme. The master laser has an external optical feedback that induces optical chaos in the laser output. A part of the chaotic light output from the master laser is injected into the slave laser. We experimentally demonstrated the generation of broad-band signals up to 22 GHz using lasers whose relaxation oscillation frequency in the free-running state is only around 6.4 GHz. We also show that the experimental results can be well reproduced by numerical simulations using two coupled rate equations. The numerical investigation shows that the high-frequency broad-band signal generation is owing to two key effects: high-frequency oscillations as a result of beating between the master and slave laser lights, and spectrum flattening due to the injection of the chaotic signal. The flatness, stability, and tunability of the power spectra demonstrated in our experiments suggests that the proposed system can be potentially useful for generation of high-frequency broad-band random signals.     

Amplitude-modulation sideband injection locking characteristics ofsemiconductor lasers and their application

Amplitude-modulation (AM) sideband injection-locking characteristics of 1.3-μm distributed-feedback lasers are studied experimentally. When the master laser light, which is amplitude-modulated, is injected into slave lasers, the slave lasers can be phase-locked to each sideband of the master laser. This means that the frequency separation between slave lasers can be controlled by the modulation frequency of the master laser. By controlling the injection power, it is possible to achieve a very stable AM sideband injection-locked state of slave lasers. Results on phase-noise and phase-modulation measurements, the frequency stabilization between two channels, and the injection locking to a short pulse are presented. On the basis of the experimental results, an example for designing the multifrequency laser transmitter by means of the AM sideband injection-locking and the mode-locking techniques is described     

Enhanced Modulation Bandwidth of a Fabry–PÉrot Semiconductor Laser Subject to Light Injection From Another Fabry–PÉrot Laser

Variations in optical spectrum and modulation bandwidth of a modulated Fabry-Perot (FP) semiconductor laser subject to the external light injection from another FP Laser is investigated in this paper. Optimal wavelength matching conditions for two FP lasers are discussed. A series of experiments show that two FP lasers should have a central wavelength overlapping and a mode spacing difference of several gigahertz. Under these conditions both the magnitude and phase frequency responses can be improved significantly.     

Frequency modulation on single sideband using controlled dynamics of an optically injected semiconductor laser

Nonlinear dynamics of an optically injected semiconductor laser is applied to photonic microwave generation. By properly adjusting the injection conditions, the optical frequency of the slave laser is first locked to the master laser. The slave laser is then driven into a periodic dynamical state, resulting in a single-sideband (SSB) microwave modulation on the optical carrier. The frequency of the SSB can be controlled by the optical injection strength and detuning. Frequency-modulated SSB can, thus, be obtained from a modulated injection. In this work, we experimentally investigate the generated SSB in terms of its broad tunability and fast modulation response. The results suggest application of this system in radio-over-fiber and optical subcarrier multiplexing technologies when microwave frequency modulation or frequency-shift keying is employed.     

Intermodal injection locking and gain profile measurement of GaAlAs lasers

Injection locking of a GaAlAs laser by coupling light into a nonlasing Fabry-Perot mode separated by up to 22 mode spacings (60 Å) from the free-running lasing mode is demonstrated. The gain spectra for operation above threshold are determined from measurements of the wavelength dependence of the injected power required for locking. These results are compared to gain curves deduced from spontaneous emission spectra measured slightly below threshold. For the greatest wavelength separation, the gain difference was found to be about 4 cm^-1, with injected power levels of 1 percent of the total slave laser power required to obtain 75 percent of the total energy at the master laser frequency.     

All-optical clock distribution with synchronous frequency division and multiplication

A master optical clock from a mode locked laser is distributed to two slave twin section lasers. One slave laser divides the optical modulation frequency by 2, the other slave laser multiples the frequency by 2. It is also possible to vary the multiplication-division ratio in a slave laser using only DC control of the absorber of the twin section laser.<>     

Small signal analysis of optical FM signal amplification by aninjection-locked type semiconductor laser amplifier

A small-signal analysis for optical FM signal amplification by an injection-locked type semiconductor laser amplifier with consideration of the spurious intensity modulation (SIM) is presented. In general, the performance of optical FM signal amplification by a laser amplifier is affected by the value of the injection power, by the performance of the injecting laser (the master laser), and by the difference between the emission frequencies of the master and slave optical cavities. In particular, when the modulation frequency is very low, the output frequency deviation (FD) of the laser amplifier turns out to coincide with that of the master laser. However, SIM of the laser amplifier in this case is influenced by the injection conditions. A suitable definition, the ratio of the output FD to SIM to the input FD to SIM, is given to evaluate the performance of an injection-locked-type semiconductor laser amplifier     

利用激光边带注入法实现光脉冲的减速和存储

基于激光边带注入法在铷原子蒸气中实现了电磁诱导透明、光脉冲的减速和存储.为实现对铷原子的相干操控,将主激光器的输出锁定在铷87原子D1线F=1→F'=2的跃迁谱线上,经6.8 GHz电光调制器(EOM)调制后,负一阶频率边带与D1线F=2→F'=2跃迁频率共振.将负一阶频率边带注入锁定从激光器,主激光器和从激光器输出的两束激光和铷原子的两基态超精细能级达到双光子共振,实现相干操控铷原子.将主激光器和从激光器输出的两束激光作为探测光和耦合光输入到铷泡中,通过操控两光束的波形和开关观察到电磁诱导透明、光脉冲的减速和存储.     

Continuous-wave frequency synthesis of a laser diode based ondiscrete-time negative frequency feedback: II. Theory

For part I, see, ibid., vol. 31, no.6, p. 1038, 1995. In this paper, we present the theory for a novel lightwave frequency synthesis system demonstrated recently. The system is composed of a frequency stabilized master laser, a frequency tunable slave laser, and an active optical feedback loop with an acoustooptic frequency shifter. The reference frequency is synthesized by circulating the optical pulse from the master laser around the loop and one output pulse with the desired frequency shift is used to stabilize the frequency of the slave laser. The theoretical aspects of the frequency synthesis system are explained based on the control theory for discrete-time negative feedback. We evaluate the frequency stability numerically by means of the Allan variance for different sampling periods, and reveal the relation between the frequency fluctuation characteristics of the slave laser in its free running condition. The numerical results agree with those of the reported experiments