短快拍条件下宽带chirp信号的波达方向估计

传统的波达方向(DOA)估计算法角度分辨率低或者依赖于大量的快拍,基于稀疏参数估计的SPICE谱估计算法虽然在很少的快拍数即短快拍条件下就能达到较高的分辨率以及低的旁瓣水平,但是只适用于窄带信号。为了解决上述问题,即仅依靠少量快拍实现对宽带线性调频(chirp)信号的高分辨率DOA估计,提出了一种FrFT-SPICE算法。首先,将宽带chirp信号进行特定阶次的分数阶傅里叶变换(FrFT),将时域的chirp波形变为FrFT域的单频正弦波形;其次,推导出FrFT之后接收信号的方向向量;最后,将方向向量代入到窄带的SPICE算法中,实现对宽带chirp信号的DOA估计。仿真实验中,在少量快拍以及扫描间隔相同的前提下,同多重信号分类(MUSIC)与FrFT相结合的FrFT-MUSIC算法相比, FrFT-SPICE在DOA估计的分辨率方面有所提高;而同将空间重采样(SR)与迭代自适应算法(IAA)相结合的SR-IAA相比, FrFT-SPICE在估计精度上有所提高。实验结果表明,所提算法能够在短快拍条件下实现对宽带chirp信号的高分辨率、高精度的DOA估计。     

声矢量阵目标估计的新方法

矢量传感器的阵信号处理是研究矢量阵工程化应用的重要内容,但其运算量大.针对这一问题,提出了一种矢量阵的改进MMUSIC算法,该方法将维纳滤波引入到MMUSIC算法中,避免了矩阵的特征值分解,降低了运算量.采用矢量传感器均匀线阵研究该算法的性能,进行了仿真研究和实验验证.计算机仿真和实验结果表明:提出的算法可以清晰分辨相...     

单基地MIMO雷达中相干目标的波达角和多普勒频率快速联合估计算法

针对单基地MIMO中相干目标的波达角（Direction-of-arrival,DOA）和多普勒频率联合估计问题,提出了一种降维-前向平滑-传播算子算法（Reduced dimension-forward spatial smoothing-propagator method,RD-FSS-PM）。该算法首先通过对接收信号进行降维变换以降低复杂度,继而利用前向平滑技术（Forward spatial smoothing,FSS）实现解相干,最后通过传播算子算法（Propagator method,PM）实现了对相干目标的波达角和多普勒频率联合估计,且无需额外配对。与传统的FSS-PM算法相比,所提算法波达角估计性能提升,多普勒频率估计性能接近而复杂度大大降低。本文同时分析了算法的理论均方误差（Mean squared error,MSE）和单基地MIMO雷达中波达角和多普勒频率联合估计问题的克拉美罗界（Cramer-Rao bound,CRB）。最后提供了详尽的仿真实验以验证算法的性能。     

相参脉冲串多普勒频率变化率估计算法

给出了一种新的利用相参脉冲串进行多普勒频率变化率估计的算法,选取准最佳算法估计频率,减小了频率估计误差.对各脉冲进行脉内相关积累,将相参脉冲串变换成一个新的线性调频信号序列.该序列的样本点数是脉冲个数、采样间隔是脉冲重复周期、调频斜率是多普勒频率变化率、信噪比提高为输入信噪比的N倍(N是脉内采样点数).因此,可以在较低的信噪比条件下精确估计多普勒频率变化率.仿真结果表明,该算法能在比现有算法更低的信噪比条件下精确估计多普勒频率变化率,其性能接近相参脉冲串多普勒频率变化率估计的克拉美-罗限.     

基于调零技术的相干干扰抑制方法

在干扰信号相干的情况下, 一般波束形成方法不能准确地对相干信号和期望信号进行到达角（DOA）估计, 干扰抑制效果较差。通过对相干信号和加权矢量二次型性能函数的分析, 提出了一种相干干扰抑制方法, 即基于多约束最小均方（multiple constrained least mean square, MC-LMS）算法的空域调零抗干扰技术。该方法利用MC-LMS算法迭代计算权值, 并对阵列信号自适应加权输出, 通过频谱分析可以得到抑制干扰的效果。计算机仿真和工程实现表明该方法在复杂的电磁环境下能对相干干扰进行抑制, 并通过抗干扰的数量和抗干扰性能验证了该方法的有效性。     

Multicomponent chirp signals analysis using product cubic phase function

This paper presents an algorithm for estimating the parameters of multicomponent chirp signals. The estimator is based on the cubic phase function (CPF), which is efficient to estimate the parameters of monocomponent first-, second-, and third-order polynomial phase signal. When the CPF is dealing with multicomponent chirp signals, the spurious peaks arise and hence the identifiability problem exists. A new approach based on the product cubic phase function (PCPF) is proposed to remove the identifiability problem. The occurrence probability of spurious peak, and the effect of noise to the estimator are statistically studied. The simulation examples are provided for validating the theoretical analysis.     

基于支持向量回归的非线性多功能传感器信号重构

在多功能传感器信号重构中,通常采用经验风险最小化准则实现函数回归,在小样本情况下,该方法易导致泛化性差和过拟合问题.本文利用支持向量回归方法实现非线性多功能传感器信号重构,支持向量机是基于结构风险最小化准则的新型机器学习方法,可有效抑制过拟合问题并改善泛化性能.仿真结果表明经该算法重构后的信号重构误差率在0.4%以下,重构效果较好,验证了该算法的有效性.     

一种改进的加权空间平滑算法

对加权空间平滑算法计算加权因子时需要预估计信源方向的问题,提出 了一种新的相干信源波达方向估计的加权空间平滑算法。在计算加权矩阵时不需要知道信源 的先验信息,也不需要预估计信源方向,而是对原始阵列进行特殊结构的子阵划分,结合子 阵间的自、互相关矩阵对角度估计的贡献不同,采用嵌套的空间平滑算法得到加权矩阵,从 而实现相干信源的解相干和波达方向估计。本文算法相比原算法具有更优的加权因子、更好 的解相干 性能、更高的角度分辨率和角度估计的准确性。理论分析和仿真结果表明新算法的有效 性。     

High resolution time-frequency representation for chirp signals using an adaptive system based on duffing oscillators

This paper presents a novel methodology to estimate the frequency shift in chirp signals with SNRs as low as −17 dB through the use of an adaptive array of Duffing oscillators. The system used here is an array of five Duffing oscillators with each oscillator's response enhanced through a correlation with the reference signal. As a final result, a time-frequency depiction is provided by the Duffing array for further analysis of chirp signals.Using computer simulated experiments, it is found that the analysis of chirp signals with low SNR by means of the Duffing oscillator shows a markedly better performance than the conventional methods of time-frequency analysis. To this end, the results obtained from the proposed Duffing method are compared against some recent techniques in time-frequency analysis.Furthermore, to strengthen the proposed representation, Monte Carlo simulation is used.     

基于时间平滑和Toeplitz矩阵重构的复相干信号DoA估计

针对相干多径环境,分别利用时间平滑和Toeplitz矩阵重构算法实现了复相干信号的波达方向(DoA)估计,并进一步通过数学分析和计算机仿真对这两种算法的性能进行了对比,得出结论：时间平滑算法和Toeplitz矩阵重构算法对复相干信号的DoA估计均具有效性,Toeplitz矩阵重构算法性能相对较好,但有一定阵列孔径损失;而基于时间平滑算法无阵列孔径损失,可估计M-1个多径信号(M为阵元数),但计算量偏大。     

基于混合型MUSIC算法对相干信源DOA估计

在实际通信环境中,由于传播环境的复杂性使空间中存在大量的相干信号,从而导致信源协方差矩阵的秩亏缺。为使得矩阵的秩恢复到等于信号源数并解决相干信源波达方向（direction of arrival ,DOA）估计问题,提出了一种混合型MUSIC算法。该算法通过前后向空间平滑技术对天线阵列进行预处理,并将得到的新协方差矢量矩阵应用于改进的IMUSIC算法进行信号数据处理分析,得到相干信号的DOA角度估计。仿真结果表明,在信噪比低的情况下,信号间隔很小且存在相关信号时,混合型MUSIC算法能准确地估计出信源的DOA,验证了该算法的高分辨率和高性能。     

基于最小二乘支持向量机的航煤干点软测量应用研究

传统支持向量机是近几年发展起来的一种基于统计学习理论的学习机器,在非线性函数回归估计方面有许多应用。最小二乘支持向量机用等式约束代替传统支持向量机方法中的不等式约束,利用求解一组线性方程得出对象模型,避免了求解二次规划问题。本文采用最小二乘支持向量机解决了航空煤油干点的在线估计问题,结果表明,最小二乘支持向量机学习速度快、精度高,是一种软测量建模的有效方法。在相同样本条件下,比RBF网络具有较好的模型逼近性和泛化性能,比传统支持向量机可节省大量的计算时间。     

Adaptive maximum windowed likelihood multicomponent AM-FM signal decomposition

Considering a real signal as the sum of a number of sinusoidal signals in the presence of additive noise, maximum windowed likelihood (MWL) criterion is introduced and applied to construct an adaptive algorithm in order to estimate the amplitude and frequency of these components. The amplitudes, phases and frequencies are assumed to be slowly time varying. Employing MWL an adaptive algorithm is obtained in two steps. First, assuming some initial values for the frequency of each component, a closed form is derived to estimate the amplitudes. Then, the gradient of MWL is used to adaptively track the frequencies, using the latter values of amplitudes. The proposed algorithm has a parallel structure in which each branch estimates parameters of one of the components. The proposed multicomponent phase locked loop (MPLL) algorithm is implemented employing low complexity blocks. It is adjustable to be used in different conditions. The mean squared error of the algorithm is studied to analyze the effect of the window length and type and the step size. Simulations have been conducted to illustrate the efficiency and the performance of the algorithm in different conditions including: the effect of the initialization, the frequency resolution, for chirp components, for components during frequency crossover and for speech signals. Simulations illustrate that the method efficiently tracks slowly time-varying components of the signals such as voiced speech segments.     

一种L型阵列的相干分步降维DOA估计方法*

针对相干信号二维波达方向(Direction Of Arrival,DOA)估计运算复杂度高的问题,本文提出了一种基于前后向空间平滑的分步降维MUSIC算法。该算法首先通过前后向空间平滑技术去相干,然后通过一维空间谱搜索得到一维入射角,最后通过最小二乘法得到二维入射角,进而得到相干信号的DOA。仿真实验表明该方法可以实现对相干信号的二维DOA估计,且具有较好的DOA估计性能,同时降低了运算复杂度。     

Optimized DOA estimation for an array antenna

Abstract—In this paper, we propose a Direction-of-Arrival (DOA) estimation technique that allows application of the signal subspace method. In the case when interference signals are coherent to the desired signals, the performance of the subspace method is reduced remarkably. As a solution to this problem, the spatial smoothing method has been proposed and applied. With the orthogonal element in the weighted spatial smoothing method being the calculation process to realize the MUSIC method, which is the most frequently used subspace, it becomes more complex. In order to solve this problem, we maximize the performance of DOA estimation by assigning a weight vector, which is directly orthogonal to the signal subspace. In this paper we compare the efficiency of the proposed algorithm with a modified spatial smoothing method via simulation results. The text was submitted by the authors in English.     

一种实用的空间平滑ESPRIT 算法

针对移动通信环境中多径传播的信号到来方向估计问题，结合空间平滑技术，提出一种空间平滑的ESPRIT算法，并给出了多径信号数目的推定方法．仿真结果证明，与ESPRIT算法相比，所提出的算法不仅适用于独立信号源，而且适用于相关信号源，具有分辨率高、计算量小等特点。     

Improving the performance of LSSVM model in predicting the safety factor for circular failure slope through optimization algorithms

Circular failure can be seen in weak rocks, the slope of soil, mine dump, and highly jointed rock mass. The challenging issue is to accurately predict the safety factor (SF) and the behavior of slopes. The aim of this study is to offer advanced and accurate models to predict the SF of slopes through machine learning methods improved by optimization algorithms. To this view, three different methods, i.e., trial and error (TE) method, gravitational search algorithm (GSA), and whale optimization algorithm (WOA) were used to investigate the proper control parameters of least squares support vector machine (LSSVM) method. In the constructed LSSVM-TE, LSSVM-GSA and LSSVM-WOA methods, six effective parameters on the SF, such as pore pressure ratio and angle of internal friction, were used as the input parameters. The results of the error criteria indicated that both GSA and WOA can improve the performance prediction of the LSSVM method in predicting the SF. However, the LSSVM-WOA method, with root mean square error of 0.141, performed better than the LSSVM-GSA with root mean square error of 0.170.

     

基于时频分析的多媒体信息保密技术研究

提出了一个在二维空间时一频分布域的抗几何攻击的多媒体信息保密算法。利用线性频率变化来表示水印信息,通过二维Radon-Wigner变换来检测水印,二维线性调频信号作为水印,这种信号对各种静态滤波器都是不变的,而且还具有几何对称性。在二维Radon-Withe,变换域,作为水印的线性调频信号在遭受缩放、旋转和剪切等线性几何攻击的情况下,仅仅改变其在空间／时-频分布中的位置,由此产生的水印是不可见的,在StirMark测试中效果很好,对于几何攻击是鲁棒的。对比其他的保密算法,该算法尤其对于几何破坏具有更好的鲁棒性,同时还具有优良的频率特性。     

基于循环谱的猝发信号解调

针对传统解调方法应用于猝发信号解调的缺点,提出了一种运用循环谱解调猝发信号算法,采用循环谱快速估计猝发信号的载波频率,根据载波频率进行猝发信号的解调,对以BPSK和QPSK调制方式的猝发信号进行了仿真。仿真结果显示：在满足一定约束条件下,该方法可以快速地捕获猝发信号的载波频率,从而实现了在较短的时间内解调出猝发信号,并且采用此算法对猝发信号进行解调的结果和理论分析一致。     

Tactile data modeling and interpretation for stable grasping and manipulation

This paper is devoted to present the latest results on the exploitation of the force/tactile sensor developed by the authors in terms of modeling and interpretation of the data provided by the device. An analytical nonlinear model of the elastically deformable sensor is derived and validated, which allows to reconstruct the position and orientation of the surface in contact with a rigid object on the basis of the sensor signals. The reconstruction is performed via an Extended Kalman Filter able to counteract the measurement noise and to handle the nonlinearity of the model at the same time. The contact plane position and orientation information together with the contact force vector measured by the sensor are used to estimate the physical parameter most relevant to manipulation control purposes: the friction coefficient. A slippage control algorithm is presented which exploits the estimated friction and a novel slipping detection algorithm is proposed to cope with the unavoidable uncertainties of the real world and its effectiveness is experimentally proved in comparison with the existing techniques.