磺化杂萘联苯聚醚酮酮质子交换膜材料的合成与性能

以4-(4-羟基苯基)-2,3-二氮杂萘-1-酮(DHPZ)、1,4-二(3-磺酸钠基-4-氟代苯甲酰基)苯(SBFBB)和1,4-二(4-氯代苯甲酰基)苯(BCBB)为原料,经高温溶液缩聚反应,成功制备了一系列不同磺化度的新型杂萘联苯聚醚酮酮(SPPEKKs).利用FT-IR和1H-NMR对聚合物结构进行表征.采用溶液浇铸法制备了聚合物薄膜.测定了膜的吸水率,溶胀率,离子交换容量,耐氧化性和质子传导率.结果表明该系列磺化杂萘联苯聚醚酮酮膜具有良好的抗氧化性和较高的质子传导率.     

磺化聚芳醚酮酮砜离子交换膜的制备与性能

采用直接缩聚的方法,通过调整磺化单体(3,3′-二磺酸钠基-4,4′-二氯二苯砜)和非磺化单体(1,4′-二(4′-氟苯甲酰)苯)的比例与双酚单体(2,2′-二(4-羟基苯基)丙烷)共聚合成了系列具有不同磺化度(0.2～1.2)的磺化聚芳醚酮酮砜共聚物。通过红外分析(FT-IR),差示扫描量热分析(DSC),热重分析(TGA)对其结构和性能进行了表征,研究表明,随着磺化度的增加,Na+离子的扩散系数从0.96×10-11S2/m增加到1.25×10-10S2/m,并通过透射电镜(TEM)对其进行了微观结构研究,从结构上解释了膜的物理性能,初步建立了结构与性能之间的关系。     

一种非氟掺杂型质子交换膜材料的制备及表征

将自制的二氮杂萘酮类双酚(DHPZ)、磺化4,4'-二氯二苯砜(SDCS-Na),与商用双酚A(BPA)及4,4'-二氟二苯酮(DFK)进行溶液直接共缩聚反应,合成一系列磺化度可任意调控的新型磺化聚芳醚砜酮(SPBESKs)共聚物.将此聚合物与聚醚酮(PPEK)以7∶3(质量比)溶解在N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮(NMP)中配成10%(质量分数)的成膜液,60℃下刮制成膜.用FTIR、1H-NMR和特性粘度(η)等手段对聚合物进行了表征,并对膜的性能进行了研究.研究结果表明掺杂PPEK后成膜性提高,膜的含水率、溶胀率、离子交换能力(IEC)、水解稳定性、抗氧化性等随磺化度的变化呈一定的规律性,聚合物磺化度0.70和0.80的膜IEC值分别为1.04和1.29mmol/g.     

磺化联苯侧基双二氮杂萘酮聚芳醚酮膜的制备

以1′,4-二(1,1′-联苯基)-6,6′-双二氮杂萘-1,4′-二酮、4-(4-羟苯基)-2,3-二氮杂萘-1-酮和4,4′-二氟二苯酮进行共聚合，经磺化改性制备了新型磺化联苯侧基双二氮杂萘酮聚醚酮(SPDPEKs).通过核磁共振波谱、红外光谱对SPDPEKs的结构进行表征.采用溶液浇铸法制备了SPDPEKs质子交换膜，对其离子交换容量(IEC)、溶胀率、质子传导率以及耐氧化性进行了测试.结果表明：SPDPEK质子交换膜的IEC介于0.75～1.77 mmol/g之间，在80℃下的吸水率介于9.2%～30.2%之间，溶胀率低于10%;SPDPEKs膜在95℃的质子传导率介于53.3～146.2 mS/cm,在80℃芬顿试剂中的破裂时间在3.4～5.3 h之间，溶解时间则介于12～36 h.SPDPEKs膜表现出良好的尺寸稳定性、质子传导性和耐氧化稳定性.     

新型聚芳醚酮离聚物膜材料的合成及结构表征

以二氯二苯甲烷和2,6-二甲基苯酚为原料合成了含有阻碍基团的双酚单体,用此双酚单体和1,3-二(4-氟苯甲酰基苯)在无水碳酸钾存在的条件下反应制得聚芳醚酮,然后用氯磺酸磺化,控制反应条件,使磺酸基团恰好进入苯环对位,制得新型结构的磺化聚芳醚酮。用DM SO溶解,倾于干净平整的玻璃板上制得无氟质子交换膜。     

多酮基聚芳醚酮的结晶行为

以1,3-二(4-氯甲酰基苯甲酰基)苯(i-DMBC)和1,4-二(4-苯氧基苯甲酰基)苯(p-DPOPKK)为单体,通过低温溶液共缩聚反应合成了主链含多酮基的聚芳醚酮。用差示扫描量热法(DSC)及广角X射线衍射(WAXD)技术研究了含多酮基聚芳醚酮的结晶行为。研究结果表明,多酮基聚芳醚酮聚合物中存在多晶型,通过等温结晶、冷牵伸取向等方式对熔融-淬火处理后的无定型聚合物进行诱导结晶,可以改变聚合物的结晶度及结构中不同晶型的比例。     

含醚键双二氮杂萘酮结构聚芳醚腈砜的合成与性能

文中以含醚键双二氮杂萘酮结构化合物4,4’-双(氧基(1,4-苯撑))-双二氮杂萘-1(2H)酮-二苯醚(OBDHPZ)为类双酚单体,与4,4’-二氟二苯砜(DFS)和2,6’-二氟苯腈(DFBN)进行高温溶液缩聚反应,通过调节聚合物分子主链中砜基和氰基等的含量,合成了一系列不同腈砜比的含醚键双二氮杂萘酮联苯结构聚芳醚腈砜树脂(PBPENS),其N-甲基吡咯烷酮(NMP)溶液在25℃的特性黏度为0.63～0.90 dL/g。通过红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱和广角X射线衍射仪表征了所合成聚芳醚腈砜的结构;通过差示扫描量热仪和热失重分析仪分析了该类聚芳醚腈砜的热性能,聚合物的玻璃化转变温度(T_g)在322～325℃,5%热失重温度(T_d5%)在485～500℃。该类聚合物在常温时可溶解于NMP、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺(DMAc)、氯仿等极性非质子有机溶剂;采用溶液浇筑法制备了含醚键双二氮杂萘酮结构聚芳醚腈砜薄膜,薄膜的拉伸强度可以达到56～65 MPa。     

含甲基侧基聚芳醚砜醚酮酮的合成与表征

用邻甲酚或间甲酚与4,4‘-二氯二苯砜合成2,2‘-二甲基-4,4‘-二苯氧基二苯砜(o-CH3-DPODPS)或3,3‘-二甲基-4,4‘-二苯氧基二苯砜(m-CH3-DPODPS),然后与对苯二甲酰氯(TPC)或间苯二甲酰氯(IPC)进行缩聚,得到一类新型含甲基侧基的聚芳醚砜醚酮酮聚合物.用FT-IR,^1H-NMR,DSC,TGA,X-ray等方法对单体和聚合物进行表征.结果表明,这种可溶性的非晶态聚合物具有较高的玻璃化转变温度Tg和较好的耐热性能.     

一类含二异丙基芴结构可溶性聚芳醚酮的合成及表征

以9-芴酮和2-异丙基苯酚为起始原料,经一步有机反应,合成了一种含二异丙基芴结构双酚单体9,9-双(3-异丙基-4-羟基苯基)芴(IPBF)。将该单体分别与4,4’-二氟二苯甲酮,1,4-双(4-氟苯甲酰基)苯经高温溶液缩聚,制备了一类可溶性聚芳醚酮。该类聚芳醚酮表现出优异的溶解性能,常温下不仅能溶于高沸点溶剂N-甲基吡咯烷酮(NMP)、二甲基乙酰胺(DMAc)和二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)中,还能溶于低沸点的CHCl3、四氢呋喃(THF)等溶剂中。由该类聚合物溶液涂覆所制薄膜表现出良好的热学性能及力学性能,其在空气和氮气中10%热失重温度都在400℃以上,膜最大拉伸强度达65 MPa。此外,该系列聚芳醚酮还具有浅的颜色和较好的光学透明性。     

新型质子交换膜材料磺化聚亚胺醚酮的合成与表征

以50%发烟硫酸为磺化剂,将4,4’-二氟二苯酮反应生成3,3’-二磺酸基-4,4’-二氟二苯酮,然后以3,3’-二磺酸基-4,4’-二氟二苯酮、4,4’-二氟二苯酮与3,3’-二羟基二苯胺为单体通过亲核取代反应生成了磺化聚亚胺醚酮。并且对生成的产物结构采用FT-IR、1 H-NMR、TG、DSC进行表征分析。     

Synthesis and characterization of poly(ether sulfone ether ketone ketone) grafted poly(sulfopropyl methacrylate) for proton exchange membranes via atom transfer radical polymerization

A series of copolymers of poly(ether sulfone ether ketone ketone) grafted poly(sulfopropyl methacrylate) (PESEKK-g-PSPMA) were successfully synthesized by atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) of sulfopropyl methacrylate (SPMA) after chloromethylation of poly(ether sulfone ether ketone ketone) (PESEKK) backbone. The structure of the chloromethyl PESEKK and the copolymers were carefully investigated. Variation of the polymerization time leads to the formation of copolymers with different degree of sulfonation (DS). The properties of the proton exchange membranes such as water uptake, ion exchange capacity, proton conductivity, and methanol permeability are studied with compared to those of Nafion 117 membranes and could be modulated simply by control of the ATRP time. The copolymers exhibited much lower methanol permeability and higher proton conductivity as compared with Nafion 117.     

PPSK／PPS共聚物的合成及其初步研究

用４，４＾’－二氟苯酮、１，４－二氯苯和硫化钠为原料，常压下采用分开预聚和共预聚两种不同的预聚方式，合成了聚苯硫醚酮－聚苯硫醚共聚物。用红外光谱、Ｘ射线衍射、差示热扫描和热失重分析等手段，对共聚物进行了初步表征。结果表明，不同配比的共聚物均为结晶性高聚物，并且具有良好较好的耐热性能，对于可溶性的共聚物还测定了其对数比浓粘度。     

聚芳醚砜醚酮共聚物的合成与表征

通过低温溶液亲电共缩聚合成了聚芳醚醚酮醚砜醚酮(Ia)、聚芳醚酮酮醚砜醚酮(Ib),甲基取代、双邻位甲基取代的聚芳醚酮酮醚酮醚砜醚酮(Ic、Id)等4种结构新型的共聚物。用傅里叶红外光谱仪(FT-IR)、核磁共振(1H-NMR)、差示扫描量热仪(DSC)、热重分析(TGA)、X射线衍射仪(WAXD)对聚合物进行了结构表征和性能测试。结果表明,共聚物有较高的玻璃化转变温度(Tg)177℃~188℃;较高的热分解温度(Td5%≥460℃),共聚物能溶解于N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮,四氯乙烷和浓硫酸中;甲基取代的共聚物溶解性得到了明显改善,室温下还能溶于二氯甲烷、二氯乙烷、氯仿、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺中。     

可溶性含萘环结构聚醚酮酮醚酮酮的合成

以1-萘酚和1,4-二(4-氟苯羰基)苯为起始原料,经亲核取代反应,合成了一种新的含萘环结构芳醚单体1,4-[4-(1-萘氧基)苯羰基]苯(BNOBB)。以路易斯酸无水三氯化铝(AlCl 3)为催化剂,将该单体与对苯二甲酰氯(TPC)和间苯二甲酰氯(IPC)进行缩聚,合成了一种主链含萘环结构的无规共聚物聚醚酮酮醚酮酮(PEKKEKK)。采用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪、核磁共振、差示扫描量热仪、热重分析仪和广角X射线衍射等技术手段对PEKKEKK树脂的结构和性能进行测试。结果表明,该树脂为非晶态结构,具有较高的玻璃化转变温度(T g>181℃)和热分解温度(T 5%>502℃);易溶解于氯仿、1,2-二氯乙烷、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺等有机溶剂中,可涂膜获得透明薄膜;拉伸强度大于83 MPa,力学性能较好。     

Micellar carrier based on methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(<Emphasis Type="Italic">ε</Emphasis>-caprolactone) block copolymers bearing ketone groups on the polyester block for doxorubicin delivery

Block copolymers of Methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(ε-caprolactone) bearing ketone groups (MPEG-b-P(CL-co-OPD)) are synthesized and evaluated for its potential to form micelles containing doxorubicin (DOX), a representative anticancer drug, by using an in vitro method based on membrane dialysis to emulate drug release in vivo. The ¹H NMR spectra of the prepared block copolymers in D₂O solution exhibit peaks due to the P(OPD-co-CL) in decreased intensity, indicates that the polymers form micelle particles containing the hydrophilic segments in their external parts. The CMC of the copolymer decrease with an increase in the content of ketone groups in the hydrophobic chain. Drug-free and drug-loaded solutions of structurally related copolymers indicate the polymeric aggregation into micellar-type constructs. The size of the drug-loaded micelles is found to be larger than corresponding drug-free micelles. The release rate of MPEG-b-PCL micelles is faster than MPEG-b-P(OPD-co-CL) micelles in pH 7.4 buffered solution and they have a similar release rate in pH 5.0 buffered solution. This study, therefore, confirms the potential of a novel functional block copolymers, Methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(ε-caprolactone) bearing ketone Groups, for the formation of polymeric micelles for drug delivery.     

嵌段聚合物热塑性弹性体的结晶结构与性能

简述了嵌段聚合物热塑性弹性体的分类,综述了其结晶结构的研究方法,以及综述了嵌段聚合物热塑性弹性体的化学组分,结晶结构与性能的关系。     

Fluorescent molecular thermometers based on polymers showing temperature-induced phase transitions and labeled with polarity-responsive benzofurazans

Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) in aqueous solution undergoes a phase transition at approximately 32 degrees C. The fluorescence properties of benzofurazans are affected by solvent polarity. We combine these two characteristics for the first time to develop sensitive fluorescent molecular thermometers. Five fluorescent monomers having a benzofurazan skeleton were synthesized, and the copolymers of N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM) and a small quantity of the fluorescent monomer were obtained to investigate their fluorescence properties. With increase in temperature, the copolymers in water showed the temperature-induced phase transition at approximately 32 degrees C and the fluorescence intensities of the copolymers concurrently increased. Especially, for the copolymer of 4-N-(2-acryloyloxyethyl)-N-methylamino-7-N,N-dimethylaminosulfonyl-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole and NIPAM, the fluorescence intensity at 37 degrees C was 13.3-fold that seen at 29 degrees C. The sensitive range of temperature of these fluorescent molecular thermometers is changed by the replacement of the NIPAM units by N-isopropylmethacrylamide or N-n-propylacrylamide units in the copolymers. The basis of these fluorescent molecular thermometers is the decrease in the microenvironmental polarities near the main chains of the copolymers with increasing temperature, as confirmed from the maximum emission wavelengths of the benzofurazan units in the copolymers. The responses from the copolymers to the change in temperature are reversible and exactly repeatable during at least 10 cycles of heating and cooling.     

Effect of carbon nanotubes on the mechanical properties and crystallization behavior of poly(ether ether ketone)

Pristine carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and noncovalently functionalized carbon nanotubes (f-CNTs) were used to prepare poly(ether ether ketone) (PEEK) composites (CNTs/PEEK and f-CNTs/PEEK) via melt blending. Noncovalently functionalized multiwalled nanotubes were synthesized using hydrogen-bonding interactions between sulfonic groups of sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) (SPEEK) and carboxylic groups of nanotubes treated by acid (CNTs–COOH). The effects of these two kinds of nanotubes on the mechanical properties and crystallization behavior of PEEK were investigated. CNTs improved mechanical properties and promoted the crystallization rate of PEEK as a result of heterogeneous nucleation. Better enhancement of mechanical properties appeared in the f-CNTs/PEEK composites, which is ascribed to the good interaction between f-CNTs and PEEK. However, the strong interaction of f-CNTs and PEEK chains decreased the crystallization rate of PEEK for high content of f-CNTs.     

Mechanical properties of weakly segregated block copolymers Part IV Influence of chain architecture and miscibility on tensile properties of block copolymers

Different types of weakly segregated block copolymers are investigated with respect to the influence of chain architecture and miscibility on tensile properties. Poly(styrene-b-butylmethacrylate) diblock copolymers (PS-b-PBMA) as well as poly(butylmethacrylate-b-polystyrene-b-butylmethacrylate) triblock copolymers (PBMA-b-PS-b-PBMA) show synergistic effects on tensile properties. The triblock copolymers show a higher tensile strength and stiffness compared to that of the diblock copolymers. In addition, the triblock copolymers exhibit a larger composition range for which the tensile strength exceeds that of the respective homopolymers. In order to investigate the influence of block miscibility on tensile properties, poly(methylmethacrylate-b-butylmethacrylate) diblock copolymers (PMMA-b-PBMA) are compared with PS-b-PBMA diblock copolymers.