基于拉伸线法的振荡器型THz-FEL波荡器积分场测量

为精确、快速测量波荡器磁场积分,研制了一套基于拉伸线法的测磁系统。该系统采用Agilent 3458A八位半数字万用表实现微电压信号采集,使用Kohzu高精度位移平台实现拉伸线的精确同步移动,测量软件平台采用Lab VIEW实现。使用测磁系统在一台7周期混合永磁型波荡器样机上进行了测量实验,结果同霍尔探头点测吻合,一次积分和二次积分的重复测量精度分别优于2.5?10?6 T·m和2.5?10?6 T·m2。该系统将用于华中科技大学在研的一套紧凑型THz波段自由电子激光装置中波荡器磁场测量。     

Concept of electron accelerator-driven system based on subcritical cascade reactor

A concept of accelerator-driven system consisting of electron accelerator, neutron-generating target and two-core subcritical blanket with fast and thermal neutron spectrum has been presented. Some general features of the cascade neutron multiplication in the two-core subcritical blanket are discussed. Calculation results are demonstrated for the processes of electron–photon–neutron interactions of electron beam with the target material. Neutronic and heat engineering characteristics of the facility are also described. It has been shown that with the system's subcritical level of 2% and electron beam power of 4 MW, the facility power is as high as 50 MW.     

PSD位置测量系统在波荡器磁场测量中的应用

位置敏感探测器(Position Sensitive Detector,PSD)是一种基于横向光电效应(x和y方向)的光电位置敏感器件,可直接探测到入射光斑的能量中心位置,在波荡器磁测中可用于获得霍尔探头测量过程中的横向位置变化。为了在狭小或封闭空间内实现对波荡器(尤其是真空内波荡器)磁场进行高精度的测量,我们设计并搭建了测试系统,对导轨直线度(x和y方向)进行了测量。实验结果表明,该位置测量系统具有5μm的测量精度,可以满足霍尔探头在波荡器磁测过程中的位置精度要求。     

Technical analysis of an early fusion neutron source based on the enhancement of the IFMIF/EVEDA accelerator prototype

In the framework of the Engineering Design and Engineering Validation Activities for the International Fusion Materials Irradiation Facility (IFMIF/EVEDA), three major prototypes have been designed and are being manufactured, commissioned and operated which are firstly the Accelerator Prototype (LIPAc) at Rokkasho, fully representative of the IFMIF low energy (9 MeV) accelerator stage, secondly the EVEDA Lithium Test Loop (ELTL) at Oarai, and thirdly critical components of the High Flux Test Modules to be tested in the helium cooling loop (HELOKA-LP) at Karlsruhe. The present paper analyses possibilities from a technical point of view, for combining, modifying, and enhancing, at limited cost, selected components of the prototypes towards the realisation of an early reduced-flux neutron source, able nonetheless to start the testing of candidate DEMO materials and realising by this a first step towards the construction and operation of a complete IFMIF plant.Various options of deuteron beam parameters, such as energy, current and shape are analysed with respect to their technical challenges and the neutron yield resulting from the nuclear reaction with the Li target. Related requirements for the liquid Li target with respect to jet parameters are evaluated and the neutron mapping in the high flux region is presented underlying an analysis of the available volume for testing reduced activation ferritic martensitic (RAFM) steels at relevant structural damage levels.     

基于瑞雷面波频散曲线反演的岩体力学参数求取方法

岩体力学参数是岩土工程中表征岩体力学性质的重要参数,应用二维傅里叶变换获得高信噪比的频散曲线,采用阻尼最小二乘法自动反演横波速度,进而计算岩体力学参数.结合内蒙古二连盆地瑞雷面波勘探实例,得到了动态岩体力学参数剖面,且在采集和处理参数选取合理的情况下,最大勘探深度可达120 m.相比于其他岩体力学参数测试技术,瑞雷面波法具有快速、高效、经济、无损的特点.     

磁场测量系统改造中的控制理论应用

为了提高测量效率，我们希望利用控制理论改造加速器磁场测量系统。构造了闭环的测量系统，在保证测量精度不变的条件下实现了连续测量，减少了测量所需时间。由此验证了引入反馈等控制概念可以改善测量工作效率。     

The influence of magnetic field on the beam quality of relativistic electron beam long-range propagation in near-Earth environment

In recent years,it has been proposed to use satellite-mounted radio-frequency(RF)accelerators to produce high-current relativistic electron beams to complete debris removal tasks.However,when simulating the long-range propagation(km-range)process of the electron beam,it is difficult to directly use the particle-in-cell method to simultaneously consider the space charge effect of beam and the influence of the geomagnetic field.Owing to these limitations,in this paper,we proposed a simplified method.The ps-range electronic micropulses emitted by the RF accelerator were transmitted and fused to form a ns-range electron beam;then,combined with the improved moving window technology,the model was constructed to simulate the long-range propagation process of the relativistic electron beam in near-Earth environment.Finally,by setting the direction of movement of the beam to be parallel,perpendicular and at an inclination of 3° to the magnetic field,we analyzed and compared the effects of the applied magnetic fields in different directions on the quality of the beam during long-range propagation.The simulation results showed that the parallel state of the beam motion and magnetic fields should be achieved as much as possible to ensure the feasibility of the space debris removal.     

小型无损探伤电子直线加速器BP神经网络稳频系统

作为小型探伤电子直线加速器功率源的磁控管 (工作频率为 93 70MHz) ,其主要缺点是自身振荡频率的稳定性差 ,且磁控管在工作中由于各种原因会产生打火、跳谱和散谱现象 ,从而造成加速器工作不稳定 ,因此 ,必须采用频率稳定系统。为了更好地解决上述问题 ,应用BP神经网络方法 ,以保证工作频率稳定。     

Wave propagation in two-phase flow of magnetic fluid under a nonuniform magnetic field

The effect of nonuniform magnetic field on the linear and nonlinear wave propagation phenomena in two-phase pipe flow of magnetic fluid is investigated theoretically to realize the effective energy conversion system using boiling two-phase flow of magnetic fluid. Firstly, the governing equations of two-phase flow based on the unsteady thermal nonequilibrium two-fluid model are presented and the linear void wave propagation phenomena in boiling two-phase flow are numerically analyzed by using the finite volume method. Next, the nonlinear pressure wave propagation in gas-liquid two-phase flow is numerically analyzed by using the finite different method. According to these theoretical studies on the wave propagation phenomena in two-phase flow of magnetic fluid, it seems to be a reasonable proposal that the precise control of the wave propagation in two-phase flow is possible by effective use of the magnetic force.     

一台300kV电子帘加速器辐照箱屏蔽物理设计

介绍一台电子能量为300keV、束流强度为60mA的电子帘加速器辐照箱的屏蔽物理设计。箱体厚度为1．5cm的铅。     

电子加速器扫描盒前端法兰传热的数值模拟

加速器内电子束团在传输过程中因束流传输截面发散或偏离中心,会超出尺寸一定的传输器件.为防止因此导致扫描盒前端法兰盘局部温升过高,在法兰的外侧安装温度传感器以实时监测受照点的温度,从而及时调整系统的电流、电压、聚焦等有关参数.建立了法兰盘两侧热传导的数学模型,用数值模拟的方法计算得出了放置温度传感器的测量点B和受照点A的温度关系.计算结果与实验值符合,证明了数学模型的正确性,并为加速器的调试、运行提供了一种重要的检测手段.     

直线加速器单次照射对卡培他滨体内代谢过程的影响

采用直线加速器单次照射SD大鼠,检测卡培他滨、5-氟尿嘧啶血药浓度和肠单向灌流流出物中卡培他滨浓度,计算C_max、T_max、t_1/2、AUC和吸收速率常数和药物表观吸收系数。结果表明:(1)分析方法操作简单,可重复性高,可同时测定大鼠血浆样品中原型药物卡培他滨及活性代谢物5-氟尿嘧啶;(2)直线加速器腹部10 Gy单次照射,抑制了卡培他滨在小肠和结肠部位的吸收,导致达峰时间推迟,峰浓度和血药浓度降低,同时排泄加快;没有影响卡培他滨代谢速率。     

基于PC的光学速调管磁间隙控制系统

描述了合肥国家同步辐射实验室(NSRL)储存环自由电子激光(SRFEL)光学速调管(TOK)磁极间隙控制系统的原理和结构，给出了系统硬件结构、软件流程图及其工程实现。该调节系统可以独立或同时调节TOK调制段、色散段、辐射段三部分磁极间隙的大小，精度达到0.01mm；多重安全保护能确保储存环真空室不被破坏。     

低发射度L波段光阴极微波电子枪物理设计

太赫兹(THz)光源对电子束的能量、能散及发射度有极高要求,研发高性能电子源是基于自由电子激光(Free Electron Laser,FEL)的THz光源的重要挑战。对电子腔中束团发射度增长机制的研究,有助于设计针对有效的发射度补偿方案。本文首先描述了L波段光阴极微波电子枪腔的设计,利用POISSON Superfish软件给出了腔内电磁场分布,详细分析了束流发射度增长的因素,讨论发射度补偿原理。由此提出基于主副螺线管线圈抑制发射度增长的补偿方案,并用ASTRA程序对补偿效果进行模拟计算。结果表明,采用该补偿方案后,电子腔输出束团的能散和发射度有显著改善,达到THz光源对于电子源的要求。     

Kinetics study of the solvated electron decay in THF using laser-synchronised picosecond electron pulse

Picosecond pulse radiolysis of neat tetrahydrofuran （THF） shows a fast decay of the solvated electron within 2.5ns. The decay of the solvated electron observed at 790nm is because of spur reaction. A numerical simulation using time dependent Smoluchowski equation containing a sink term with a distance dependent reaction rate is used to fit the pulse-probe data and shows that the geminate reaction can proceed at long distance in this low polar solvent.     

Velocity bunching for the linac of Shanghai Deep UV FEL facility

High brightness electron beam is one of the main goals of the research and development effort in RF photo-injectors.Compared with the normally used magnetic chicane,an alternative scheme,commonly known as 'velocity bunching',has been proposed as a tool to compress electron beam pulses in modern high brightness photo-injector sources.This paper presents numerical optimization systematically and the first attempt to demonstrate the velocity bunching scheme on SDUV-FEL linac experimentally.The relationship between the degree of bunching and the off-crest phase of the accelerating structure is explored experimentally.Velocity bunching operating mode illustrates flexible performances with an intrinsic machine jitter,which agrees well with the theoretical prediction.     

Experimental investigation on plasma jet deflection with magnetic fluid control based on PIV measurement

This paper is devoted to experimentally investigating the influence of magnetic field intensity and gas temperature on the plasma jet deflection controlled by magneto hydrodynamics. The catalytic ionization seed CS_2CO_3 is injected into combustion gas by artificial forced ionization to obtain plasma fluid on a high-temperature magnetic fluid experimental platform. The plasma jet was deflected under the effect of an external magnetic field, forming a thrust-vector effect.Magnesium oxide was selected as a tracer particle, and a two-dimensional image of the jet flow field was collected using the particle image velocimetry(PIV) measurement method. Through image processing and velocity vector analysis of the flow field, the value of the jet deflection angle was obtained quantitatively to evaluate the thrust-vector effect. The variation of the jet deflection angle with the magnetic field intensity and gas temperature was studied under different experimental conditions. Experimental results show that the jet deflection angle increased gradually with a rise in gas temperature and then increased substantially when the gas temperature exceeded 2300 K. The jet deflection angle also increased with an increase in magnetic induction intensity. Experiments demonstrate it is feasible to use PIV test technology to study the thrust vector under magnetic control conditions.     

电子辐照加速器屏蔽墙中预埋管道倾角对辐射防护性能影响的蒙特卡罗计算

电子辐照装置屏蔽墙中总存在一些较大口径的管道如辐照电缆传输孔道,这些管道的存在势必会降低屏蔽体的局部屏蔽能力。为定量评估管道对屏蔽效果的影响,本文以3 MeV电子辐照加速器为例,采用蒙特卡罗MCNP程序分别模拟计算了电子打靶以后产生的能谱中1 MeV以下和1 MeV以上不同单能光子入射同一屏蔽体时,管道以不同角度穿透屏蔽墙时管道出口处及屏蔽墙外辐射场分布;并比较了在不同墙厚下这两个能段对管道出口处辐射场的影响程度。计算结果表明:不同单能光子入射屏蔽体,在管道穿墙角度≥45°时,管道出口处辐射场变化不再明显,对于1 MeV以下的低能光子在墙外的透射辐射场基本可忽略,对于1 MeV以上的能量光子,其墙外光子透射辐射场随角度增大影响显著;随着墙厚增加,低能光子衰减越显著,高能光子在管道穿墙夹角设计中越占据了主导地位。