Automated contract time determination system for highway projects

Contract time is the maximum time allowed for completion of all work described in the contract documents. An accurate forecast of contract time for highway projects is crucial to contract administration by State Departments of Transportation (DOTs) because the predicted duration and associated cost form the basis for budgeting, planning, monitoring and even litigation purposes. This paper discusses a framework for determining contract time for highway projects in Oklahoma and presents a stand-alone computer software package which automates the entire procedure. The system developed in this study can be used as a basis for better project planning for DOTs. It can also provide documentation for a stronger defense in possible contract time disputes and will allow less experienced personnel to gain confidence as they learn how to consistently estimate reasonable and realistic contract time for highway projects.     

施工项目成本管理与控制

介绍了施工项目成本管理的发展,阐述了施工项目成本管理中存在的问题,并结合这些问题,对施工项目成本管理和控制的方法进行了科学的探究,对施工项目成本管理与控制具有积极的指导意义。     

Reducing the construction time for building projects

The problem of the construction time for building projects is discussed from the point of view of the client, the contractor and their relationship with one another. The client focuses his attention on only one project, the total duration including preconstruction as well as construction. The contractor is concerned only with site operations, not those of a single project but those of all the projects on his books. His primary aim, therefore, is the allocation and scheduling of his resources over all his current work, the timing of individual projects being a secondary matter. The paper, by clarifying this divergence of aims, discusses means of speeding production.     

境外建设项目成本管理与控制

本文通过案例分析,对境外建设项目的成本管理与控制进行了探讨,提出了相应的建议与措施,以期增强境外建设项目的竞争力。     

Predicting final cost for competitively bid construction projects using regression models

This paper studies the relationship between the low bid and completed cost for competitively bid highway projects. Data are analyzed from several agencies managing highway and dredging projects. A natural log transformation of the low bid and final cost was found to produce regression models for each agency that had high R and R² values. These models can predict completed project cost using only the project low bid as input. A separate regression model was determined for each agency. Based on the form of the calculated models it appears that highway agencies construct projects where the final cost increases as an increasing percentage of the low bid price as the project magnitude increases. The dredging projects appear to follow different mechanisms of cost increase than the highway projects and were not predicted as well by the regression models. The regression models can also be used for budgeting purposes by submitting the sum of the low bids for a group of projects as input. The regression models output a prediction of the cost of the group of projects that was found to be highly accurate.     

浅谈市政工程造价控制

针对市政工程的重要性,探讨了市政工程的特点,分析了市政工程存在的问题,提出了市政工程造价控制措施,以更好地控制市政工程造价,以最少的资金获得最佳的收益。     

市政道路新建工程的成本控制

探讨了市政道路新建工程成本管理的重要意义,论述了在市政道路施工中成本控制的主要方面和方式方法,以期最大限度的降低工程成本,保证工程效益的最大化。     

Modeling construction time in Spanish building projects

The literature states that project duration is affected by various scope factors. Using 168 building projects carried out in Spain, this paper uses the multiple regression analysis to develop a forecast model that allows estimating project duration of new builds. The proposed model uses project type, gross floor area (GFA), the cost/GFA relationship and number of floors as predictor variables. The research identified the logarithmic form of construction speed as the most appropriate response variable. GFA has greater influence than cost on project duration but both factors are necessary to achieve a forecast model with the highest accuracy. We developed an analysis to verify the stability of forecasted values and showed how a model with high values of fit and accuracy may display an anomalous behavior in the forecasted values. The sensitivity of the proposed forecast model was also analyzed versus the variability of construction costs.     

Resource-constrained scheduling for continuous repetitive projects with time-based production units

In construction projects of highways, pipelines, and tunnels, labor and equipment continuously move in a linear geographic layout. This class of continuous repetitive projects encounters the resource-constrained problem when there are limits on the availabilities of resources (labor and equipment). Conventional scheduling models divide continuous repetitive projects into space segments. The premise is that crews would maintain the same production rate in each space segment. However, when the length of segment is indivisible by the production rate, this assumption leads to an inefficient schedule which asks the crews to change their production rate, a reflection of their size, composition, and associated equipment, in the middle of a time period. Unproductive time would then be spent in extra preparation and unnecessary warming up. Another drawback is that production units divided in space cannot be directly linked to the time-based payment schedule. In light of these shortcomings, this paper presents a scheduling model to find the optimal set of production rates in different time periods for each crew, considering limited availability of resources. To be practical, the proposed model addresses work continuity while maintaining lead-time and lead-distance between operations. The optimization problem is solved by an evolutionary strategy algorithm, which is easy to program and takes less execution time, with no need for selection and crossover process. A real-life project is used to validate the performance of the proposed model in terms of effectiveness, efficiency, and stability.     

The impact of value diversity on information system development projects

Diversity of personal values among participants in an information system project is typically considered to create harmful team conflict, as do other forms of personal diversity. However, recent research establishes that information and knowledge diversity among project team members contribute to project success, leading one to question accepted thought regarding diversity of values. We model the impact of value diversity on project performance through theoretical layers of diversity, conflict, and teamwork quality. An empirical test supports hypotheses that value diversity adds to both beneficial and detrimental conflict. Project managers should compose teams with diverse project values but must control for potential detrimental effects.     

对招投标阶段公路工程造价控制问题的探讨

介绍了公路工程造价的形成,阐述了招标投标工程价格管理的依据,探讨了招投标阶段公路工程价格的控制问题,以加强公路工程价格管理,培育合格的建筑市场主体,推动社会主义市场经济的发展。     

浅谈施工项目中的成本控制

在对成本控制的概念、成本控制原则进行阐述的基础上,分析研究了建筑施工项目中成本控制的途径,证明了有效的成本控制将促进企业不断挖掘潜力,提高经济效益,提升企业整体的竞争力。     

浅谈水利工程造价控制

根据水利工程的特点,对水利工程造价控制作了论述,分别从项目决策阶段、设计阶段、招投标阶段、施工阶段以及竣工决算阶段等各个环节提出了造价控制措施,从而保证项目投资控制目标的实现。     

建筑消防工程质量控制

结合工程实例,从设计及施工准备阶段、施工阶段、竣工验收阶段、验收交付和组织管理等方面论述了建筑消防工程的质量控制措施。重点分析了消防给水系统施工、消防给水系统配电部分施工、防排烟和通风空调施工中质量控制要点,同时指出了建筑消防施工中容易忽略的问题,最后提出了如何确保工程质量避免问题出现的建议。     

浅析建设工程安全控制

论述了施工安全的重要性，指出建筑施工安全要有一定的资金投入，分析了施工安全与文明施工的关系，探讨了建筑施工安全管理的组织技术措施，以保障和提高建筑施工现场的安全性。     

建筑工程分包管理的风险与控制

分析了建筑工程分包行为的原因,探讨了分包管理的风险,提出了解决建筑工程分包管理风险的思路和对策,以减少建筑工程分包管理风险,更好地保证工程施工企业的利益。     

The view of freedom and standardisation among managers in Swedish construction contractor projects

It has been suggested that standardisation improves productivity. Simultaneously, construction contractor project managers are given freedom to run projects as if they were independent firms. If this is a motivating factor for the managers, firms may have to find other ways to improve productivity than to increase standardisation to be able to stimulate their most skilled managers. It could prove important to recognise their need for freedom before they start looking for alternative places of employment.     

浅谈建筑工程桩基施工技术的控制要求

概述了建筑工程桩基的特点及适用范围,将桩基进行了不同角度的分类,着重阐述了建筑工程桩基施工中的操作要点及控制要求,以期为桩基的实际应用积累宝贵经验。     

公路工程施工项目成本控制浅议

阐述了施工项目成本控制的必要性,归纳了成本控制的思路,指出施工项目成本预测、成本计划、成本控制、成本核算、成本分析和成本考核是公路施工企业管理和经营的基础,对于企业的生存发展至关重要。     

政府工程造价控制实例分析

通过"深圳大学城图书馆·管理中心大楼"工程的造价控制实例,阐述了工程造价控制的关键在于设计,从基础选型、结构形式选择等方面分析了图书馆·管理中心工程造价控制的难点及过程.