LCL滤波的PWM整流器固定开关频率控制研究

传统的PWM整流器用L滤波器来滤除谐波,而LCL滤波器可以用较小的电容电感值达到较好的滤波效果。但是LCL滤波器存在谐振效应,会影响系统的稳态性能,大大增加了整流器控制的复杂性。对基于LCL滤波的PWM整流器采用一种固定开关频率控制策略,不需要电容电压或电流传感器,就可以实现系统的稳定运行。最后的仿真结果证明了方法的可行性。     

扩频控制技术用于减少电力电子变换器的电磁干扰的研究

本文论述了一种对载波进行扩频控制以减少电力电子变换器电磁干扰的方法。论证了扩频控制技术可以有效地降低载波及其谐波的峰值，讨论了不同的周期信号对正弦载波和PWM载波的扩频效果，同时指出，周期信号扩频可以有效控制扩频后的带宽，便于滤波器的设计。最后探讨了扩频技术对特定频率的干扰进行抑制的情况。     

载波移相角度对级联型APF滤波性能的研究

载波相移PWM(CPS-PWM)技术应用于级联型并联有源电力滤波器时可以在较低的器件开关频率下实现较高开关频率的效果,从而提高其滤波性能,但是不同的载波相移角度,滤波性能并不完全一样。本文分析了载波移相角度对级联型有源电力滤波器滤波性能的影响,并通过仿真,验证了理论分析和相关结论的正确性。     

高精度中频双极性PWM信号发生器的FPGA实现

针对DSP芯片的PWM驱动信号精度与载波频率不能兼顾的矛盾,提出了一种基于FPGA器件的高精度中频双极性PWM信号发生器,该PWM信号发生器采用VHDL语言予以实现,具有集成度高、抗干扰能力强、中频范围内频率可调而不改变PWM精度的特点。仿真结果表明在中频范围内,该PWM信号发生器可以方便的改变PWM驱动信号频率,而其精度不会变化。在长脉冲激光驱动电路中实验中,该PWM信号发生器很好地解决了PWM精度与频率之间的矛盾,并具有较强的抗干扰能力。     

中点箝位型三电平变换器SFOPWM方法的研究

介绍了中点箝位型三电平变换器中的一种典型载波PWM方法——开关频率优化PWM(SFOPWM)，这种方法由于注入零序的三次三角波，调制比最大可以达到1、15；另外通过适当选择载波和调制波之间的相移可以减少开关次数。仿真和实验结果验证了该方法的特点。     

风力发电用大功率并网逆变器研究

在大功率风力发电系统中，并网逆变器是实现电能馈送电网的重要环节，但是由于并网逆变器采用的PWM信号开关频率较低，导致输出电流含有较大的电流谐波。该文为降低开关频率造成的电流谐波，在并网逆变器中引入T型滤波器取代典型的电感滤波器，并针对采用T型滤波器对并网逆变器系统带来的不稳定性，提出了基于桥臂输出电流闭环与电压电流双前馈相结合的间接控制策略。仿真与实验结果证明采用该控制策略可以有效实现并网逆变器稳定运行，同时具有较好的动静态性能。     

适合直接驱动型风力发电系统的飞跨电容型变流器

直接驱动型风力发电系统需要全功率变流器作为与电网的接口,飞跨电容型多电平变流器是首选方案。在大功率电力电子变流装置的实现上,一个重要的问题是大功率器件的工作频率较低,无法应用PWM技术等优秀的调制技术。因为载波相移正弦波脉宽调制技术(CPS-SPWM)的等效开关频率高,采用该技术后可以引入各种先进的控制策略,优化系统的性能指标,同时改善输出波形,减小了滤波器容量。仿真和实验验证了上述结论的正确性。     

载波相移SPWM级联H型变流器及其在有源电力滤波器中的应用

提出了基于CPS-SPWM技术的级联H桥型多电平变流器,它是CPS-SPWM技术与级联H型变流器拓扑结构的结合。这种变流器能在较低的器件开关频率下实现较高等效开关频率的效果,具有结构简单、传输频带宽、动态响应好等优点。文中将这种变流器用在有源电力滤波器这样大功率场合,在并联有源电力滤波器系统中,由于直流侧不需要提供有功功率,级联型多电平变流器的优势可以得到充分的发挥;而载波相移PWM技术良好的谐波传输特性也可以得到良好的利用。仿真和实验结果表明基于CPS-SPWM技术级联 H桥型多电平变流器的SAPF系统能够在较低的器件开关频率下实现较好补偿效果,具有良好的工业应用前景。     

多电平逆变器PWM控制方法的研究

近年来,多电平逆变器在大功率场合应用越来越广泛.基于空间矢量原理提出了一种新的多电平PWM控制方法,这种PWM方法称为多电平最优空间矢量PWM方法(MOSV PWM),可用于多电平串联逆变器供电的压频比控制的异步电动机调速系统.仿真结果表明,MOSV PWM方法与多电平载波方法和单脉冲法相比有许多优点,可以在线实现,输出线电压THD低,开关频率低.这种方法可以推广用于其它类型的多电平逆变器,除电机传动外还可以用于静态无功补偿和其它FACTS场合.     

一种新型的载波相移SPWM电流型电力有源滤波器

基于载波组合相移技术的电流型电力有源滤波器，在较低的开关频率下实现了等效的高频载波效果。文章通过仿真和实验，验证了这种技术在电力有源滤波器中应用的实用性和可行性。     

Design considerations for an inverter output filter to mitigate theeffects of long motor leads in ASD applications

Design considerations for an inverter output filter to mitigate the effects of long motor leads in adjustable-speed drive (ASD) applications are presented. It is shown by analysis that, for a given length of cable, reducing the dv/dt of the pulsewidth modulated (PWM) inverter output voltage applied to the cable below a critical value will eliminate overvoltages due to voltage reflections. Design issues for a low-pass filter at the inverter output terminals to reduce the dv/dt of the inverter output pulse are examined in detail. The filter operation is verified for the entire variable frequency range of the inverter. The performance of the filter is evaluated through simulations and experimentally on a 460 V commercially available AC motor drive (PWM insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT)). The proposed inverter output filter is then compared with a motor terminal shunt filter also designed to reduce overvoltages and ringing at the motor terminals     

PWM变频驱动系统差模干扰分布研究

PWM变频器在提高系统性能的同时,其产生的强烈差模干扰也来带了诸多问题。目前较为常用的干扰抑制措施是加装电磁干扰(EMI)滤波器。而要较好地设计EMI滤波器,就必须先准确掌握系统的干扰分布规律。为此,利用传导干扰分离网络对PWM变频驱动系统的差模干扰分布进行研究,分析其干扰分布规律、主要影响因素以及抑制方式,为EMI滤波器设计提供较准确的理论指导。     

一种消除PWM逆变器驱动系统中电动机端轴电压和轴承电流的前馈有源滤波器

为抑制由PWM逆变器输出的共模电压而导致电机轴承的损坏，提出了前馈有源滤波器。滤波器包括无源共模电压检测网络，推挽电路以及四绕组共模变压器。滤波器输出与共模电压幅值相同极性相反的补偿电压，将其叠加到逆变器输出上，从而达到消除共模电压进而消除轴电压和轴承电流的目的。文中还给出了部分滤波器参数的确定方法。仿真和实验结果验证了该滤波器可以显著地抑制电机端共模电压，从而减小了变频器输出的负面影响如轴电压，轴承电流等。延长了轴承的寿命，提高了PWM驱动系统的可靠性。     

Comparisons between a hybrid shunt active filter and a pure shunt active filter

This paper deals with the hybrid shunt active filter for harmonic compensation of a three‐phase diode rectifier in a 480‐V adjustable‐speed motor drive system. The hybrid filter is formed by a three‐phase LC filter tuned around the seventh harmonic frequency and a small‐rated three‐phase voltage‐source PWM inverter. The LC filter and PWM inverter are directly connected in series. As a result, the DC capacitor voltage of the PWM inverter in the hybrid filter is much lower than that of a conventional pure shunt active filter. This results in higher efficiency, less switching ripple, and less EMI emission. Computer simulation is carried out to compare the hybrid filter with the pure filter in terms of circuit configuration and filtering performance. Simulation results indicate that the hybrid filter is superior in effectiveness and viability to the pure filter. In addition, theoretical analysis based on vector loci confirms the validity of the simulation results. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 153(2): 61–70, 2005; Published online in Wiley InterScience ( www.interscience.wiley.com ). DOI 10.1002/eej.20145     

Improved current source GTO inverter-fed induction motor driveswith PWM-controlled thyristor converter

An improved current-source GTO (gate turn-off) inverter system for driving an induction motor at high frequency was developed. This system is composed of an inverter using GTOs and a PWM (pulsewidth-modulated)-controlled thyristor rectifier. The energy rebound circuit in the inverter is used to turn off the thyristors in the rectifier and to apply PWM control techniques. This circuit plays an important role in the treatment of reactive power in a load. The capacitors connected to the AC input terminal to improve PWM control also function as a filter. Thus, the waveforms of the input voltage and current become almost sinusoidal. Principles and circuit operations of the rectifier section are described in detail. The current-source GTO inverter is used to drive a 5.5 kW induction motor. The experimental waveform and characteristics for the tested motor drives are given. It is shown that the harmonic components of the input voltage and current are eliminated or reduced by using the PWM control technique without spoiling the inherent characteristics of the current-source GTO inverter     

变频器驱动系统滤波器设计研究

由于PWM逆变器输出的脉冲电压在电机接线端子及绕组上产生了差模电压和共模电压;特别是当逆变器通过长线电缆与电机连接时,会在电机端产生电压反射现象,从而在电机端形成很大的过电压,危害电气设备的安全运行。通过对PWM逆变器驱动电机系统产生差模和共模电压机理分析的研究,在变频器输出端抑制电机端差模电压的RLC滤波器的基础上,提出一种改进型变频器输出端无源滤波器的方案,并给出了参数的设计方法。该滤波器可对共模及差模电压同时起到抑制作用,仿真结果验证了该滤波器设计方案的有效性,为变频器驱动系统滤波器设计研究提供理论依据。     

Current regulated PWM-CSI induction motor drive system without aspeed sensor

This paper deals with a current source inverter-induction motor drive system without a speed sensor, and the speed estimation with only sense of the motor voltage is investigated. The input DC link current which is kept constant by a pulsewidth modulated (PWM) converter with sinusoidal input current is supplied to the PWM inverter. The inverter output current with sinusoidal wave is directly regulated by employing the modulation index control of the PWM strategy. The motor is driven by a slip frequency/current regulation control. The motor speed is estimated by using the measured voltage and current, or using the measured voltage and the estimated current. The filter capacitor which is installed in the inverter circuit is taken into consideration for the current estimation. A digital signal processor is employed for calculation. As the PWM pulse of the inverter is calculated by an online real-time system, the quick regulation of the sinusoidal output current is achieved. The experiments show that the high performance steady state behavior and the acceleration/deceleration characteristics with smooth drives and low noise of the motor is obtained     

Electromagnetic noise of induction motors driven by PWM inverters

When a squirrel cage induction motor is driven by a PWM inverter, electromagnetic noise different from that during commercial power source drive is experienced. This is because of sideband wave voltage induced in PWM inverter output voltage. This paper first describes the mechanism of electromagnetic noise generation in commercial power source drive, and then electromagnetic force considering the sideband frequency and voltage content and the mechanism of electromagnetic noise generation in PWM inverter drive. It also refers to the sideband frequency and voltage content because of operating time control. © 2000 Scripta Technica, Electr Eng Jpn, 133(3): 55–62, 2000     

A novel strategy for a high‐power utility interactive inverter with a series active filter

High‐power utility interactive inverters used for large‐capacity energy storage systems are composed of multiple connected inverters, in order to realize high efficiency and high performance of the harmonic elimination characteristic simultaneously. Some disadvantages of multiple connected inverters, such as harmonic current flowing from an inverter unit to the other one, and increase of the number of inverter units, cannot be overcome easily. This paper presents a novel strategy for a high‐power utility interactive inverter, which is composed of a large power with low‐switching‐frequency PWM inverter (high‐power PWM inverter), an LC passive filter, and a series active filter (series AF). Because harmonic components contained in the utility line current are absorbed by the series AF, the switching frequency of the PWM inverter can be selected to about 1 kHz. In addition because the power capacity and the output voltage of the series AF can be suppressed lower than 10% of the power capacity and the output voltage of PWM inverter, low‐voltage and high‐speed power devices can be applied to the series AF. Consequently, high power, high efficiency, and high harmonics elimination performance can be realized without increasing the number of inverter units. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 141(2): 57–66, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience ( www.interscience.wiley.com ). DOI 10.1002/eej.10048     

一种混合9电平电压源逆变器及其变频脉宽调制

介绍了一种应用于中高压变频调速装置的9电平输出电压源逆变器，逆变器的主电路由2种不同拓扑结构的逆变电路组成，分别使用不同参数的开关器件实现，可以综合利用阻断电压高的器件和开关速度快的器件的优点。分析了逆变器主电路的拓扑结构及特点，研究了主电路的开关模式后提出了一种基于载波调制的适合于任意电平数目混合逆变器的PWM(脉宽调制)算法，最后仿真研究了混合9电平逆变器在变速驱动场合中的应用，并验证了算法的有效性。对线电压的频谱分析表明，混合9电平逆变器有很好的输出波形，输出谐波含量少，在高频段输出线电压的总谐波畸变率小于5％，输出电压的dv／dt小，可用于驱动大容量的中高压异步电动机。