SIP和SOC

本文介绍了SIP和SOC的定义、优缺点和相互关系。SIP是当前最先进的IC封装,MCP 和SCSP是实现SIP最有前途的方法。同时还介绍了MCP和SCSP的最新发展动态。     

电子元器件封装技术发展趋势

晶圆级封装、多芯片封装、系统封装和三维叠层封装是近几年来迅速发展的新型封装方式,在推动更高性能、更低功耗、更低成本和更小形状因子的产品上,先进封装技术发挥着至关重要的作用。晶圆级芯片尺寸封装(WCSP)应用范围在不断扩展,无源器件、分立器件、RF和存储器的比例不断提高。随着芯片尺寸和引脚数目的增加,板级可靠性成为一大挑战。系统封装(SIP)已经开始集成MEMS器件、逻辑电路和特定应用电路。使用TSV的三维封装技术可以为MEMS器件与其他芯片的叠层提供解决方案。     

裸芯片的可靠性与老化工艺

从移动电话到PDA到数字音乐播放器，消费者对这些新的可移动电子设备的要求有两个共同点：(1)要求迅速增加的新特性和功能；(2)愿意为更小更轻而支付额外费用。这通常要用到多片裸芯片封装技术，如多芯片模块(MCM)和系统封装(SIP)等。     

未来几年信息技术十大重点发展领域

1，集成电路技术 发展重点将集中在SIP（硅IP）重用技术，新一代高性能通用微处理器、SoC芯片系统技术、高密度IC封装技术以及22纳米～45纳米集成电路关键装备等领域。     

SIP封装工艺

系统级封装（SIP）技术从20世纪90年代初提出到现在,经过十几年的发展,已经被学术界和工业界广泛接受,成为电子技术研究新热点和技术应用的主要方向之一,并认为它代表了今后电子技术发展的方向,SIP封装工艺作为SIP封装技术的重要组成部分,这些年来在不断的创新中得到了长足的发展,逐渐形成了自己的技术体系,值得从事相关技术行业的技术人员和学者进行研究和学习,文章从封装工艺角度出发,对SIP封装制造进行了详细的介绍,另外也对其工艺要点进行了详细的探讨。     

SIP封装技术现状与发展前景

SIP（System in Package）,指系统级封装。特点是将不同功能的有源电子元器件加上无源或类似MEMS的光学器件集中于一个单一封装体内,构成一个类似系统的器件为系统或子系统提供多种功能。它与系统级芯片（SOC）互补,实现混合集成,具有设计灵活、周期短、成本低的特点。文章通过系统封装技术的研发历程,评价了封装的优越性、探讨了此种封装技术的产品架构和相关技术及其发展前景。     

高密度封装

本文介绍了微电路的几种高密度封装,着重介绍当今最盛行的多芯片封装(MCP)、最新的片内系统(SIP)及三维封装等,并指出这是一种实现片上系统的变通方法。     

汉高半导体环氧树脂铸模复合材料

汉高技术公司(Henkel Technologies)继推出数种创新产品之后，现推出另一款全新先进半导体封装材料，名为Hysol GR9810。这是技术领先的环氧树脂铸模复合材料，专为叠层应用的系统级封装(SIP)而设计。Hysol GR9810环氧树脂铸模复合物专用于各种叠层铸模阵列封装的过模塑，包括一般为底部充填的SIP和倒装芯片阵列封装。由于该产品具有突出的扁平特性，所以可在非弯曲状态下处理整个封装，使制造过程的后续工序减至最少，从而获得更高的生产线终端     

集成电路封装高密度化与散热问题

各种电子器件的封装形式及性能不断提升,IC封装技术向SIP发展,器件的发热密度越来越高,过热问题已成为目前电子元器件技术的发展瓶颈。文中从封装趋势及应用两方面来说明散热问题的影响及挑战。从封装发展最新趋势SIP的概念出发,介绍相关的概念及散热的影响,其次介绍CPU及存储器封装两类重要电子器件的发展趋势,及其面临的散热问题。     

LTCC技术的发展和应用

通信、汽车、医疗、工业、军事和宇航应用对电子系统高性能、高密度，高可靠的要求正在并继续对电子封装工程师提出挑战。这种挑战使得多芯片模块（MCM）成为必然的选择。这是由于多芯片模块不仅可以提高系统的封装密度，而且可以成数量级地提高系统的可靠性及其电气、散热和密封性能。 多芯片模块现在采用的有机层压板（MCM-L）、陶瓷（MCM-C）和沉积薄膜（MCM-D）的封装技术。其中尤以陶瓷封装技术—ITCC技术相对于其它封装技术显示出更巨大的魅力。它的优异的高频性能，散热性能和密封性能、可靠性和经济性使其成为无线通信、汽车电子、医疗电子和军事宇航应用的首选封装技术。展现了美好的技术和市场前景。 本文介绍了LTCC技术的现状及其成为陶瓷型多芯片模块主导封装技术的令人振奋的新发展。描述了工业界对其的接收和认可。勾画了该技术巨大的市场潜力。     

Selective parsing to enhance SIP performance

The session initiation protocol (SIP) is used as the signaling protocol in the IP multimedia subsystem (IMS) and the signaling is becoming computing intensive comparing to the current telecommunication network. The SIP is a text-based protocol with characteristics of unordered and verbose headers, variable-size message, and case-insensitive keyword. It imposes challenges for an efficient message processing. The property of SIP elements being able to process SIP messages quickly is critical for the performance of IMS networks. This article investigates the performance of SIP message processed in SIP servers, mainly focusing on improving message parsing by introducing a method named selective parsing for SIP message (SP4SIP). By modeling and analyzing a SIP server with a tandem Jackson network, it is concluded that parsing messages is the bottleneck of a SIP server performance, i.e., it is the most processing intensive activity in the system. To validate the approach, it has been implemented in a high-performance SIP server in the authors' lab. The results show that selective parsing for SIP message can indeed reduce processing time.     

系统级封装及其研发领域

系统级封装(System-on-Package,SOP或System-in-Package,SIP)是与传统电子封装完全不同的封装概念。它强调的是将一个尽可能完整的电子系统或子系统高密度地集成在一个大小只有封装尺寸的体积内。其中包含各种有源器件,如数字集成电路、射频集成电路、光电器件、甚至于传感器等,还包含各种无源器件,如电阻、电容、电感、无源滤波器、耦合器,天线等。它的出现不仅对传统的封装技术提出全面挑战,推进封装技术进步,同时也将直接推动整个电子制造业的技术进步。介绍系统级封装的概念,讨论它的意义和所涉及的研发方面,以及它对电子制造技术的影响。     

SIP的优势和展望

介绍了一种微系统集成的新技术-SIP，并将其与SoC进行了比较，阐述了SIP的优势和应用，指出SIP将会成为微系统集成技术带来更大的发展。     

数字显示电路的设计与多芯片组件封装实现

由于MCM自身的特点，物理设计已成其瓶颈问题。本文在已有方案的基础上，设计实现了一个数字显示电路，并计算了各单元电路的相关参数，最后对电路进行多芯片组件(MCM)封装。仿真结果表明，该电路的最大电容量和响应时间等参数均能满足电路设计的要求。     

Research on grouping strategy of SIP-based streaming media P2P live broadcast network

The rapid development of Internet has led to the explosion of information sharing, and how to supervise the sharing is a main research topic on current Internet. Aiming at the disadvantage that the current Peer-to-Peer （P2P） is hard to manage and control, this paper presents a Session Initial Protocol （SIP）-based P2P network of three-level architecture. SIP middleware is introduced to the middle level of the three-layer architecture. By the connection function of the SIP signaling, the P2P transmission on media-level can be controlled. Using SIP＇s register and authentication function, the manage layer can manage the whole P2P network. Based on the aforementioned architecture, this paper investigates the grouping strategy on a live broadcast application in P2P network. Combined with the function of SIP register, the paper works on several grouping strategies, sets up models to manage users by grouping them, presents a weight-based K-means IP address grouping algorithm, and realizes it. The experiment shows that the grouping strategy presented in this paper can solve the problem of group sharing of network resource, and can realize the efficient-sharing, reasonable-distributing of network resource     

Enabling SIP-based sessions in ad hoc networks

The deployment of infrastructure-less ad hoc networks is suffering from the lack of applications in spite of active research over a decade. This problem can be solved to a certain extent by porting successful legacy Internet applications and protocols to the ad hoc network domain. Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) is designed to provide the signaling support for multimedia applications such as Internet telephony, Instant Messaging, Presence etc. SIP relies on the infrastructure of the Internet and an overlay of centralized SIP servers to enable the SIP endpoints discover each other and establish a session by exchanging SIP messages. However, such an infrastructure is unavailable in ad hoc networks. In this paper, we propose two approaches to solve this problem and enable SIP-based session setup in ad hoc networks (i) a loosely coupled approach, where the SIP endpoint discovery is decoupled from the routing procedure and (ii) a tightly coupled approach, which integrates the endpoint discovery with a fully distributed cluster based routing protocol that builds a virtual topology for efficient routing. Simulation experiments show that the tightly coupled approach performs better for (relatively) static multihop wireless networks than the loosely coupled approach in terms of the latency in SIP session setup. The loosely coupled approach, on the other hand, generally performs better in networks with random node mobility. The tightly coupled approach, however, has lower control overhead in both the cases. This work was partially done while the author was a graduate student in CReWMaN, University of Texas at Arlington. Dr. Nilanjan Banerjee is a Senior Research Engineer in the Networks Research group at Motorola India Research Labs. He is currently working on converged network systems. He received his Ph.D. and M.S. in computer science and engineering from University of Texas at Arlington. He received his B.E. degree in the same discipline from Jadavpur University, India. His research interests include telecom network architectures and protocols, identity management and network security, mobile and pervasive computing, measures for performance, modeling and simulation, and optimization in dynamic systems. Dr Arup Acharya is a Research Staff Member in the Internet Infrastructure and Computing Utilities group at IBM T.J. Watson Research Center and leads the Advanced Networking micropractice in On-Demand Innovation Services. His current work includes SIP-based services such as VoIP, Instant Messaging and Presence, and includes customer consulting engagements and providing subject matter expertise in corporate strategy teams. Presently, he is leading a IBM Research project on scalability and performance of SIP servers for large workloads. In addition, he also works on different topics in mobile/wireless networking such as mesh networks. He has published extensively in conferences/journals and has been awarded seven patents. Before joining IBM in 2000, he was with NEC C&C Research Laboratories, Princeton. He received a B.Tech degree in Computer Science from the Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur and a PhD in Computer Science from Rutgers University in 1995. Further information is available at Dr. Sajal K. Das is a Professor of Computer Science and Engineering and also the Founding Director of the Center for Research in Wireless Mobility and Networking (CReWMaN) at the University of Texas at Arlington (UTA). His current research interests include sensor networks, resource and mobility management in wireless networks, mobile and pervasive computing, wireless multimedia and QoS provisioning, wireless internet architectures and protocols, grid computing, applied graph theory and game theory. He has published over 400 research papers in these areas, holds four US patents in wireless internet and mobile networks. He received Best Paper Awards in IEEE PerCom’06, ACM MobiCom’99, ICOIN’02, ACM MSwiM’00 and ACM/IEEE PADS’97. He is also recipient of UTA’s Outstanding Faculty Research Award in Computer Science (2001 and 2003), College of Engineering Research Excellence Award (2003), the University Award for Distinguished record of Research (2005), and UTA Academy of Distinguished Scholars Award (2006). He serves as the Editor-in-Chief of Pervasive and Mobile Computing journal, and as Associate Editor of IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing, ACM/Springer Wireless Networks, IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems. He has served as General or Program Chair and TPC member of numerous IEEE and ACM conferences. He is a member of IEEE TCCC and TCPP Executive Committees.     

基于SIP的Internet电话

文章先给出了基于ＳＩＰ（会话初始化协议）的Ｉｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ电话的协议结构,随后对其中传输数据的ＲＴＰ（实时传输协议）和ＲＴＣＰ（实时传输控制协议）进行了介绍和分析,并对会话初始化协议的组成实体、命名、寻址、操作进行了详细的论述。     

SIP在3G通信网络中的应用研究

在高速移动的条件下方便快捷而又经济地通信,是市场的迫切需求.会话初始化协议(SIP)是能够在第3代移动通信系统(3G)中传输IP(Internet Protocol)多媒体业务的信令协议.它能够融合Internet和移动蜂窝系统.文中简要介绍和分析了SIP,并给出了一种基于该协议的在3G通信网络中的应用方案.     

Multihomed SIP‐based network mobility for the scheduled public transit service

Network mobility (NEMO) enables a group of nodes to connect to the back‐end infrastructure during the movement. Because a vehicle must provide passengers good enough transmission quality, various access techniques, for example, 3 G/3.5 G, Wi‐Fi or dedicated short range communication, can be simultaneously equipped to aggregate bandwidth and tolerate link failure. This paper extends the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP)‐based NEMO framework to support multihoming. First, IEEE 802.21 Media Independent Handover (MIH) is integrated to manage multiple egress interfaces in an on‐board unit (OBU). Second, a dynamic synchronization mechanism using the SIP SUBSCRIBE and NOTIFY methods is proposed to manage multiple OBUs in a vehicle. Furthermore, the framework is applied to public transportation systems, for example, bus, train, or mass rapid transit. Passengers may need to transit several times during their journeys. The transit behavior must induce a flood of signaling messages for location update. In this paper, the SIP REFER method is exploited to reduce signaling messages while a group of passengers have scheduled their transit in advance. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

MSPnet： MANAGEABLE SIP P2P MEDIA DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM

The letter proposes a three-layer manageable media distribution network system archi- tecture called MSPnet, which is based on Session Initiation Protocol[1] and Peer to Peer (SIP P2P) technology. MSPnet performs application-level structured DHT routing and resource location among domains and unstructured ones in domain. Except for media distribution, it can be used to support a variety of P2P applications, including video broadcasting, video on demand, VoIP, etc. MSPnet is composed of three layers, namely, the signal control layer, the management layer, and the media transportation layer. The MSPnet prototype consists of the SIP server, the management server, the media server, and the node User Agent (UA). Results from a prototype experiment in a large-scale Internet environment show that MSPnet is feasible, scalable and manageable.