Annual dose rate for Qena governorate population due to consume the animal products

In this work, the natural radionuclide concentrations of the 226Ra, 228Ra, 232Th and 40K were estimated from samples of cattle and poultry fodder, South Valley University farms and Qena Governorate farm, Qena, Upper Egypt. The radionuclide concentrations and annual consumption rate of twenty-nine animal fodders were analyzed using low-level γ-spectrometer, including a mixture fodder, silage, hay, rice straw, and poultry fodder. The irradiation risk of human health was assessed due to indirect ingestion of the beef, milk, poultry and egg, the annual effective dose of the radionuclides for the local consumer was 2.7, 14, 0.1, and 0.14 μSv·y–1, respectively.     

香港地区土壤和建筑材料中天然放射性水平及天然辐射所致居民剂量估算

本文报道了香港地区土壤、常用建材及路基体中~(238)U、~(226)Ra、~(232)Th 和~(40)K 含量的测量结果,由此估算了空气γ吸收剂量率和室内氡浓度,并且与初步实测值进行了比较。最后估算出天然本底辐射所致香港居民人均年有效剂量当量为3.24 mSv。     

Radioactivity level of the ambient environment of Anren bone—coal power station

The radioactivity level of the ambient environment of Anren Bone-coal Power Station(BCPS) was investigated systematically.The γ radiation dose rate level in the environment ,the content of ^238U and ^226Ra in the ambient soil and the farmland in the direction of downwind,the concentrations of ^238U,^232Th,^226Ra,^40K and ^222Rn,as well as α potential energy in air,and the concentrations of natural U and Th in effluent are all higher than the corresponding values of the reference site.The additional annual effective dose equivalent to the residents living in the houses made of bone-coal cinder brick is 2.7mSv.     

粤北铀矿山环境水中天然铀、天然钍及226Ra水平调查

2011年,分丰水期和枯水期2次对粤北3个铀矿山所在地区环境水体进行了天然铀、天然钍、226Ra等放射性核素水平的调查测量。饮用水(非受纳水体)采样点11个,样品22个;溪水(受纳水体)采样点10个,样品20个。调查结果表明,饮用水(山泉水)中天然铀、天然钍和226Ra的平均浓度分别为0.74μg/L、0.53μg/L和17.0 mBq/L;溪水中分别为23.4μg/L、0.43μg/L和25.0 mBq/L。     

包头市建筑主体材料天然放射性水平

采用低本底多道NaIγ能谱仪测定了建筑主体材料天然放射性核素40K、232Th和226Ra的比活度,并根据国家标准和欧盟放射卫生防护原则进行分析评价。结果表明,建筑主体材料中40K、232Th和226Ra的放射性比活度分别为218.82 1145.92、19.75 132.50和11.46 82.66 Bq/kg;其内照射指数IRa为0.06 0.41,外照射指数Iγ为0.28 0.70;年有效剂量率为0.41 0.97 mSv/y,内、外照射指数均小于1,本文所采集和测定的建筑主体材料的天然放射性水平都在允许范围内,故可销售和使用。然而,灰渣砖所致的居民的年有效计量率(0.97mSv/y)接近最大允许限值1 mSv/y。因此,应有效地监管建筑材料中工业废渣的用量,避免给居民带来不必要的照射。     

新疆伊犁燃煤灰放射性核素水平与富集因子分析

为了探明新疆伊犁家用燃煤灰放射性核素比活度本底值,分析了新疆伊犁河谷各矿区的48个有效燃煤炉灰样。分析结果表明:燃煤灰238 U、232 Th、226 Ra和40 K比活度范围分别为11.5~682.0、7.5~88.7、11.4~926.0、LLD~372.0Bg/kg;比活度均值分别为104.4、37.6、126.7、101.7Bq/kg。计算得到41对燃煤与燃煤炉底灰放射性核素238 U、232 Th、226 Ra、40 K的富集因子为0.1~26.6、3.3~309.2、0.4~284.0和1.7~225.5,238 U、232 Th、226 Ra相对富集因子为0.01~19.97、0.06~77.9和0.02~54.5。研究表明,此次调查的家用燃煤灰放射性核素数据与其它地区和国家数据相比为最小,燃煤与家用燃煤灰的富集因子与文献报道的相似,根据联合国电离辐射效应委员会统计的全球煤及煤灰背景值资料,此次数据均在正常值范围内。     

Natural radioactivity level of associated bone-coal mining area in Zhejiang Province

The geographic distribution, γ-radiation level and specific activity of radionuclides of the bone-coal mines in Zhejiang Province were reported. The weighted average of γ-radiation dose rate of the bone-coal mines is 566 nGy/h for 107 main bone-coal mines. The weighted mean activity of ^238U, ^226Ra, ^232Th and ^40K in the samples are 949,918, 34 and 554 Bq/kg for 171 samples of bone-coal, respectively.     

宝鸡燃煤电厂原煤及粉煤灰中天然放射性水平

本文调查测量了宝鸡电厂原煤（3个样品）、粉煤灰（17个样品）、底灰（6个样品）中天然放射性核素^226Ra、^232Th和^40K的比活度，分析了燃煤产生的底灰和粉煤灰中上述核素的含量特征，及其与原煤相比的浓集倍数。宝鸡电厂原煤和粉煤灰样品中天然放射性核素^226Ra、^232Th和^40K的比活度水平与北京电厂和上海电厂的接近。依据国家标准（GB6566-2001），对宝鸡电厂粉煤灰用作建筑材料的可行程度进行了评价，得出当建材原料100％为粉煤灰时，约有29％的样品超过国家标准的限制值。所以，应对用作建材原料的粉煤灰作放射性检测，选用合格的部分，控制高比活度粉煤灰在建材原料中的配比，以确保达到合理使用的效果。     

Variations in radioactivity of phosphate rocks from different sites in Central Eastern Desert of Upper Egypt

Natural radionuclides in the phosphate rock samples collected from Wadi Batur, Wadi Hegaza and Gabal Abu Had at Eastern Desert were determined using a high resolution 7-ray spectrometer. The experimental results concerning 226Ra, 232Th and their daughters are presented. Analyses of the measured spectra show that 226Ra is distinguished with remarkable activities with average values ranging from 22.4 to 558 Bq/kg, while 232Th activity concentration is in the range of 9.7 to 92.8 Bq/kg. The results of the analyses were found to be in a good agreement with the data obtained by others.     

土壤和水中放射性核素实验室间测量比对

介绍了2015年度由本实验室组织的关于土壤和水中放射性核素实验室间测量比对的相关情况。土壤分为掺标土壤和实际土壤两类,水为掺标样品。掺标样品的比对项目包括³H(土壤中不分析)、⁹⁰Sr、⁶⁰Co、¹³⁴Cs和¹³⁷Cs,实际土壤的比对项目包括²³⁸U、²³²Th、²²⁶Ra、⁴⁰K、⁹⁰Sr和¹³⁷Cs。8家单位(11个实验室)参加了本次比对活动,比对结果整体良好。针对比对活动中发现的问题进行了分析,并对以后的比对活动提出了建议。     

兰州市农畜产品天然放射性核素含量水平与公众年摄入量

报道了兰州市主要农畜产品中天然放射性核素^238U、^226Ra和^232Th的含量水平,粮食中的平均值分别为0．14、0．16和0．18Bq／kg,蔬菜为0．14、0．09和0．05Bq／kg,水果为0．04、0．05和0．03Bq／kg,肉类为0．23、0．21和0．17Bq／kg,蛋、奶为0．14、0．03和0．06Bq／kg;估算了由食入农畜产品致公众放射性核素年摄入量为125．8Bq。结果表明,兰州市农畜产品天然放射性核素含量水平与公众年摄入量属正常水平。     

青岛市地表天然放射性水平及其主控因素特征

通过对青岛市1 500 km2范围内大密度土壤放射性核素(238U、232Th和40K)和地表γ辐射测量,系统深入地研究了其放射性特征、分布规律及其影响因素.结果表明,青岛市土壤中核素232Th和40K的放射性比活度偏高,而2388U偏低.地表γ辐射吸收剂量率(平均值91.87 nGy· h-1)略高于全国和世界平均值,研究发现地表93.14％的γ辐射来自地面放射性核素238U、232Th和40K的γ辐射,其中232Th和40K的贡献占81.21％,是主要的贡献者.地质背景是影响地面γ辐射吸收剂量率的主要因素,燕山期各类花岗岩是导致青岛市区—王哥庄一带γ辐射吸收剂量率偏高的主要原因;同时环境因素(路面材料、地貌景观)对地表γ辐射吸收剂量率也存在一定影响.虽然研究区的γ辐射吸收剂量率较高,但其年有效剂量(0.56 mSv)远低于公众照射年剂量当量限值1.0 mSv,人居环境基本不受影响.     

浅析锆钛矿选矿工艺的辐射防护和辐射环境安全

本文以广东省4个锆钛矿选矿厂的监测结果为依据,分析了此类项目运营过程中的辐射防护和辐射环境安全.锆钛矿原矿、产品锆英砂和副产品独居石中238U、226Ra和232Th含量较高,相应物料所在车间及堆存场地周围环境的γ辐射剂量率也较高,工作人员所受外照射年剂量接近2 mSv;伴生放射性物料在中性条件下浸泡,水溶液中的总α和...     

Natural γ-ray-emitting radionuclides in Egyptian cement

Samples of cement manufactured in Egypt and the raw materials have been analyzed using gamma-spectroscopy, in order to determine the concentration of natural radionuclides and associated radiological hazard. The mean of specific activity due to radionuclides of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K was found to be (20±4), (11± 2),(320±18) (gypsum), (41±8), (27±5), (410±27) (clay), (58±11), (18±3), (321±20) (iron ore) and (37.6±6), (11.8±3),phate resistant cement (S.R.C.), clinker and white cement, while the mean specific activities of 226Ra and 232Th are activities (concentrations) are in the same range as the data released in other countries. The calculated radiation hazard parameters for all the samples are still lower than the acceptable values in Egypt and other countries.     

Radioactivity levels in soil of salt field area,Kelambakkam,Tamilnadu,India

Soil samples in and around salt field area have been analyzed for natural radioactivity concentration using gamma ray spectrometer.The activity concentration for ~(232)Th,~(238)U and ~(40)K are ranged from 27.88 to 45.27 Bq/kg, from BDL to 13.30 Bq/kg,and from 135.54 to 381.28 Bq/kg,respectively.The measured activity concentrations for these radionuclides were compared with world average activity of soil.The average activity concentration of ~(232)Th in the present study is 1.19 times higher than world median value while the activity of ~(238)U and ~(40)K is found to be lower. The absorbed dose rates due to these radionuclides were calculated.The average absorbed gamma dose rate due to the presence of ~(232)Th,~(238)U and ~(40)K in soil samples is 36.99 nGy·h~(-1).These results indicate no radiological anomaly. The data presented in this study will serve as a base line survey for primordial radionuclides concentration in the study area.     

Estimation of radiation hazard indices from natural radioactivity of some rocks

1 Introduction Naturally occurring radionuclides 226Ra, 232Th and 40K are widespread in the earth’s environment and they exist in various geological formation such as soil, rock, water and plants [1]. These radionuclides pose exposure risks externally due to their γ-ray emissions and internally due to radon and its progeny, which emit alpha particles. Even though these radionuclides are widely distributed, their concentrations have been found to depend on the local geological condition and …     

Radionuclides in the Soil of Typical Arctic Tundra and Beneath a Bird Colony Near the Russian Village of Barentsburg (Svalbard Archipelago)

Atomic Energy - Features of the distribution of native (40K, 226Ra, 232Th) and artificial (90Sr, 137Cs) radionuclides in the soil of two different biotopes – beneath a vertical cliff colony...     

Natural radioactive environment of urban soils in Shihezi, China

Radionuclides, such as ~(238)U,~(232)Th and ~(40)K, can be found in urban soil. To evaluate the natural radioactivity in the environment, soil samples were collected form Shihezi city and radioisotope concentrations were determined by X-ray fluorescence. The dose rate of urban soil (mGy per year, mGy/a) was calculated. The results indicate that the U, Th and K concentrations of the urban soils were, respectively, 1.2-3.2 mg/kg, 6.4-12.3 mg/kg and 2.05%-2.24%, with the mean values of 2.47 mg/kg, 10.47 mg/kg and 2.16 %. Dose rates of urban soils were 10.04-19.55 mGy/a with the mean value of 16.31 mGy/a. This dose rate is the perfect and maximum value of natural radiation in soil and different with the air absorbed dose rate from terrestrial γ-rays. The mean value of air absorbed dose rate was about 57.42 nGy/h. The annual effective dose rate in air was about 0.07 mSv/a and the average value of Ra_(eq) in urban soil was 120.37 Bq/kg. The relative contribution of a particle to the dose rate is higher than that derived from β- and γ-rays in the urban soils.     

Gamma-ray measurements of natural radioactivity in sedimentary rocks from Egypt

The aim of this study was to measure concentrations and distributions of natural radionuclides occurring mentary rock samples from Eastern Desert (Um El-Huetat), Nile Valley (Gebel Owina) and from southwest Sinai (Wadi Ghweiba) were measured using a high-purity germanium detector. The samples under investigation (clay, shale and sandstone) were used as raw materials in the construction industry (bricks, ceramics, cement, fillers, etc.). Though the sediments of Egypt have already been investigated in the geological and mineralogical aspects, it is necessary to investigate the natural radioactivity in order to complete their classification. The average concentration values of 226Ra, 232Th, 40K in the surveyed samples were 47 ± 7,21± 5, 393±19 Bq.kg-1 (clay); 23 ± 5, 30 ± 6, 563 ± 24 Bq.kg-1(shale); and 17 ± 4, 14 ± 4, 299 ± 17 Bq.kg-1 (sandstone), respectively. All sediment samples have radium equivalent natural radionuclides present in the samples have been computed and compared with the global averages. In terms of the radiation safety, the natural radioactivity of the sediment in Egypt is below the recommended limits of the gamma dose rate. Therefore, they can be used for all kinds of public buildings.     

天然石材放射性核素的HPGe快速分析研究

根据天然石材226Ra、232Th与其子体是处于放射性平衡的特点,研究了制样过程对226Ra与其子体平衡过程的影响.发现样品盒里样品装得越满,初始平衡度越高,增长系数越大;当样品上面的空间为零时,初始平衡度最高,增长系数可达到理论值.多种不同石材实验还表明,不同石材226Ra子体增长曲线很接近,意味着未平衡时的测量结果与平衡时的测定值有很好的确定性关系.还给出了不同平衡时间的校正因子.此方法有可能推广到建材等放射性检测,只要能确认样品未粉碎前226Ra、232Th与各自子体处于放射性平衡.