共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 468 毫秒
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综述了基于新型半导体纳米材料—量子点(QDs)的各种生物传感器如荧光生物传感器、微流控芯片生物传感器、光纤生物传感器、适配体生物传感器、分子马达生物传感器等的原理、特点,并对其在生物医学分析检测中的应用与其发展的局限性与发展前景进行了综述. 相似文献
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化学传感器由识别元件和换能元件所构成。识别元件可以对所检测的不同化合物(待分析物)进行识别和感知;换能元件则可以产生一个其数值与待分析物浓度呈函数关系的信号。化学传感器中还包含了一类能对生物化学物质和生物反应进行识别的生物传感器。生物传感器应用生物元件(例如生物体、酶、抗体、组织和细胞)作为感受器,因而有别于传统的化学传感器。一般来说,依据待分析物的物相不同可将化学传感器 相似文献
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碳纳米材料以其优异的导电特性和机械性能及极佳的生物相容性在构建电化学生物传感器中备受关注,为电化学生物传感器的开发和研究开辟了一片广阔天地。将碳纳米材料与其它纳米材料复合,是一种拓展和增强其应用的有效方法。碳纳米材料在电化学生物传感器方面的应用主要是作为传感器界面的修饰材料、生物分子的固载基质以及信号标记物等。该文综述了碳纳米复合材料在电化学生物传感器中的应用,包括碳纳米管纳米复合物、石墨烯纳米复合物、富勒烯及碳量子点纳米复合物。并展望了未来基于碳纳米材料的电化学生物传感器的研究方向。 相似文献
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薄膜型TMA气体传感器的研制 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文报道了采用等离子体CVD方法制备Fe2O3/TiO2薄膜材料,并用浸渍法对表面修饰了In,制成了检测鱼鲜度TMA的薄膜气传感器,并具有很好的灵敏度,等。 相似文献
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Cao XiaAuthor Vitae Xu YanjunAuthor VitaeWang NingAuthor Vitae 《Sensors and actuators. B, Chemical》2011,153(2):434-438
In this paper, hierarchically structured NiO nanoflowers were facile synthesized by incorporating a convenient solution process with a subsequent thermal treating process. Their catalytic activity was then electrochemically investigated in detail. The NiO nanoflower modified biosensor exhibits excellent sensing performance for the determination of l-ascorbic acid with a response time less than 8 s, linear range between 0.005 and 3.5 mM, and sensitivity as 220.4 μA mM−1 cm−2. Besides, a high selectivity towards the oxidation of AA in the presence of dopamine (DA) and nitrite was also observed at their maximum physiological concentrations. The good analytical performance, long-term stability, low cost and straightforward fabrication process made the NiO nanomaterials promising for the development of effective electrochemical sensors for a wide range of potential applications in medicine, biotechnology and environmental chemistry. 相似文献
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半导体乙醇传感器的湿度影响与氧化铌的应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
详细考察了湿度对SnO2系半导体乙醇传感器的影响,实验表明:环境湿度会使三价金属氧化物掺杂的SnO2半导体材料灵敏度下降,其中以氧化镧掺杂的SnO2系乙醇传感器衰减严重,在相对湿度90%RH(25℃)的环境中3×10-4体积分数的乙醇信号衰减率达到30%~40%,这种现象同样存在与In2O3和A l2O3掺杂体系的传感器上。以Nb2O5为掺杂剂的传感器体系湿度引起的灵敏度衰减轻微,用1.5%Nb2O5和0.5%La2O3配合使用的掺杂剂湿度影响较小,同时,传感器对乙醇灵敏度和选择性较好。 相似文献
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气敏材料是气体(化学)传感器的核心部位,直接影响传感器的稳定性、选择性、灵敏度和响应时间等各种性能。卟啉与金属卟啉配合物具有优良的气敏性能,目前国内外卟啉与金属卟啉传感器已应用于VOCs的检测。该文介绍了卟啉及其结构、合成方法、卟啉和金属卟啉配合物的合成及影响因素;卟啉和金属卟啉在传感器中的应用和对挥发性有机气体的检测原理。 相似文献
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LB膜技术及其在传感器中的应用 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
LB膜技术由于具有膜厚超薄、厚度可控、排列有序、均匀性极好、且可根据需要进行分层组装等特点,越来越受到人们的注目。介绍了LB膜技术的基木要点,以及在制造小型、灵敏、高选择性、稳定可靠、性能优异传感器中的应用前景。 相似文献
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Qing WangAuthor VitaeJiahao HuangAuthor Vitae Xiaohai YangAuthor VitaeKemin WangAuthor Vitae Leiliang HeAuthor VitaeXiaoping LiAuthor Vitae Caoye XueAuthor Vitae 《Sensors and actuators. B, Chemical》2011,156(2):893-898
It was difficult to detect small molecules directly using conventional surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensors since the changes of refractive index, which was resulted by binding small molecules, were usually small. In this paper, split aptamer fragments were used for the construction of SPR biosensor to determine small molecule such as adenosine with high sensitivity. An aptamer for adenosine was designed to be two flexible ssDNA pieces, one was tethered on Au film and the other was modified on Au nanoparticles (AuNPs). In the presence of adenosine, two ssDNA pieces reassembled into the intact aptamer structure and the AuNPs-labeled adenosine-aptamer complex was formed on the Au film. Then, the resonance wavelength shift was enhanced obviously, due to the electronic coupling between the localized plasmon of AuNPs and the surface plasmon wave associated with Au film. The results confirmed that this biosensor could detect adenosine with high sensitivity and selectivity. The limitation of detection (LOD) of this SPR biosensor was ca. 1.5 pM, which was an approximately ca. 2-3 order of magnitude lower than that of those SPR biosensors which utilized competitive methods. 相似文献
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电化学适体传感器通过测定适体与目标物作用前后电化学信号的变化来实现对目标分析物的定量检测,具有操作简单、响应快速、灵敏度高、选择性好等优点。为进一步提高传感器的灵敏度,增强检测信号成为研究者们在构建电化学适体传感器中常用的手段。通过纳米材料、生物及化学等方法放大传感器界面的响应信号,能特异性地提高检测信号,降低噪音信号,对于提高传感器的灵敏度具有十分重要的意义。该文简要介绍了电化学适体传感器的原理,重点评述了近十年来信号放大技术在电化学适体传感器方面的研究和应用进展。 相似文献
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This review focuses on applying nanotechnology to foodborne pathogen detection. Because of low infectious doses for most foodborne
pathogens, the rapid and sensitive detection methods are essential to ensure the food safety. The advances in the development
of nanomaterials have stimulated worldwide research interests in their applications for bioanalysis. The conjugation of biomolecules
with nanomaterials is the foundation of nano-biorecognition. A variety of strategies including antibody–antigen, adhesin–receptor,
antibiotic, and complementary DNA sequence recognitions have been explored for specific recognition between target bacterial
cells and bio-functionalized nanomaterials. The incorporation of these bio-functionalized nanomaterials into current pathogen
detection methods has led to rapid and nearly real-time pathogen detection (as short as a few minutes), improved sensitivity
(single bacterial cell), and simultaneous detection of multiple micro-organisms from either nutrient broth, liquid or solid
food products, or biofilms. The unique properties of nanomaterials in physical strength, chemical reactivity, electrical conductance,
magnetism and optical effects make them promising in the development of practical biosensors with emphasis on device portability
and simplicity in sample preparation, and the improvement of current pathogen detection methods. 相似文献