复合电沉积RE-Ni-W-SiC-PTFE的研究

复合电镀层的耐磨、耐蚀及自润滑性能良好,越来越受到人们的关注。研究了电流密度、温度、ｐＨ 值及镀液中ＰＴＦＥ 含量对镀层中ＰＴＦＥ、ＳｉＣ 含量及沉积速度的影响,优选出一种最佳的复合镀工艺参数。     

醋酸阿比特龙二聚体杂质合成研究

以17-碘-雄甾-5,16-二烯-3-β-醇及二乙基-3-(吡啶基)硼烷为起始原料,经Suzuki偶联、Heck偶联及乙酰化反应定向合成了二聚体杂质;产物经1H NMR、13C NMR、MS进行结构确证。     

吡唑类化合物的研究Ⅲ.1-苯基-3-羟基-4-苯甲酰基-5-吡唑酮的合成及其性质

合成的标题化合物为新螫合剂。质谱、红外、紫外及元素分析确定了化合物的结构.还测定了酸式电离平衡常数。     

DOPO及其衍生物在环氧树脂中的应用研究进展

综述了近年来9,10-二氢-9-氧-10-磷杂菲-10-氧化物(DOPO)及其衍生物在环氧树脂中应用以提高环氧树脂阻燃性,耐热性,吸湿性及力学等性能的研究进展,内容涉及DOPO型环氧树脂、DOPO型环氧固化剂及添加型DOPO环氧树脂等。     

2-甲酰胺基-4-甲基-5-乙酰基噻唑的合成研究

以乙酰丙酮为原料,通过氯化、环合及酰化反应合成了2-甲酰胺基-4-甲基-5-乙酰基噻唑。实验研究了物料配比、反应温度及pH值诸因素对产品收率的影响,在优化条件下总的收率可达79．7％。     

4-(9-蒽基)-6-辛氧基-1,3,5-三嗪-2-胺的合成及其在酸性介质中的光谱行为研究

以2,4-二氯-6-辛氧基-1,3,5-三嗪为原料,经Kumada偶联及胺化两步反应合成了三嗪胺衍生物:4-(9-蒽基)-6-辛氧基-1,3,5-三嗪-2-胺(AOOTA),总产率为38%.通过紫外-可见吸收光谱及荧光光谱研究了氯仿溶液中AOOTA在乙酸(HOAc)及三氟乙酸(TFA)作用下的光谱行为.研究发现AOOTA与HOAc在基态及激发态下均不能发生双氢键作用,而AOOTA与TFA相互作用基态下形成双氢键复合物,激发态下由于分子中蒽基及辛氧基与三嗪环间的C—C单键以及C—O单键的自由旋转,从而使得AOOTA与TFA分子间不能形成有效的氢键相互作用.     

2-氯-5-甲基吡啶的合成

主要介绍了以2-氨基-5-甲基吡啶为原料,经重氮化合成2-氯-5-甲基吡啶的过程及影响因素.     

2-氨基-3-溴-6-氯吡啶的合成工艺研究

标题化合物是一种重要的精细化工及医药中间体,可用于制备神经原纤维缠结显像剂、IRAK-4抑制剂及治疗退行性和炎症性疾病的化合物。对标题化合物的合成工艺路线进行了改进,以2-氨基-6-氯吡啶为起始原料,经氨基保护、溴代、脱保护基3步反应得到标题化合物,总收率为65. 13%。其结构经~1HNMR和MS确证。改进后的工艺具有原料成本低且商业可得、实验条件温和易控、操作及纯化过程简单、标题化合物纯度及收率较高的优点,可满足工业化生产需求。     

3-甲氧基-1-丙醇的合成

由3-氯-1-丙醇法合成3-甲氧基-1-丙醇确定的较佳工艺条件为:甲醇钠/3-氯-1-丙醇摩尔比=1.4～1.8,甲醇钠的甲醇溶液质量分数=27%～30%,滴加温度及反应温度均为70℃,滴加时间为1h,反应时间为5h,并确定了中和方法及精馏提纯条件。产品收率在85%以上,较文献报道产品收率有明显提高。     

3-氨基-4-甲基-6-甲氧基-7-羟基香豆素的合成研究

以对甲苯磺酸为催化荆,采用操作简便、绿色环保的无溶剂合成方法,通过Pechmann反应成功合成了未见文献报道的标题化合物.结构经1HNMR及MS确证.     

Bioactivity and osteoinductivity of glasses and glassceramics and their material determinants

Bioactive glasses and glassceramics have been used in both bone repair and tissue engineering applications. An important feature of bioactive glasses and glassceramics, which enables them to be used for desired application, is their biological activity. This activity is manifested by the ability of these materials to form a stable bond with bone tissue (bioactivity) and, in some cases, their ability to promote/initiate osteogenesis (osteoinductivity). A stable material-bone bonding (i.e. bioactivity) results from specific material surface reactions leading to hydroxyapatite (HAp) formation on the material surface. Bioactivity of materials is often evaluated in vitro and the ability of materials to form HAp-like surface layer is usually studied after immersion/incubation of materials in simulated body fluid (SBF). Biological activity of materials can be also defined as their ability to induce specific cell responses leading to faster regeneration of bone tissue. It may be manifested by materials supporting bone cell attachment, proliferation and differentiation (biocompability/osteconductivity), and/or by materials inducing/promoting the expression of multiple bone-related genes that drive osteogenesis (osteoinductivity). Osteoinductivity is often verified in vivo by the materials capability to form bone at etopic (i.e. extraskeletal) sites. However, a lot of in vitro call-based experiments are now offered to determine osteoinductive properties of biomaterials. This review focuses on the silica-based glasses and glass-ceramics, in particular, the sol-gel derived ones, and summarizes their bioactivity and osteoinductivity as major determinants of their biological activity. We highlight the chemistry of bioglasses and glassceramics that affects not only the formation of a stable implant/bone bonding by HAp layer, but also drives the cell response in vitro and in vivo.     

油气管道及储运设施安全保障技术发展现状及展望

相比已经完善丰富的开采和勘探技术,油气的运输以及储存却仍然存在不足之处。我国对能源安全提出更加严格要求的同时,对区域经济的发展规划也有足够重视。因此,保障油气管道的安全则成为了我国能源安全战略的重中之重。在阐释油气管道现阶段在储运安全保障技术发展状况的基础上,分析了现存的问题及解决问题的手段,并指出未来可能使用的目标策略,为今后研究者提供一定程度上的借鉴经验。     

RO and NF membrane fouling and cleaning and pore size distribution variations

The variations of porosity parameters of some reverse osmosis (RO) and nanofiltration (NF) polyamide thin-film composite membranes were determined in order to explain the changes of membranes' performances caused by membrane fouling and chemical cleaning of the fouled membranes. The pore size distribution curves and the effective number of pores in the membrane surface indicated plugging of the tight network pores in the membrane surface and even their disappearance during fouling. The enlargement of the wider aggregate pores was responsible for the noticed reduction in salt rejection. The initial pore structure of the fouled RO membrane was restored by immediate chemical cleaning. A delay of chemical cleaning of the fouled membranes led to irreversible changes in the porous structure of both the RO and NF membranes, which were caused by a microbial activity.     

壳寡糖的制备、分离分析方法及在农业上的应用

壳寡糖具有独特的生理活性和功能性质,在多个领域有广泛的用途,尤其是在农业中作为植物病原菌生长抑制剂、土壤修复剂、产生诱导抗性等,逐渐成为国内外关注热点。其主要的制备方法有化学法、酶解法和物理法。分离方法主要有色谱柱分离法、膜分离法、酶法。分析方法有高效液相色谱法、质谱分析、核磁共振和红外光谱。     

Characterization and emulsification properties of rhamnolipid and sophorolipid biosurfactants and their applications

Due to their non-toxic nature, biodegradability and production from renewable resources, research has shown an increasing interest in the use of biosurfactants in a wide variety of applications. This paper reviews the characterization of rhamnolipid and sophorolipid biosurfactants based on their hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity and their ability to form microemulsions with a range of oils without additives. The use of the biosurfactants in applications such as detergency and vegetable oil extraction for biodiesel application is also discussed. Rhamnolipid was found to be a hydrophilic surfactant while sophorolipid was found to be very hydrophobic. Therefore, rhamnolipid and sophorolipid biosurfactants in mixtures showed robust performance in these applications.     

蔬菜水果中硝酸盐与亚硝酸盐的测定及其储藏过程中的含量变化

文章采用离子色谱法/电导检测器,测定了蔬菜水果样品中的硝酸盐和亚硝酸的含量。实验选取并优化样品前处理方法,获得无色透明的溶液后,经0.45μm过滤器过滤后得到待测液,最后自动进样,离子色谱法进行样品测定,以10 mmol/L KOH溶液为淋洗液,相对标准偏差：NO3-为0.38%,NO2-为0.54%;回收率：NO3-为98.8%～99.7%,NO2-为98.6%～99.9%。本方法操作简便快速,且具有仪器稳定性好、测定结果准确可靠的特点。在被测定蔬菜水果中,硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐含量都在较低浓度水平,NO3-：16.8～21.9 mg/kg,NO2-：0.0887～0.164 mg/kg。最后讨论了几种蔬菜水果样品储藏过程中硝酸盐与亚硝酸盐的含量变化情况。     

油气田开发建设与环境影响

油气田的开发建设一直是我国石油行业中的重中之重。随着我国石油行业的快速发展,各项领域对石油与天然气的需求也越来越大。但是,随着石油与天然气的大力开采,对环境产生了不良的影响。对此,通过对油气田的开发、油气田开发建设对环境的影响以及环境的保护对策等方面进行了简略的说明,希望对我国以后油气田开发建设有一定的指导作用。     

乙苯,苯乙烯的生产及合成乙苯,苯乙烯催化剂的研究进展

苯乙烯是重要的石油化工原料。本文介绍了国内外苯乙烯生产的发展概况，合成乙苯，苯乙烯所用的催化剂种类，并就苯乙烯生产及催化剂的发展趋势提出了自己的观点。     

宏观调控及政策简述

2003年中国经济高速发展，多项经济指标创1995年以来的最好水平。但与此同时，经济运行突出问题显现，如固定资产投资规模过大，增长过快，投资结构不合理。详细分析了2003年以来我国固定资产的投资状况，钢铁、电解铝、水泥工业的经济运行情况，以及亟待改变的高投入、高消耗、高排放、不协调的增长方式。重点介绍了我国宏观经济调控措施及其调控效果，并特别提及了宏观调控水泥工业政策。     

Gemini型表面活性剂结构性能与应用

Gemini型表面活性剂的结构和性质与传统的表面活性剂有很大的不同,例如Gemini型表面活性剂可以视为两个普通表面活性剂在亲水基或者靠近亲水基处由连接基团通过化学键连接而成;Gemini表面活性剂的C20值和cmc值都比传统表面活性剂的值要低很多。着重介绍了Gemini型表面活性剂的特性,结构与表面活性的关系以及应用。