基于WAMS的电网故障检测新方法

当出现大范围的停电事故时,保护系统自身的故障往往是导致灾难发生的原因之一。为了解决这个问题,提出一种利用PMU数据和母线阻抗矩阵（Zbus）以替代保护系统功能的独立故障检测方法。首先,根据提出的方法确定故障区域,然后确定故障线路。通过广域测量,故障位置随着线路的确定也就被估算出来。IEEE-118节点测试系统验证结果表明,该方法成功的检测出整个电网的故障线路以及故障线路中的故障位置     

西北电网实时动态监控系统发展前景分析

介绍了西北电网实时动态监控系统建设和西北电网扰动试验概况.正在建设的西北电网实时动态监控系统一期工程--广域相量测量系统WAMS(Wide Area Measurement System)全面地记录了本次扰动试验的各项数据.试验结果检验了WAMS系统各项应用功能,表明西北电网实时动态监控系统建设初见成效,发展前景光明.     

基于图论的电力系统PMU布点优化算法

基于最小支配集理论和电力系统线性量测模型．提出了可观测节点集合、WAMS可观测矩阵两个概念以及一种新的节点可观测性计算规则。以保证系统的完全可观测性和以系统图的最小支配集为搜索范围构成约束条件,以电力系统状态完全可观测和相量测量装置（PMU）配置数目最小为目标,形成了PMU配置优化问题。并应用禁忌搜索（TS）方法求解该问题,保证了全局寻优。最后采用IEEE14、30、57、118节点系统和新英格兰39节点系统对该方法进行了验证,仿真结果表明该方法的有效性和可行性。     

河北电力公司AVC和WAMS系统通过评审

2009年2月7日,由中国科学院专家组成的评审委员会,对河北省电力公司“河北南部电网在线电压无功优化协调控制系统”（AVC系统）和“基于广域测量系统的电网在线实用化应用功能研究”（WAMS系统）两个项目进行了评审。该项目于2008年底基本建成,并投入试运行。试运行结果表明,该系统有效解决了河北南网结构日趋复杂、与周边电网联系紧密方式下的无功自动优化调整难的问题。     

相量测量装置在750 kV变电站的应用

对在西北电网750 kV变电站装设的PMU装置应用和运行情况进行了阐述。西北电网PMU相量测量装置具备实时监测、动态数据实时记录和实时通信三大功能,且三者互不干扰、互不影响。列举了该装置在满负荷试验和电网故障时的应用实例,对运行中发现的端子接线问题、程序参数设计问题进行了具体分析。通过对广域相量测量的总结说明在750 kV电网范围内推广开展的重要性。     

相量测量装置在750kV变电站的应用

对在西北电网750kV变电站装设的PMU装置应用和运行情况进行了阐述。西北电PMU相量测量装置具备实时监测、动态数据实时记录和实时通信三大功能．且三者互不干扰、互不影响。列举了该装置在满负荷试验和电网故障时的应用实例．对运行中发现的端子接线问题、程序参数设计问题进行了具体分析。通过对广域相量测量的总结说明在750kV电网范围内推广开展的重要性。     

基于信号分析的电力系统低频振荡辨识方法研究综述

随着PMU测量装置在电网中的广泛应用,基于PMU实测信息的WAMS系统已成为区域互联电网低频振荡在线监测的重要手段。重点对低频振荡的发生机理和基于信号特征辨识的电力系统低频振荡分析方法的进行了综述,并结合工程实际探讨了未来大电网低频振荡在线监测的技术发展方向,指出未来低频振荡在线监测应紧密结合一体化智能调度自动化系统的技术发展,实现全局的在线协同监测与分析。     

基于PMU数据的混合动态仿真方法比较

随着广域测量系统(WAMS)技术的快速发展和广泛应用,它为电力系统建模和仿真分析提供了更加精确的实测动态数据。借助同步相量测量单元(PMU)测得的动态电压、电流和功率数据作为时变注入量,进行混合动态仿真可以实现互联电网的电气解耦仿真,并准确地计及外部网络或模型的动态特性和影响。介绍了基于注入时变电压、时变电流和时变功率的3种混合动态仿真方法的基本原理和计算流程,然后分析了这3种不同时变量测注入混合仿真方法的仿真误差产生原因。最后,通过四机双区域系统仿真分析比较了这3种方法的可行性和有效性。     

广域测量系统故障定位新方法

基于全球定位系统（GPS）的相量测量单元（PMU）的出现,使得在电力系统中应用广域电流差动保护成为可能。提出了一种新型的故障定位方法,即采用聚类分析最短距离法,并结合图论工具,对系统进行归类并划分保护区域。计算保护区内的电流之和,并据此判断保护区内是否存在故障。若保护区内存在故障,则通过逐渐减小阀值,将该保护区划分成若干子保护区,并重复以上步骤,最终锁定故障区域。     

基于PMU的发电机参数量测对电网输送能力提高的研究

针对目前难以获得同步发电机实际运行工况参数的问题,利用同步相量测量单元（PMU）能直接测量发电机的功角以及机端电压和电流相角的特点．计算获得发电机实际运行的同步参数xd。将该直接测量的发电机运行参数运用于电力系统仿真计算,可提高电力系统暂态功角稳定水平和输电能力,同时也提高了系统的静态功角稳定水平。通过算例表明了此方法的实用性和方便性。     

WAMS applications in Chinese power systems

Since the first GPS-based phasor measurement (PMU) unit was invented, synchrophasor technology has developed for more than a decade. During this period many concepts were proposed, for instance, the wide-area measuring/monitoring system (WAMS). It brings great potential for upgrading the supervision, operation, protection and control of modern power systems. In China, this emerging technology also attracts great concerns because of the rapidly expanding scale of many new challenges to Chinese power industry. In this article, we summarize the most recent development of PMU/WAMS in China, with emphasis on the basic architectures and functions of the developed system and the communication infrastructures. The future trend is also discussed.     

The Wide World of Wide-area Measurement

The interest in phasor measurement technology has reached a peak in recent years, as the need for the best estimate of the power system?s state is recognized to be a crucial element in improving its performance and its resilience in the face of catastrophic failures. In most countries installing the phasor measurement units (PMU s) and getting to know the PMU system behavior through continuous observations of system events has been the first step. All installations are reaching for a hierarchical wide-area measurement system (WAMS ) so that the measurements obtained from various substations on the system can be collected at central locations from which various monitoring, protection, and control applications can be developed. In this article, experts from several countries summarize their WAMS -related activities in some detail. It is of course not possible to claim that this is a complete list of countries pursuing this technology. To the best of our knowledge similar activities are also progressing in South Africa, Taiwan, Japan, and several other countries. However, the contributions here provide an account of the most advanced stages in WAMS development in major world economies.     

含有限PMU的主动配电网故障定位

对于含分布式电源(DG)的主动配电网,基于同步相量测量单元(PMU)的监测信息进行故障分析与处理,从而达到定位目的.首先采用拓扑优化法对PMU进行布点优化配置,同时将系统划分为不同区域.利用PMU监测所得实时潮流和电气量信息,基于功率增量方向原理可初步判断发生故障的区域;其次计算候选故障区域内各条区段发生不同类型故障时...     

PMU-WAMS research and application in Brazil

Wide area measurement system (WAMS), which is based on synchronization data from phasor measurement units (PMU) and EMS SCADA, is implemented to establish a system model that can handle certain functions such as realtime power system monitoring, oscillation mode analysis, accident analysis and decision-making assistance for emergency control. The Brazilian Interconnected Power System (BIPS) is a large system covering an extensive geographical region, which faces certain risks and challenges. It has several main transmission corridors associated with large power plants and interconnection between the northern and southeastern regions. Mismatch between the energy base and load pool also exists in Brazil as energy resources are not well-distributed; therefore, the use of large-capacity, long-distance transmission technique to transmit remote power is unescapable. On the other hand, there are many types of voltage levels and multiple entangled electromagnetic loops owing to historical reasons. Then, for insufficient power reservation and defective grid body in load pools, once the external power is cut, it’s easy to raise a blackout. The infrastructure is old and the power system operates close to the upper limit. All these represent risks and challenges to BIPS. Through WAMS technology research method in this project, the electrical power system function of monitoring, analysis, and control improved from the static state to the dynamic state. WAMS enhances data integration and real-time analysis capabilities, and can provide dispatchers with high quality real-time dynamic information and decision-making support information, enhance monitoring of auxiliary services in the electricity market, enable operators to improve the accuracy of power network analysis, thereby increasing power grid monitoring and operation, and improve the transmission capacity and reliability of the power grid operation [1].     

基于PMU量测的线路参数辨识算法

利用PMU量测数据具有严格时间同步、均匀发送的特点,基于PI型等值电路模型,提出一种新的线路参数辨识方法。该方法以线路两端测量的电压和电流相量为基础,利用最小二乘算法实现线路参数的最小偏差辨识,理论分析和实际算例表明了该方法的可行性。对影响辨识精度的主要误差源进行了分析,并给出了一种实用的坏数据剔除方法,可进一步提高数据辨识的精度;亦对如何利用线路量测的残差分析结果指导状态估计中的权重系数设置进行了详细讨论。与传统方法相比,基于PMU量测的参数辨识方法具有灵活、简便、可重复和连续执行的优点,具有较高的实用价值。     

Wide area system monitoring and control - terminology, phenomena, and solution implementation strategies

This article describes the transition from phasor-based wide area measurement to real time monitoring, control, and protection. The power system phenomena to deal with are reviewed, and key concepts in control and protection are addressed along with different design principles and architectures. Examples of analysis tools, monitoring tools and concepts for control and protection are given. The use of PMU improved the observability of the power system dynamics.     

Phasing in the Technology

P september/october 2008 ieee power & energy magazine 25 Phasor measurements were introduced as a specialized power system measurement in 1986. Following a paper published in 1983 describing the technique, Virginia Tech produced prototype phasor measurement units (PMU s) that were supplied to American Electric Power (AE P) and the Bonneville Power Administration (BPA). These units were tested and used by these utilities for several years before the first commercial unit, the Macrodyne 1690, was introduced in 1991. Using the original PMU s, AE P and BPA built phasor measurement systems that only provided recorded data for analysis with basic plotting tools. BPA redesigned the measurement system in 1997 into a true real-time, widearea measurement system (Figure 1) using commercial PMU s and a custom phasor data concentrator (PDC ). Since then, many phasor data systems have been developed and deployed throughout the world. Many more PMU models have become available with a range of options. Several variations of PDC units have been produced, and many applications are available for analysis of recorded phasor data as well as real-time display and alarming. This article examines the current phasor measurement systems in North America.     

Implementation and performance evaluation of advance metering infrastructure for Borneo-Wide Power Grid

In this paper, a supervisory computer network for Borneo-Wide Power Grid system have been proposed and implemented, which includes a renewable power generation and advanced metering infrastructure. An Internet-based communication network running on multiprotocol label switching (MPLS) has been implemented for a smart power grid, with the addition of the renewable energy monitoring system. The centralized supervisory control and data acquisition systems (SCADA) are replaced by a wide area monitoring system(WAMS) comprising of a phasor measurement unit (PMU). The implemented communication network used advanced metering infrastructure that operates on worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX), wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) and low power Wi-Fi, which are proposed for the distribution systems of Sarawak Energy. The proposed wide area network (WAN) is simulated using OPNET Modeler and the results are compared with the existing WAN used by Sarawak Energy.