房地产形势与住宅设施现代化

本文从经济实用房、商品住宅市场等方面,较系统地分析了我国目前房地产形势,并就随看居住水平提高、科学技术进步,从而推动住宅设施现代化发展作了深入剖析.     

Intergenerational support for autonomous living in a post-socialist housing market: homes,meanings and practices

Abstract

This paper explores housing trajectories of young adults and practices of intergenerational support in Romania drawing on narratives of a group of people aged 25–39 living (quasi-) autonomously in Bucharest, and those of kin that support them. It describes three housing arrangements in which family (parental) resources and property play an important role, and argues that in this context of high interdependence, unequal relationships develop between parents and adult children marked by professed entitlement on the part of children and controlling generosity on the part of parents. It shows how interdependent practices of homemaking and material support combine to shape housing trajectories and define the boundaries of ownership over homes that are shared, gifted or given in use within kin networks, sheltering young adults from the vagaries of the market.     

房价收入比的计算及应用研究——基于江苏省的实证分析

简要回顾了近年国内学者对房价收入比所做的研究,剖析了房价收入比的宏观与微观意义,分析了国际、国内房价收入比的计算方法,研究了国内房价收入比计算存在的问题,并重新设计了房价收入比的计算方法及其合理区间的计算公式.并以江苏省为例,分析了近年来江苏省整体的房价收入比以及不同收入群体的房价收入比.     

家庭装修应倡导“绿色设计”

家庭装修“绿色设计”的理念体现在充分利用自然资源、减少模式化操作、重视功能设计上。设计中按照人体工程学原理,把家庭装修用建筑的语言描述成一种生活方式。具体操作中,应注意用局部做好整体的文章、适合自然的个性化品味、注重不同格调的色彩搭配。     

美国老年住宅发展经验研究及借鉴

本文通过对美国老年住宅类型的总结、案例分析、中美老年住宅发展差异的比较,指出中美制度和政策规范的不同,我国的老年住宅发展应注意住宅的软硬件设施及成本等问题.     

Changes in transitions from private renting to homeownership in the context of rapidly rising house prices

A period associated with the emergence of the current housing crisis in Britain provides a testbed in which to investigate household tenure choice in the context of rapidly rising house prices. We compile a bespoke data-set combining data from the British Household Panel Survey and sources of local and national housing and mortgage market information covering the period 1994–2008. During this period, we observe three key changes in behaviour associated with the emergence of the housing crisis: (i) increasing acceptance of long-term renting; (ii) the emergence of local house prices as a factor inhibiting entry to homeownership at district level; and (iii) the cessation of moving to a lower cost district as a strategy to enter homeownership. We interpret these findings as some private tenants reducing their aspiration for homeownership, and those seeking entry to homeownership shifting strategy from moving to cheaper districts in favour of staying put and saving.     

城市房价风险测度及预警研究综述

在明确房价风险问题研究的理论和现实意义的基础上,分析论证房价风险的内涵及其影响因素,介绍并比较分析金融和房地产领域的风险测度方法,根据房价风险的特性,回顾风险预警理论及价格风险预警的应用研究概况,最后针对目前研究的问题提出进一步的研究方向。     

基于价格预测研究宏观调控对住宅价格的影响

为了说明政府宏观调控对商品住宅价格的影响,在文献研究的基础上,从宏观经济因素、房地产开发统计因素、人口因素、金融因素四个方面分析选取商品住宅价格的主要影响因素,结合济南市2000~2009 年的相关数据,运用主成分分析法,消除变量间多重共线性影响,建立了多元线性回归预测模型。对济南市2010 年、2011 年商品住宅价格进行预测。比较预测价格与市场价格差异,分析差异产生的原因,认为宏观调控政策显著地影响着住宅的价格。     

日本适老化集合住宅设计新趋势对我国老年居住建筑设计的启迪

本文对当前日本适老化集合住宅的户型特点和新的发展趋势进行阐述,对其户型空间构成、主要空间特点进行剖析,在此基础上归纳我国老年居住建筑及设施在户型设计中可以借鉴和学习的要点。     

北京市房价和地价关系分析

利用北京市的相关数据,采用Granger因果关系检验分析方法,定量分析北京市房价和地价的因果关系,发现:从短期看,房价对地价存在着较为显著的影响,从中长期看,房价与地价各自由自身的供求关系决定,互相之间没有显著的因果关系。     

The challenge for the UK housing industry in the 1980s and the planning system

The paper provides a review of the factors which have shaped the housing industry in the UK over the past 30 years. It describes the market for new houses, the housebuilders response, the injuence of the costs of housebuilding on thefinancial structure offirms and the development of design standards. The implications of these factors are related to the major problem of redeveloping inner cities. This in turn identifies the need for a radically new approach to planning. A new planning system is proposed in which the role ofcentral government and the districts is modified and the counties are replaced by regional planning commissions with wider responsibilities.     

我国经济适用房对房价影响深度的实证研究

首先对我国目前经济适用房的研究现状进行了分析,然后通过计量经济学的回归模型,对2005年-2008年间的＂经济适用房资金投入指数＂和＂房地产价格指数＂的相关数据进行了实证分析,得出经济适用房对房价影响甚微的结论,在此基础上结合现状提出政策建议。     

控制户型面积 发展新型建筑--对小户型价值的重新审视

分析了现代建筑中“小户型”存在的经济根源和社会根源，介绍了“小户型”的内涵和优势，从“小户型”符合我国社会的发展特点和城市可持续发展的要求两方面，提出“小户型”存在的重要意义。     

Exposure to microbial components and allergens in population studies: a comparison of two house dust collection methods applied by participants and fieldworkers

Dust collection by study participants instead of fieldworkers would be a practical and cost-effective alternative in large-scale population studies estimating exposure to indoor allergens and microbial agents. We aimed to compare dust weights and biological agent levels in house dust samples taken by study participants with nylon socks, with those in samples taken by fieldworkers using the sampling nozzle of the Allergology Laboratory Copenhagen (ALK). In homes of 216 children, parents and fieldworkers collected house dust within the same year. Dust samples were analyzed for levels of allergens, endotoxin, (1-->3)-beta-D-glucans and fungal extracellular polysaccharides (EPS). Socks appeared to yield less dust from mattresses at relatively low dust amounts and more dust at high dust amounts than ALK samples. Correlations between the methods ranged from 0.47-0.64 for microbial agents and 0.64-0.87 for mite and pet allergens. Cat allergen levels were two-fold lower and endotoxin levels three-fold higher in socks than in ALK samples. Levels of allergens and microbial agents in sock samples taken by study participants are moderately to highly correlated to levels in ALK samples taken by fieldworkers. Absolute levels may differ, probably because of differences in the method rather than in the person who performed the sampling. Practical Implications Dust collection by participants is a reliable and practical option for allergen and microbial agent exposure assessment. Absolute levels of biological agents are not (always) comparable between studies using different dust collection methods, even when expressed per gram dust, because of potential differences in particle-size constitution of the collected dust.     

钢结构低层独立住宅的应用与发展

总结了钢结构低层独立住宅的结构体系类型和特征，介绍了钢结构低层独立住宅在国内外的应用与发展情况，指出钢结构体系是我国经济发展的必然趋势，其应用范围将越来越广泛。     

Determinants,reproducibility, and seasonal variation of ergosterol levels in house dust

This study aimed to clarify the determinants that affect the concentrations of ergosterol and viable fungi in house dust and to examine the seasonal variation and reproducibility of ergosterol concentrations indoors. In studying the determinants, dust samples from living room floors and vacuum cleaner dust bags were collected from 107 farming and 105 non‐farming homes. Ergosterol levels were determined with gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry, and the dust bag dust was cultivated for enumeration of fungal genera. Lifestyle and environmental factors, for example using of the fireplace, and visible mold observations in homes, explained 20–26% of the variation of fungal concentrations. For the reproducibility study, samples were collected from five urban homes in four different seasons. The reproducibility of ergosterol determinations within a sample was excellent (ICC = 89.8) for floor dust and moderate (ICC = 63.8) for dust bag dust, but poor when sampling the same home throughout a year (ICC = 31.3 and 12.6, respectively) due to large temporal variation in ergosterol concentrations. In conclusion, environmental characteristics only partially predicted the variation of fungal concentrations. Based on these studies, we recommend repeated sampling of dust over time if one seeks to adequately describe overall fungal levels and exposure in a home.     

Housing design in relation to environmental comfort — a comparison of the traditional Malay house and modern housing

The changing needs of the Malaysian population mean that there is an urgent necessity for designers to acquire a better understanding of the relationships between climate, building and man. Dr Hanafi outlines some of the choices with diagramatic sketches and makes comparisons between traditional and new forms of construction.     

走向康居--昆明城市花园住宅的演变与探索

结合当代城市居民生活方式和住宅开发模式,探索城市花园住宅成为实现康居的现实道路之一。在简要介绍了建国来昆明对花园住宅的探索后当代昆明城市花园住宅进行了研究,并对城市花园住宅的发展提出借鉴和思考。     

Assessing allergenic fungi in house dust by floor wipe sampling and quantitative PCR

Abstract In the present study, we modified an existing surface wipe sampling method for lead and other heavy metals to create a protocol to collect fungi in floor dust followed by real‐time quantitative PCR (qPCR)‐based detection. We desired minimal inconvenience for participants in residential indoor environmental quality and health studies. Accuracy, precision, and method detection limits (MDLs) were investigated. Overall, MDLs ranged from 0.6 to 25 cell/cm² on sampled floors. Overall measurement precisions expressed as the coefficient of variation because of sample processing and qPCR ranged 6–63%. Median and maximum fungal concentrations in house dust in study homes in Visalia, Tulare County, California, were 110 and 2500 cell/cm², respectively, with universal fungal primers (allergenic and nonallergenic species). The field study indicated samplings in multiple seasons were necessary to characterize representative whole‐year fungal concentrations in residential microenvironments. This was because significant temporal variations were observed within study homes. Combined field and laboratory results suggested this modified new wipe sampling method, in conjunction with growth‐independent qPCR, shows potential to improve human exposure and health studies for fungal pathogens and allergens in dust in homes of susceptible, vulnerable population subgroups.

Practical Implications

Fungi are ubiquitous in indoor and outdoor environments, and many fungi are known to cause allergic reactions and exacerbate asthma attacks. This study established—by modifying an existing—a wipe sampling method to collect fungi in floor dust followed by real‐time quantitative PCR (qPCR)‐based detection methodologies. Results from this combined laboratory and field assessment suggested the methodology’s potential to inform larger human exposure studies for fungal pathogens and allergens in house dust as well as epidemiologic studies of children with asthma and older adults with chronic respiratory diseases.