微波辐射对脱水城市污泥穿透性和脱水性的影响

研究了频率2450 MHz、功率500 W的微波在脱水城市污泥中的穿透性及辐射过程中污泥脱水性的变化. 结果表明,微波的穿透深度为8.7 mm,适宜的辐射可显著提高污泥的脱水性. 微波辐射5 min,上层容器中污泥离心后含水率由80.61%降至75.09%. 当温度高于约60℃时,污泥中微生物细胞开始大量破碎,胞内水释出,离心后含水率随温度升高而降低;高于88℃时,胞外聚合物含量无明显增加而亲水性下降,污泥脱水性迅速改善.     

Ozone as a Pretreatment Method for Antibiotic Contaminated Wastewater and Sludge

ABSTRACT

The capability of ozone to reduce the hazardous impact of environmentally persistent antibiotic tiamulin in term of toxicity reduction and enhancement of biodegradability was investigated. Different ozone doses were applied but ozonation was not effective enough to increase the biodegradability of tiamulin in the aqueous phase. The opposite effect was observed in anaerobic digestion experiments, where ozonation as a pretreatment step of antibiotic-contaminated sludge detoxify tiamulin and improves biogas production for 75%. As confirmed by ¹H NMR and HPLC-HRMS analyses, the tiamulin molecule completely reacts with ozone at low ozone/COD molar ratio of 0.03, primarily attacking the vinyl double bond with further oxidation of sulfur and nitrogen atom, and gradual decomposition of tiamulin skeleton.     

预酸化度对柠檬酸废水厌氧处理的影响

以柠檬酸废水为研究对象,研究了预酸化度对上旋流厌氧反应器处理性能的影响。研究结果表明,预酸化度对上旋流厌氧反应器系统的COD去除率、出水VFA、污泥增长量、产气量有明显的影响。随着预酸化度的提高,可以提高厌氧系统的COD去除率,降低出水VFA,增加沼气产量,但降低了颗粒污泥增长的速度。在实际工程应用中,控制预酸化度在20%~30%可以保持厌氧系统稳定高效的COD去除效果,同时保证颗粒污泥的快速增长。     

不同污泥对印染废水中残余染料的吸附特性

研究了四种不同污泥(活性污泥、厌氧污泥、干活性污泥、干厌氧污泥)对染料阳离子嫩黄X-4GL的吸附,并考察了胞外聚合物(EPS)在此过程中所起的作用.结果表明四种污泥对阳离子嫩黄的吸附在90min内基本达到平衡,干活性污泥的吸附性能最好,干厌氧污泥的吸附性能最差,污泥浓度为250 mg/L时,其吸附量分别为133和50 ...     

国内柠檬酸废水处理方法研究进展

中国是世界上最大的柠檬酸生产和出口国,但柠檬酸生产工艺的固有特点使其生产过程中产生大量高浓度废水,对环境造成严重污染。文章对我国柠檬酸废水处理的方法进行了综述,着重介绍了近几年发展起来的几种柠檬酸废水处理的方法如厌氧生物法、好氧生物法、厌氧-好氧组合法、厌氧-兼氧-好氧组合法、光合细菌法、乳状液膜法、微波辐射二氧化锰处理法、Fenton试剂法等,对不同处理方法的原理和工艺流程做了比较。     

IC反应器处理柠檬酸废水改造工程的工艺设计

本工艺设计新增一套厌氧内循环反应器作为柠檬酸废水的一级厌氧处理,利用原有的EGSB为二级厌氧处理,再经好氧池处理,出水达到排放要求后排入园区污水厂。收集IC反应器和EGSB反应器产生的沼气并进行生物脱硫,处理后进行锅炉燃烧。     

复配絮凝法脱除柠檬酸废水中的铝

以聚合氯化铝和聚丙烯酰胺为原料,复配絮凝工业含铝的柠檬酸废水,考察了不同废水pH,复配絮凝剂投加量、有机无机絮凝剂投加比不同的情况下铝元素的去除率。研究结果表明,在pH在7左右、投加量为30mL、聚铝：聚丙烯酰胺的比为1：4、静置时间为2h、混合搅拌速率为50r／min的条件下,复配絮凝剂对废水中铝的去除率可达94％以上。     

Operational Conditions of Activated Sludge: Influence on Flocculation and Dewaterability

Selected operational conditions of activated sludge are investigated in relation to their effect on flocculation and dewatering. Semi-continuous reactors with 2 -L volume were operated at different mean cell residence times, C/N ratios, and three different influent cations. Results show that MCRT, C/N ratio, and the cation type affect the bioflocculation capacity of activated sludge measured by the quantity of extracellular polymeric substances. As the MCRT value operated in the reactors and the C/N ratio of the influent wastewater increase, total amount of polymers produced increases. High MCRT values and low C/N values cause good dewatering of the sludge. All cations are shown to stimulate the EPS production in a way that the highest total EPS concentrations are observed at the highest cation dosages. The dewaterability of the sludges improves only with increasing calcium and magnesium concentrations and deteriorates with increasing potassium concentration.     

Operational Conditions of Activated Sludge: Influence on Flocculation and Dewaterability

Selected operational conditions of activated sludge are investigated in relation to their effect on flocculation and dewatering. Semi-continuous reactors with 2 -L volume were operated at different mean cell residence times, C/N ratios, and three different influent cations. Results show that MCRT, C/N ratio, and the cation type affect the bioflocculation capacity of activated sludge measured by the quantity of extracellular polymeric substances. As the MCRT value operated in the reactors and the C/N ratio of the influent wastewater increase, total amount of polymers produced increases. High MCRT values and low C/N values cause good dewatering of the sludge. All cations are shown to stimulate the EPS production in a way that the highest total EPS concentrations are observed at the highest cation dosages. The dewaterability of the sludges improves only with increasing calcium and magnesium concentrations and deteriorates with increasing potassium concentration.     

Enhancement of biological fermented sludge dewaterability by inoculation of filamentous fungi Mucor circinelloides XY-Z and Penicillium oxalicum LY-1

Abstract

The two filamentous fungi of Mucor circinelloides XY-Z and Penicillium oxalicum LY-1 isolated from citric acid wastewater sludge collectively enhanced sludge dewaterability by 85.83% to achieve the lowest value of normalized sludge specific resistance (SRF) to 6.8?×?10¹¹ m·L/kg·g-TSS. The results showed that 75.77% of slime extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), 42.99% of protein in slime EPS and 60.27% of polysaccharide in LB-EPS were degraded during activated sludge treatment by the two mixed fungi of Mucor circinelloides XY-Z and Penicillium oxalicum LY-1, contributing to the conversion of 64.61% of bound water wrapped in EPS into free water, thereby improving activated sludge dewaterability.     

炼油厂酸性废水及碱渣综合处理技术的改进

该公司以低硫含量的大庆原油为原料,DCC-Ⅱ型催化裂解酸性废水汽提工艺所产H2S量不足以维持制硫磺装置,而焚烧后排放大气的SO2又超标。用西安湘德环保科技有限公司酸性水脱硫专利技术,处理后的净化水pH=9~10,硫化物质量浓度<60mg/L,但氨氮浓度>600mg/L。将该工艺由先脱氨后脱硫改造为先脱硫后脱氨后,氨氮质量浓度降到30~80mg/L,其余指标合格不变。     

Effects of Acidification on Dewaterability and Aluminum Concentration of Alum Sludge

This study utilizes the Terzaghi-Voigt model to characterize the effects of acidification on the dewaterability of alum sludge. Alum sludge, which was obtained from the sedimentation basins of a water treatment plant using poly aluminum chloride as coagulant, was acidified to different pH levels with sulfuric acid. The dewaterability of the acidified sludge was characterized by expression tests. The results show dewaterability enhancement was insignificant until pH was below 4. Further improvement in dewaterability can be achieved by polymer conditioning. The Terzaghi-Voigt model can be applied to explain the difference in dewaterability between acidified and original sludges. Results also show dissolved aluminum concentrations were controlled by minerals in the influent rather than amorphous aluminum hydroxide.     

O3和Fenton试剂化学氧化处理酸性玫瑰红印染废水

针对酸性玫瑰红印染废水的高色度、难以生物降解的特点,采用O3和Fenton试剂进行氧化处理,通过实验确定了最佳运行参数。研究表明:在最佳运行参数下,O3处理废水的色度去除率大于99％,CODcr的去除率30％; Fenton试剂处理色度去除率大于99％,CODcr去除率47％。两种化学氧化处理都可以大大提高模拟废水的可生化性。     

柠檬酸催化合成阿司匹林

以水杨酸和乙酸酐为原料,柠檬酸为催化剂合成阿司匹林,探讨了酸酐物质的量比、催化剂用量和反应时间、反应温度对产品收率的影响。研究结果表明,当酸酐物质的量比为1∶3,柠檬酸用量为1.0 g,反应时间为40 min,反应温度为70℃,纯化后阿司匹林收率达91.0%。     

脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚与柠檬酸的酯化及其产物性能

将脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚和柠檬酸进行部分酯化反应,生成脂肪醇聚氧乙烯柠檬酸酯,再中和成钠盐.该产物温和无刺激性,可用作面部洗涤品的主要成分,特别适于卸除眼妆.     

污泥活性炭在废水处理中的应用

城市污水处理厂在处理污水的过程中会产生大量的污泥,以污泥为原料制备污泥活性炭为污泥的处置问题提供了一种新型途径.文章系统综述了污泥活性炭在废水处理中的原理及其在各种废水中的应用,并且认为污泥活性炭为我国城市污水厂的可持续发展了提供一条新的途径.     

用乙二醛改善柠檬酸防皱效果的探讨

介绍了柠檬酸用无甲醛防皱整理的研究现状、机理、以及存在的问题,并对如何解决问题进行了探讨研究.     

颗粒污泥处理高负荷有机含油废水的形成过程及特性探究

在序批式反应器(SBR)内接种絮状物质,以实际高负荷含油废水为探究对象,在中温条件下考察了进水有机负荷(OLR)对颗粒污泥形成的影响,分析了OLR对颗粒污泥粒径、生物量、微生物活性、胞外聚合物(EPS)组成的演化规律,探究了OLR影响颗粒污泥对化学需氧量(COD)与溶解性油类的去除特性.结果表明,当进水OLR由0.5 ...     

臭氧催化氧化法处理煤化工废水研究

为解决臭氧氧化处理煤化工废水现阶段所存在的臭氧利用率不高,并进一步处理煤化工废水中的难降解有机物.论文采用臭氧催化氧化法对煤化工调节池废水进行深度处理,研究了温度、pH、臭氧投加量、反应时间、催化剂投加量等因素对COD和色度去除效率的影响.通过单因素实验分析,得到其最佳工况条件为臭氧投加量为4g/h,废水pH=9,水温...     

柠檬酸复合掺杂剂制备聚苯胺及其性能

该文以十二烷基苯磺酸与柠檬酸复合掺杂剂制备聚苯胺,对聚苯胺的电导率、溶解性、电致变色性能进行了研究,采用循环伏安法、红外光谱、热重对聚苯胺进行了表征,结果表明,柠檬酸与十二烷基苯磺酸摩尔比为1∶1时,聚苯胺的电导率最大,可达6.67 S/cm;二者摩尔比为0.25∶1时,聚苯胺在二甲苯中的溶解度为1.475 8 g,在1.5 V电压下变色均匀,响应时间短,可实现黄—黄绿—绿—蓝—深蓝范围内的可逆变色。