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1.
采用汞压入法测量纸张微孔分布和孔隙率   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
介绍了利用汞压入法测量纸张微孔分布和孔隙率的原理;并采用该方法对铜版原纸、铜版纸及过滤纸的孔径分布和孔隙率进行了分析。结果表明,利用该方法可以精确地分析涂布纸涂层结构,过滤纸板内部阶梯孔径分布等。  相似文献   

2.
在帐篷外给帐篷"穿衣"可以调节帐篷内的热环境,以改善人在帐篷内的居住环境。经过测试多种织物的透气量、孔隙率、孔径大小,确定出在相关参数上具有同等梯度差的篷网织物;采用对比试验法研究篷网透气量和孔径分布两个参数对帐篷内温度变化的影响,以确定降温性能、保温性能优良的篷网织物所具有的结构参数。  相似文献   

3.
针对目前网格圈织物的孔隙测试相对困难的问题,本文采用图像处理方法对其孔隙及孔隙率的检测进行研究。首先对扫描所得的网格圈织物图像采用阈值分割方法将其转换成二值图像,对该二值图像可利用投影法判断经纬纱直径,计算得到理论孔隙率;然后对二值图像中纱线主体部分的干扰区域进行剔除,图像取反;最后通过面积滤波后提取孔隙数量、孔隙面积大小、孔隙分布以及计算实际孔隙率等指标,并且对面积过小的孔隙进行位置标定。实验结果表明,用图像处理方法对网格圈织物进行检测,能够客观反映网格圈织物的孔隙率和孔隙分布的均匀性,且实际孔隙率远低于理论孔隙率。  相似文献   

4.
为探究超细纤维非织造材料孔径的可预测性,通过水刺原纤化技术制备了聚酯(PET)/聚酰胺6(PA6)双组分中空橘瓣型超细纤维非织造材料,在纤维几何形态和材料结构特征研究的基础上构建了孔径预测模型,并对孔径大小与开纤率、纤维线密度的关系进行了理论预测。结果表明:双组分纤维在水刺作用下开裂成超细纤维,且纤维在水平方向相互纠缠排列;受水刺原纤化工艺影响的开纤率是影响孔径分布的主要因素;孔径预测模型的理论值与实验值的对比结果表明孔径预测模型可以用来预测PET/PA6 双组分中空橘瓣型超细纤维非织造材料的孔径分布。  相似文献   

5.
徐梅  左保齐 《丝绸》2008,(3):16-18,39
采用碳酸钠溶液对蓖麻蚕丝纤维脱胶,将脱胶后的蓖麻蚕丝素溶解于一定浓度的硫氰酸锂溶液中,透析成膜.然后将丝素膜溶解于六氟异丙醇,利用静电纺丝法制得再生蓖麻蚕丝素蛋白非织造网.通过扫描电镜观察非织造网的形态结构,红外光谱、X-射线衍射、热分析(DTA/TG)分析纤维的聚集态结构变化.研究结果表明,再生蓖麻蚕丝素蛋白非织造网纤维直径大约在几微米,与天然丝素相比其聚集态结构有较大变化.  相似文献   

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Microstructural properties play a key role to affect oil uptake and product quality during frying of foods. The objective of this study was to observe the complex microstructural changes and mass transfer mechanisms in potato disks during frying. The potato disks of 1.65 mm thickness were fried at 190 °C for 0, 20, 40, 60, and 80 s. X‐ray micro‐computed tomography (CT) was used for 3‐dimensional (3D) imaging of microstructure of porous potato disks. Total porosity, pore size distribution, oil content, and air content of potato disks were calculated from resulting 3D data sets. Oil and air content measured by analysis of micro‐CT images followed trends similar to Soxtec and gas pycnometry methods, respectively. Image analysis showed a significant change in pore size distribution as a function of frying time. Frying time was also observed to have an effect on tortuosity, which is an important microstructural fluid transport property. Tortuosity was measured by path length ratio method from 3D data sets obtained from image analysis. A linear inverse relationship was observed between porosity and tortuosity where tortuosity decreased with the increase of porosity. It was also observed that during frying, oil content increased with the decrease of tortuosity. This phenomenon indicated that the lower tortuosity created a less complicated and sinuous path, thus resulting in less resistance to oil penetration. Micro‐CT technique can serve as an effective tool for elucidating microstructure of fried foods, and can provide complementary information to conventional lab techniques.  相似文献   

8.
应用热力学关系,在Nicholson导出方程的基础上,假定间隙孔为两端开口的圆筒型,推导出从多孔固体在液氮温度吸附氮的等温线脱附分支计算其间隙孔径及吸附层液膜厚度的方程,并对用不同方法(经典法、BB法和本文方法)计算的结果进行了比较.  相似文献   

9.
金关秀  祝成炎 《纺织学报》2022,43(12):75-81
为探究非织造布复合前后孔隙尺寸的变化规律,以纤维根数、纤维平均直径、纤维直径变异系数为变量生成数字图像(复合单元)对非织造纤维网进行模拟,并采用将2个复合单元叠加的手法来模拟复合后的非织造纤维网。用2个复合单元的孔径差异百分比(Er)和孔径变异系数的平均值(MV)表征复合前孔隙尺寸;孔径复合指数(IP) 和孔径变异系数复合指数(IV)用于表征复合后孔隙尺寸。结果显示非织造布复合前后的孔隙尺寸呈复杂的非线性关系。将ErMV作为支持向量机模型的输入分别对IPIV进行预测,其绝对百分比误差分别为1.84%和1.92%,误差很小。验证实验的结果进一步印证支持向量机模型具有很高的预测准确度。  相似文献   

10.
本文主要介绍非织造材料的孔径与渗透率及其相互关系的理论研究。文章比较了各种孔径测试方法 ,讨论了非织造材料孔径分布的最可能规律 ,以及单层和复合的非织造材料中孔径和渗透率之间的关系  相似文献   

11.
[目的]为综合对比评价等离子打孔和静电打孔接装纸的特性及其对卷烟物理指标和常规烟气成分释放量的影响.[方法]采用两种打孔方式不同透气度和不同孔带宽度的接装纸进行电镜扫描和卷烟试验.[结果](1)试验条件下,静电打孔接装纸比等离子打孔接装纸的孔密度更高、孔径更小.(2)在相同孔带宽度和接装纸透气度下,静电打孔和等离子打孔...  相似文献   

12.
3800mm纸机施胶压榨引纸绳系统改造   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
刘新华 《中国造纸》2003,22(8):38-39
介绍了3800mm纸机施胶压榨引纸绳系统的技术改造情况。生产实践表明,改造后引纸绳使用寿命大大提高,从而为纸机正常生产,提高产量和经济效益创造了有利条件。  相似文献   

13.
该文介绍了用AFM观测颜料涂布纸涂层Z向结构的方法。颜料主要是粒径大小和分布范围不同的PCC和kaolin。对于kaolin颜料,粒径大小与涂层孔隙的大小一致。粒径分布范围与孔隙体积成反比。PCC颜料可以在涂层中产生更多的细小孔隙。  相似文献   

14.
糯米粉的等温解吸特性一方面对分析其与周围环境之间的水分传递十分必要,另一方面,还可用于计算糯米粉内孔的特性,借此加深对水分吸附机理的了解。本实验采用静态称质量法在10、20、30℃条件下测定糯米粉在10个水分活度解吸后的平衡水分含量,然后采用4个等温吸附模型对实验结果进行拟合,并分析糯米粉的孔特性。研究结果表明:糯米粉中水分的解吸属于典型的Ⅱ型吸附;Lewicki模型最能描述同一温度条件下的等温解吸过程,而GDW模型能够同时描述温度和水分活度对平衡水分含量的影响。糯米粉中同时存在微孔和介孔;孔径分布为单态分布,仅在微孔区域出现一单峰,温度变化仅对该峰的峰值产生影响;微孔体积随温度降低而增大;糯米粉的吸附面具有分形特性,随温度降低吸附表面的多孔性增强,单位吸附面积增大,最终导致吸附能力增强。  相似文献   

15.
喷气织机单圆孔辅助喷嘴结构优化   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
为进一步降低喷气织机能耗,设计了3种不同孔径的辅助喷嘴,运用流体动力学分析模块对辅助喷嘴引纬流场进行仿真模拟,得到不同孔径下辅助喷嘴出口射流中心线的速度分布曲线。采用自主设计的实验平台获取射流中心线的速度分布,并与模拟的速度结果进行比较。对比结果证明,采用仿真模拟分析辅喷流场的准确性,可为优化辅助喷嘴结构参数,降低织机能耗提供理论参考。结果表明:供气压力为0.3 MPa时,直径为1.1 mm的辅助喷嘴能耗比直径为1.5 mm的辅助喷嘴降低了约25%。  相似文献   

16.
非织造材料孔径与过滤性能关系的研究   总被引:4,自引:2,他引:2  
对熔喷和针刺非织造过滤材料的孔径、透气性和过滤性能进行了测试,证明孔径的大小及分布对过滤性能有重要影响。熔喷非织造过滤材料与针刺非织造过滤材料相比较,前者有较高的过滤效率和较大的过滤阻力。  相似文献   

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Aromatic reservation is one of the key evaluation index of textiles which be finished with fragrant micro-/nanocapsules, and some researches discover that when the fragrant micro-/nanocapsules penetrating into the spacing of textiles, the resulting aromatic textiles own much better carrying capability of micro-/nanocapsules. Based on these phenomena, hence in our research, the matching up between pore sizes of cotton textile and sizes of fragrant micro-/nanocapsules is investigated systematically in order to reveal the size effect on the durability of fragrant micro-/nanocapsules in cotton textile. Firstly, the pore sizes of cotton textile are analyzed by three different techniques: 3D X-ray microscopy (Micro-CT), nitrogen adsorption/desorption method (BET), and mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) technique. Based on the pore sizes obtained from MIP technique, citronella oil/chitosan micro-/nanocapsules with three corresponding sizes are prepared and then applied on cotton textiles through vacuum impregnation process. The pore sizes of cotton textile measured by MIP technique decrease from before finishing to after finishing with nanocapsules, which states that nanocapsules are entrapped inside the pores of cotton textile. Finally, the washing durability of aromatic cotton textile is evaluated by headspace–solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) technique combining with GC-MS which can keep the fragrant micro-/nanocapsules unbroken to simulate the “real” sniffing environment. The results show that aromatic cotton textile treated with nanocapsules possesses much better washing durability, which is met up with the results of pore size measurements: More nanocapsules are penetrating into the spacing of cotton textile fibers even the pores in fibers.  相似文献   

19.
非织造布是一类具有三维网络结构的多微孔材料,微孔结构形态是非织造布的一项重要性能指标,与过滤效率密切相关。测试了水刺非织造布的孔径、孔径分布以及过滤效率和阻力,研究了不同气体流量和不同试样层数(厚度)时试样的过滤效率和阻力的变化趋势。结果表明:非织造布可以过滤粒径比其孔径小很多的颗粒,过滤性能优良;在增加非织造布层数时,可以通过降低流量的方法达到既提高过滤效率,又降低过滤阻力的目的;在非织造布层数相同的条件下,采用更小直径的纤维制造非织造布,可以在不增加阻力的情况下大大提高过滤效率。  相似文献   

20.
    
In this paper, spunbond, meltblown and spunbond–meltblown–spunbond (SMS) nonwovens made from polypropylene are analysed for liquid transport behaviour. The thickness, grams per square metre (GSM), porosity, fibre diameter, fibre orientation distribution and water contact angles of these nonwovens are measured. Vertical wicking with decane using tensiometry and water absorbency and spreading using gravimetric absorbency tester are reported. The equivalent pore radii of the nonwovens are deduced from the vertical sorption experiments using tensiometry. The sorption rate under vertical wicking and water spreading rates are faster along machine direction compared with that in cross‐direction due to preferential fibre orientation. The thickness of the nonwoven, fibre diameter and porosity play a vital role in transporting liquid. Thin nonwovens have poor vertical wicking and spreading rate. SMS web has poor absorbency behaviour mainly due to the inability of its top S‐layer to pull the liquid from the middle M‐layer. The measured water spreading lengths with respect to time are compared to the theoretical ones using a model developed by earlier researchers. This model reasonably predicts the spreading behaviour of nonwovens.  相似文献   

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