一种结合部法向刚度的预估方法

提出一种结合部法向刚度的预估方法.通过表面形貌测量仪获取粗糙表面的轮廓数据,拟合生成粗糙表面轮廓曲线,在此基础上建立考虑摩擦的二维粗糙表面的有限元弹塑性接触模型,用罚函数法计算压力在0～0.8 MPa的加载过程中接触层的应力、位移和接触面积.计算结果表明,粗糙表面真实的接触面积在低载荷下快速增大,高载荷下的增大速度很缓...     

一种螺栓结合部刚度四点等效方法

螺栓结合部是机床结构中应用最普遍的固定结合部之一,直接影响着机床整机性能。应用有限元软件分析机床整机结构性能时,为了保证计算精度,需要精细划分螺栓结合部网格,导致计算规模大、耗时,因此探索简单有效的机床螺栓结合部有限元模型的处理方法具有重要意义。基于实验获取结合面基础特性参数,通过解析方法得到螺栓结合部中每个单元螺栓结合部的六项刚度,然后基于刚度等效原则将每个单元螺栓结合部等效成对称分布的四个弹簧单元,给出了等效弹簧刚度及位置的计算方法,在机床整机结构有限元分析时,以等效弹簧单元代替单元螺栓结合部,直接将其等效刚度代入有限元模型求解,可大大简化有限元计算模型。实验验证该等效方法是可行的。     

导轨滑块结合部的非线性刚度等效建模研究

基于弹性力学及其赫兹接触理论,以导轨滑块结合部为研究对象,在分析计算预紧情况下结合部刚度特性的基础上分别采用含滚珠的结合部有限元模型与非线性等效弹簧有限元模型仿真计算.分析结果表明:采用含滚珠的结合部有限元模型分析得到的刚度特性曲线与理论计算非常吻合;采用非线性等效弹簧有限元模型得到的刚度特性曲线与含滚珠结合部模型计算结果的最大误差约为8％,且应力云图分布也基本吻合,从而验证了该非线性等效弹簧简化模型的可行性与有效性.     

螺栓结合部切向刚度计算模型建立及分析

对于栓接结合部来说,当前的研究主要集中在栓接结合部整体法向刚度的研究。由于栓接结合部的切向刚度对整机静态特性也起着至关重要的作用,因此,要实现对栓接结合部静态特性的全面解析,还需提出一种计算栓接结合部切向刚度的方法。以栓接结合部法向刚度求解模型为基础,提出一种计算栓接结合部切向刚度的解析模型。最后分别通过解析计算及有限单元法对具体实例进行计算,结果表明:计算模型获得的栓接结合部的整体位移值等于8.3917e-4m,而有限元计算的结果为3.19e-4m,两者存在一定的偏差,主要原因在于有限元分析中考虑了摩擦力的影响。而在考虑摩擦力影响的情况下,数学模型计算出的总位移数值为3.104e-4m,与有限元的计算结果误差较小,故可证明所提数学模型的可行性。内容为机械系统中螺栓结合部综合刚度的求解奠定了一定的理论基础。     

考虑层间摩擦的多层波纹管轴向刚度非线性有限元分析

利用ANSYS程序接触有限元方法对4层U型波纹管轴向刚度的线性和非线性特性进行了研究。首先建立了轴对称弹性单元（solid element）与接触单元组合的有限元模型，然后计算得到了该多层波纹管的刚度特性，尤其是在压缩时的非线性刚度，并且讨论了不同层间接触摩擦状态的影响，分析说明了多层间接触摩擦使波纹管轴向刚度具有非线性特征的机理。     

机床导轨结合部的有限元模型

基于结合面特性参数，提出了机床导轨结合部特性仿真分析的有限元方法，通过该方法可以建立机床整机性能分析的有限元模型。给出了导轨结合部上反映界面连接特性的六结点接触单元的刚度矩阵，并将其与通过实验获得的结合面特性参数联系起来，通过实例建立了机床整机分析模型。整机刚度的实验结果与计算结果的比较，证实了该方法的有效性。     

基于多因素耦合作用的栓接结合部 接触刚度优化研究

基于分形接触理论,建立栓接结合部接触总刚度模型,通过联合改进粒子群优化算法,提出了一种联合多款软件进行优化的多因素优化方法。该方法研究了栓接结合部接触刚度受多因素共同作用的影响。为了验证优化方法,建立栓接模型,对影响栓接结合部接触总刚度的参数,即螺栓预紧力、螺栓间距和板件厚度3种参数进行优化。经过1 000次迭代,栓接结合部接触总刚度值提升了11.04%,验证了优化方法的有效性。     

带滚珠丝杠副的直线导轨结合部动态刚度特性

借助弹性力学中的赫兹接触理论,分析计算直线滚动导轨的线刚度、滚珠丝杠副和角接触球轴承的轴向刚度,建立带滚珠丝杠副的机床直线导轨结合部的动力学特性理论模型,开发了计算软件;以一款立式加工中心为研究对象,分析计算带滚珠丝杠副直线导轨结合部动态刚度,着重讨论工作载荷对结合部动态刚度的影响规律,基于有限元法分析含结合部动态参数的加工中心整机动态特性。研究结果不仅突破了目前机床直线导轨结合部刚度模型不考虑滚珠丝杠副之缺陷,而且与传统的参数识别法和有限元法相比,具有物理概念清晰、计算过程简单等特点。     

基于能量分布的机床整机动态特性优化方法

基于机床结构中的能量分布,在准确建立立式加工中心整机有限元模型的基础上提出一种整机动态性能优化方法。采用弹簧阻尼系统等效结合部的接触特性,基于辨识的结合部等效刚度和阻尼值在Ansys中建立了立式加工中心整机有限元模型,对整机进行模态分析和谐响应分析。通过整机模态试验验证了该有限元模型的准确性,并根据有限元分析与试验结果确定整机的薄弱模态。计算薄弱模态下整机、结合部的弹性能以及结合部在整机中的弹性能分布率,以分布率较高的结合部作为薄弱结合部。基于薄弱结合部的等效接触刚度提出优化方案,优化后薄弱结合部的弹性能分布率明显降低,主轴轴端的动态响应幅值降低,从而使整机动态性能得到改善,验证了该优化方法的可行性。     

机械结合部单元静态变形分析研究

整机是由许多通过结合部连接的构件组成的整体,而螺栓结合部是机床设计中的主要问题之一。螺栓结合部的结合状态比较复杂,研究过程和方法也相对复杂。结合面的研究首先从结合面的静态特性开始。该文首先简要介绍了影响结合部静态特性的主要因素及接触理论,并通过非线性接触表面层理论对螺栓结合部的接触变形进行了解析计算,为整机结合部的静态特性分析提供了边界条件。     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.     

Application of Feature Extraction through Convolution Neural Networks and SVM Classifier for Robust Grading of Apples

This paper proposes a novel grading method of apples,in an automated grading device that uses convolutional neural networks to extract the size,color,texture,an...     

分布动态载荷识别的抗噪处理

针对正交多项式频域法在用多种响应对矩形薄板进行载荷识别中抗噪性较差的问题,综合运用平均法、矩阵预处理和奇异值截断法等方法对之进行改善,并引入空间映射的思想,将该方法的应用范围拓展为复杂的模型.利用仿真算例,证实了该方法具有较好的抗噪性.     

Short-Term Relay Quality Prediction Algorithm Based on Long and Short-Term Memory

The fraction defective of semi-finished products is predicted to optimize the process of relay production lines, by which production quality and productivity ar...     

End-to-End Multiview Gesture Recognition for Autonomous Car Parking System

The use of hand gestures can be the most intuitive human-machine interaction medium.The early approaches for hand gesture recognition used device-based methods....     

基于MELTAC-N平台的核电厂安全级DCS环网研究与测试

针对工程实践中环网通讯相关问题的处理缺乏理论基础及国产化安全级DCS平台的开发缺乏成熟经验借鉴问题,对基于MELTAC-N平台核电厂安全级DCS环网的软硬件实现进行了研究。提出了安全级DCS环网双环网冗余设计、光切换开关设计等硬件设计方法,以及以RPR协议为基础,采用全数据收发策略的软件设计方法。在CPR1000安全级DCS平台上对安全级DCS环网的可靠性及实时性进行了评价,并进行了容错能力、响应时间及响应时间稳定性测试验证实验。结果表明,基于MELTAC-N平台安全级DCS环网软硬件设计具有较好的容错能力及响应时间稳定性。     

The laboratory simulation of abrasive wear

Abrasive wear has long been recognised as one of the most potentially serious tribological problems facing the operators of many types of plant and machinery; several industrial surveys have indicated that wear by abrasion can be responsible for more than 50% of unscheduled machine and plant stoppages. Locating the operating point of a tribological contact in an appropriate operational ‚map’︁ can provide a useful guide to the likely nature and origins of the surface degradation experienced in use, though care must be exercised in choosing the most suitable parameters for the axes of the plot. Laboratory testing of materials and simulations of machine contacts are carried out for a number of purposes; at one level for the very practical aims of ranking candidate materials or surface hardening treatments in order of their wear resistance, or in an attempt to predict wear lives under field conditions. More fundamentally, tests may be aimed at elucidating the essential physical mechanisms of surface damage and loss, with the longer term aim of building an analytical and predictive model of the wear process itself. In many cases, component surface damage is brought about by the ingress of hard, particulate matter into machine bearing or sealing clearances. These may be running dry although, more usually, a lubricant or service fluid is present at the interface. A number of standardised wear test geometries and procedures have been established for both two- and three-body wear situations, and these are briefly described. Although abrasive wear is often modelled as following an ‚Archard’︁ equation (i.e. a linear increase in material loss with both load and time, and an inverse dependence on specimen hardness) both industrial experience and laboratory tests of particularly lubricated contacts show that this is not always the case: increasing the hardness differential in an abrasively contaminated lubricated pair may not always reduce the rate of damage to the harder surface.     

ANGULAR DISTORTION ALLOWABLE VALUE AND ASSESS METHOD OF WELD ON COKE TOWER

A graph as the new engineering method for estimate the safety of bulging deformation of coke tower is proposed. Through stresses analysis of circumferential weld of coke tower and comparing the stresses produced by pressure with heat stress of steady state, residual stress, bending stress produced by both itself weight and wind loads, it showed that the stresses produced by pressure on the angle distortion are the main factor of equivalent stress of the combined stress. After comparing four kinds of stress controlling conditions, the relation to stress with depth of angular distortion, grade of curvature of angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been inferred. Graph of deformation allowable value of coke tower for different condition by angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been plotted. The five steps for its engineering use have been explained. The lighter the grade of curvature is, the larger of bulge allowance, may be, and the bigger of depth of angular distortion may pose too. For the coke tower with a popular structure of Dg 5 400 mm×28 mm, the result by graph is nearly more than the result of two formulas formed by other research, the error is less than 7.0%. But, the graph can be easily applied to different size of angular distortion.