粤西北地区传统聚落适宜性保护与更新研究

随着社会经济和城市建设的飞速发展,保护传统聚落空间环境特色和适应当代发展的需要成为突出问题。该文结合粤西北地区传统聚落的具体情况,从多个不同角度对粤西北地区传统聚落的现状问题进行探讨分析,提出了对粤西北地区传统聚落的适宜性保护与更新等相关策略,以期为当今研究传统聚落的保护与更新提供一些有价值的参考。     

林业生态保护与天然林保护的具体措施探析

<正>随着社会的进步与发展,人们的环保意识有了较大的提升,对传统的那种以破坏环境为代价而获得的经济发展的做法有了更深的认识。现如今,我国对林业生态保护更加的重视,对天然林的保护也更加的关注,这是我国实施可持续发展战略的重大举措。下文主要围绕林业生态保护与天然林保护的措施进行简要的分析。1重视林业生态保护的主要意义在以往的经济发展中,我国主要采用粗放式的发展模式,是以破坏环境为代价     

对巴渝历史古镇保护的区域性认识

文章从重庆的区域和地理环境入手,讨论“巴”文化的由来、延续和发展,对巴渝地区传统聚居所产生的作用,讨论在巴渝山地、江河环境中传统古镇和建筑形态的一些特征。面对城镇化发展对古镇的保护和文化延续带来的影响,以及今天对古镇保护的客观要求,提出对重庆区域古镇保护工作的一些认识。     

传统集镇保护规划与单体建筑更新实践

在综合分析了汨罗市新市传统集镇现状的基础上,探讨了传统集镇空间环境整合的可能性与可行性,以及新建筑如何植入,其目的在于在传统集镇的保护与更新过程中既留存有历史的记忆,又保持有当代的痕迹。针对保护规划与单体建筑设计过程中一些问题的探讨,以期从中获得有借鉴意义的经验和启示。     

传统建筑保护及其对区域建设发展的意义探索

伴随我国社会的不断发展,对传统建筑的保护也越来越受到社会各界的重视。现阶段处理好城乡建设和传统建筑文化保护之间的关系已经成为社会关注的焦点问题,对传统建筑文化的继承与发展,传统聚居区建筑以及环境的改造更新成为每个人都需要考虑的问题。本文主要针对传统建筑保护与其对区域建设发展的意义展开剖析,旨在再协调二者关系的基础之上,推动我国区域建设更好的发展。     

论历史环境中非物质形态遗产的保护

非物质形态遗产是社会文化具有生命力的组成部分.分析了历史环境中非物质形态遗产保护的对象,阐述了在整体性历史保护观的指导下和文化旅游的发展中,非物质形态遗产保护的意义,从历史文化内涵的显现、历史文化传统的传承、与文化旅游发展的结合等三个方面探讨了历史环境中非物质形态遗产的保护方法.     

历史文化建筑环境的保护问题探索

基于对历史文化的尊重和城市文脉的理解,针对历史文化建筑环境和地段的保护,提出将社会、文化、环境资源与经济资源融合、整合,打造传统与现代有机结合的都市精品,实现区域经济、社会、文化、文明和环境的可持续发展.     

湘西地区传统商业街区的保护与更新探讨

湘西地区传统商业街区作为湘西地区城市风貌的一个重要构成因素．浓缩了本地区历史文化、经济和社会的发展史。了解历史能够帮助每一个时代的人们找到自身的定位，不会在历史的长河中迷失自我。本文主要对湘西地区传统商业街区的保护与更新的模式、原则与意义方面进行了探讨，总结出一些规律，得到一些有益的启示作为今后传统商业街设计的探索性依据。     

对河南地区古村落保护途径的思考

对传统的古村落保护途径进行总结,结合河南地区古村落现状,证明传统的保护途径不能适用于目前河南地区大多数古村落的实际情况,进而探究一种适合于河南地区古村落的保护模式。即以人居环境理论为支撑,通过恢复和重塑古村落人居环境的五大系统,使古村落的人居环境能够重新适应现今社会中人们的生活需求,促使古村落重新被利用,从而实现古村落的可持续发展。     

关于保护历史街区传统社会生活的思考

结合古镇周庄的变化,探讨了历史街区保护中保护传统社会生活的意义,仔细地分析了导致街区社会生活退化的原因,对如何保护历史街区传统社会生活进行了研究,以帮助人们回归对民族文化的再认识。     

From crisis to conservation: a critical review of the intertwined economic and political factors driving built heritage conservation policy in Hong Kong and a possible way forward

This paper provides a deeper understanding of Hong Kong’s built heritage conservation policies as they have been developed during the city’s colonial and post-colonial periods, especially the political and social factors that have prompted and influenced their development and evolution. Initial observations and thoughts are derived from the authors’ extensive conservation involvement with UNESCO and local and overseas governments as well as their experience with some of Hong Kong’s key statutory boards and government committees that deal with built heritage conservation. Through their first-hand experience, coupled with extensive research, the authors argue that conservation policies in Hong Kong have not been created with a local vision, but instead have been catalysed by external factors, in particular, those relating to economics and politics. The paper concludes with a recommendation that Hong Kong should focus on social considerations in reshaping future conservation policy, as articulated in UNESCO’s Historic Urban Landscape approach.     

Local perspectives in conservation politics: the case of the Ría Lagartos Biosphere Reserve, Yucatán, México

Local perspectives are presented on the conflicts and contradictions in the Ría Lagartos Biosphere Reserve, one of 10 priority reserve areas in México that receive financing from the World Bank and other development and conservation institutions. There are four villages into the reserve, whose total population ranges from 800 to 2500 inhabitants. At this reserve, decision-makers and administrators have focused on biological conservation, failing to understand the social and political relations of the local people, which are strongly affected by globalization and modern conservation policy. Modern conservation is a western discourse on nature, is a kind of “licence to conserve”, analogous to an automobile driver's licence. Conservation in Ría Lagartos means prohibition to the local population hence conflicts frequently arise between them and both local and federal authorities. However, there is an urgent need to move forward and recognise the diversity of discourses on nature that give rise to different kinds of knowledge and practices of conservation variously called popular, traditional, indigenous, and folk. This paper discusses the institutionalization of conservation in a natural protected area (biosphere reserve) in the northwest of Yucatán Peninsula. The researcher initially established rapport with the communities of this region more than 10 years ago, working on various ethnographic research projects from then to the present. This long-term relationship has (1) deepened the level of trust, (2) contributed substantially to the background knowledge critical for identifying local factors of importance, and (3) provided information necessary for the proper wording of questions in the local parlance. The research reported here continued to use the same ethnographic approach used in the former research projects, an ethnographic method including participant observation and informal interviews in homes, work places, local stores, and other places normally frequented by the local consultants. The research reported in this article was done from August 1996 to July 1997 in the three communities of the Biosphere Reserve of Ría Lagartos: Río Lagartos, San Felipe and Las Coloradas.     

A participatory approach to conservation in the Calakmul Biosphere Reserve, Campeche, Mexico

Since the advent of integrated conservation and development programs, participatory approaches have been used to engage local people in protected area management and conservation action. While participatory approaches provide local people a role in telling their own story and enable them to contribute to conservation and development processes, it is unclear how much consideration local people's opinions receive within the framework of a participatory process that exists to meet the specific goals and objectives of conservation programs. This paper evaluates the strengths and weaknesses of the participatory approach used in an applied research program conducted in three ejido communities in the Calakmul Biosphere Reserve on the Yucatan Peninsula of Mexico. The research program used community mapping, historical matrices, institutional diagramming, seasonal calendars, semi-structured interviewing and other community-level reflection techniques to assess the complex interrelationships among population growth, migration, tenure regimes, and land-use practices in rural communities bordering the reserve. The program also sought to build local capacity and support for land-use planning and conservation programs. While the paper acknowledges the critical benefits of local participation it also questions the compatibility of this approach with conservation programs administered by conservation organizations as they are currently structured.     

制度变迁视角下的江南古镇保护——以江南六镇为例

借鉴新制度经济学和新经济史学的分析方法,从制度变迁的角度探究转型期条件下中国古镇保护发展演变的内在逻辑。在对江南水乡古镇保护三个主要历史发展阶段进行回顾分析,指出古镇区是一种具有特殊历史文化属性的稀缺性土地资源,在转型期条件下它基本处于基层地方政府的掌控之中,而具有一定利益独立性的地方政府之所以选择古镇保护,是因为保护活动在特定的历史条件下成为一项净收益（率）最高的投资活动。就本质而言,转型期中国古镇保护的发展历程也就是地方政府随着外部社会经济条件的变化;借助古镇区资源不断追逐自身利益最大化的过程。     

Paradox between neoliberal urban redevelopment,heritage conservation,and community needs: Case study of a historic neighbourhood in Tianjin,China

Today, China's inner-city redevelopment has evolved into the neoliberalism phase, which is characterized by market orientation, privatization, commodification, and short-term returns; this phase generally involves massive demolition and eviction, resulting in serious conflicts between land-based economic growth, heritage conservation, and social justice. The local community is susceptible to social, cultural, and economic impacts of redevelopment, as well as heritage conservation activities. Thereby, the perspectives of residents on these two components of the urban development agenda help to re-examine the demolition–conservation controversy from the perspective of social well-being. Based on an in-progress case in Tianjin, this study clarifies the multi-faceted paradox posed by the demolition–conservation dichotomy at the locality level. Further, the study performs an ex-ante investigation on the needs, concerns, and attitudes of the local community and dissects related contradictions with the local government's rationale for redevelopment, which is a prerequisite for facilitating responsive and democratic urban planning.     

寒冷地区民居建筑外表皮节能分析

根据寒冷地区民居建筑的本土特征,指出建筑外表皮是建筑节能的重要组成部分.从本土特征出发,分析了寒冷地区民居建筑外表皮的构造现状,提出外表皮节能设计优化的构造措施,对民居建筑节能改造具有重要现实意义.     

历史环境中的城市设计价值取向思考——基于广州南越王宫署遗址地段的回顾与反思

历史环境具有相当的复杂性。历史环境中的城市设计要适度尊重公共利益、正确认识城市空间的共时性特征、避免一元化更新思路,以维护社会空间结构、延续传统空间活力,逐步走向与地方文化传统结合的整体性保护道路。     

Analysis of landscape performance assessment by key stakeholders in a transfrontier conservation area

Stakeholder engagement has become an important aspect of sustainable natural resources management. This study analysed a landscape performance assessment by local and ‘external’ stakeholders in a transfrontier conservation area in Southern Africa. The landscape was divided into three agro-ecological zones and focus group discussions were facilitated for stakeholders to evaluate the landscape based on four ecoagriculture dimensions (production, conservation, livelihoods and institutions). The conservation dimension showed the best performance and the overall score for the landscape was 2.97, implying a fairly good performance. Perceptions and ratings did not significantly differ by age, gender or stakeholder groups. We conclude that despite their low levels of formal education and training, communal farmers can assess the performance of local landscapes in a consistent way. This study provides information about the degree to which the landscape under focus conformed to the main ecoagriculture goals and can guide development planning and extension service provision.     

基于“整体观”的库车历史文化名城保护规划

介绍库车历史文化名城保护规划编制工作,指出其针对地方基础研究薄弱、社会各界保护意识淡薄和民族地区的特殊环境与政簧导致保护面临的问题和矛盾更为复杂的特点,特别加强了基础调研和规划实施的有效衔接;并建构了对“城市”和“区域”,“物质空间遗存”和“文化传承活力”并重的整体保护框架.     

Community spaces in the minds of traditional craftsmen in a pottery village in Japan

At present,the planning for the conservation or development of Japanese traditional crafts is based on administrative districts or water catch ment areas. However, the conservation of Japanese traditions relies not only on the access to relevant natural resources but also on artisans' ability to manufacture crafts in specific environments.The perspectives of artisans on their work environments have a significant influence on traditional crafts.In this study, we aimed to investigate the changes in natural resource use in a village recognized for Koishiwara-yaki-style pottery.We employed a questionnaire and conducted interview surveys to collect data on the perceptions of the artisans working in the said village.The findings were as follows.1)The area commonly regarded by the artisans as their place for pottery was identified. The identification of areas that aresignificant to local tradition can serve as a vital contribution to spatial planning.2)The birth place of the local ceramics tradition in a local water catchment area was regarded as critically important in the preservation of the traditions of the village. 3) Several potters emphasized the value of their work environment to veradministrative support because of the historical connection between the place and their traditions. Highlighting this connection can attract historical and cultural tourism to this area.