不同蛋白源酶解产物对过氧化氢诱导损伤PC12细胞的保护作用研究

本文以H_2O_2诱导损伤的大鼠肾上腺嗜铬细胞瘤PC12细胞为细胞模型,分别研究了三种蛋白源酶解产物(脑活素、鳕鱼蛋白肽和核桃蛋白肽)对H_2O_2诱导PC12细胞氧化损伤的保护作用。结果表明,H_2O_2的加入会使得PC12细胞的细胞数目减少,部分胞体皱缩成圆形或椭圆形,周围光晕消失,且随着H_2O_2浓度的增加,细胞存活率逐渐降低。脑活素可获得最好的PC12细胞损伤保护作用,核桃蛋白肽次之,而鳕鱼蛋白肽作用不明显;此外,结果表明脑活素、鳕鱼蛋白肽和核桃蛋白肽对受损伤细胞的存活和增殖也能起一定的改善作用。因此,核桃蛋白肽是一种改善脑部功能性障碍的潜在原料。     

真空提取核桃粕多酚的抗氧化活性研究

目的 探究真空提取的核桃粕(walnut meal)多酚的抗氧化活性。方法 以非真空条件下提取的多酚为对照,采用超声波辅助真空法提取核桃粕多酚,用HPD-100型大孔树脂对多酚进行纯化,福林酚(Folin-Ciocalte)法测定多酚含量,通过试剂盒检测多酚对1,1-二苯基-2-苦基肼自由基(1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl,DPPH)、超氧阴离子自由基的清除率及Fe³⁺还原能力(ferric reducing antioxidant power,FRAP)来评价其体外抗氧化活性,用cck8(cell countingkit-8)法测定不同浓度的核桃粕多酚对HepG2细胞的毒性作用,确定3个无毒性作用浓度,以770μmol/L的H₂O₂诱导HepG2细胞建立氧化应激损伤模型,通过测定HepG2细胞中丙二醛(malonicdialdehyde, MDA)含量、超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase, SOD)活力、谷胱甘肽(glutathione, GSH)含量探究12.5、25...     

三七叶总皂苷对慢性应激抑郁大鼠行为学及海马体cAMP、PKA、BDNF的影响

本文研究了三七叶总皂苷的抗抑郁作用及其作用机制。40只大鼠随机分成空白组、模型组、氟西汀组和三七叶总皂苷中高剂量组,建立慢性应激抑郁大鼠模型评价三七叶总皂苷的抗抑郁活性以及对海马体cAMP、PKA、BDNF的影响。建模四周后,模型组大鼠与空白组比较,体重、糖水偏好率及自主活动水平等行为学指标分别降低了8.56%、22.48%、26.17%,表现出人类抑郁症中体重下降、快感缺失、自主活动下降等核心症状,而大鼠海马体cAMP、PKA、BDNF的水平分别降低了53.60%、53.60%、39.20%。给予三七叶总皂苷治疗后,与模型组相比,三七叶总皂苷高剂量组大鼠上述三个行为学指标分别增加了7.03%、26.21%、26.21%,上述三个生化指标也分别升高了41.29%、62.79%、49.05%。表明三七叶总皂苷能逆转抑郁大鼠行为学症状以及调节海马体cAMP、PKA、BDNF的水平。三七叶总皂苷具有良好的抗抑郁作用,其作用机制与调控海马体cAMP、PKA、BDNF水平有关。     

珍龙醒脑胶囊对谷氨酸诱导的PC12细胞损伤的保护作用研究

目的研究珍龙醒脑胶囊对谷氨酸(L-glutamic acid,Glu)所致PC12细胞损伤的保护作用。方法利用Glu诱导PC12细胞损伤,采用MTT法测定细胞存活率,试剂盒检测乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)漏出量、一氧化氮(NO)含量、丙二醛(MDA)含量及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性,观察珍龙醒脑胶囊对PC12细胞损伤的修复保护作用。结果珍龙醒脑胶囊可减少由谷氨酸造成的细胞损伤,提高细胞存活率,降低NO和MDA含量,减少LDH漏出量,增加SOD的活性。结论珍龙醒脑胶囊对Glu诱导的PC12细胞损伤有显著的保护作用,其保护作用可能与珍龙醒脑胶囊抑制细胞凋亡、调节氧化应激反应相关。     

番茄红素对鱼藤酮损伤PC12细胞的保护作用研究

目的:探讨番茄红素(Lycopene)对鱼藤酮诱导的PC12细胞损伤的保护作用及其可能机制。方法:采用鱼藤酮诱导PC12细胞损伤模型,给予番茄红素预处理后,CCK-8法检测细胞存活率;倒置显微镜观察细胞形态,测定细胞培养液上清乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)释放量;碘化丙啶(PI)染色流式细胞术检测细胞周期变化;比色法测定细胞内谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、丙二醛(MDA)含量、总抗氧化能力(T-AOC);DCFH-DA染色检测细胞内活性氧类物质(ROS)水平。结果:番茄红素能明显提高鱼藤酮损伤PC12细胞存活率(p<0.05),恢复细胞增殖;明显减轻了细胞损伤的形态的改变,降低LDH的释放、MDA和ROS含量(p<0.05),提高PC12细胞内SOD活性、GSH含量、T-AOC能力(p<0.05)。结论:番茄红素拮抗鱼藤酮致PC12细胞的损伤,其机制可能与抗氧化,清除细胞内ROS,诱导抗氧化酶的活性有关。     

西青果多酚对甲基苯丙胺诱导PC12细胞损伤的保护作用及机制

目的:研究西青果多酚对甲基苯丙胺(Methamphetamine,METH)诱导大鼠肾上腺嗜铬细胞瘤(PC12)细胞损伤的保护作用及机制。方法:实验分为对照组、模型组(3 mmol/L METH)和不同浓度西青果多酚组(25、50、100、200 μg/mL西青果多酚+3 mmol/L METH),给药处理24 h后检测细胞存活率、细胞凋亡、细胞DNA损伤、超氧化物歧化酶(Superoxide dismutase,SOD)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(Glutathione peroxidase,GSH-Px)活力以及活性氧(Reactive oxygen species,ROS)和丙二醛(Malondialdehyde,MDA)含量等。结果:与对照组相比,3 mmol/L METH能极显著降低PC12细胞存活率(P<0.01),显著降低SOD和GSH-Px活力(P<0.05),显著增加胞内MDA含量(P<0.05),极显著增加细胞凋亡率、ROS含量和DNA损伤(P<0.01);与模型组相比,50~200 μg/mL西青果多酚能极显著抑制METH诱导的PC12细胞存活率和SOD活力的降低(P<0.01),显著抑制GSH-Px活力下降(P<0.05),极显著抑制METH导致的细胞凋亡、DNA损伤、胞内MDA和ROS含量增加(P<0.01)。结论:西青果多酚对METH诱导的PC12细胞损伤具有明显的保护作用,其作用机制可能与西青果多酚抑制METH诱导的氧化应激,缓解DNA损伤相关。     

核桃粕、核桃仁酶解物抗氧化活性的研究

比较核桃粕、核桃粕蛋白提取物、核桃仁、去皮核桃仁、脱脂核桃仁和脱脂去皮核桃仁酶解物的抗氧化活性。结果表明,各样品酶解物还原力大小顺序为：核桃仁〉核桃粕蛋白提取物〉核桃粕﹥脱脂核桃仁〉去皮核桃仁〉脱脂去皮核桃仁。当底物浓度为10 mg/mL时,核桃仁直接酶解物的还原力达到谷胱甘肽的79.74%。ORAC值大小顺序为：核桃仁〉脱脂核桃仁〉核桃粕蛋白提取物〉核桃粕〉去皮核桃仁〉脱脂去皮核桃仁。核桃仁直接酶解物的ORAC值最大,为1560.75 μmol Trolox equivalent/g Peptide,与等质量的谷胱甘肽的ORAC值相当。各样品对H2O2诱导PC12细胞损伤均有保护效果,其中核桃仁直接酶解物的保护效果最好,当底物浓度为0.10 mg/mL、0.25 mg/mL和0.50 mg/mL时,均比其它样品的细胞存活率高,分别为72.64%、90.43%和84.98%;当底物浓度为1.00 mg/mL时,脱脂核桃仁酶解物的保护效果最好,细胞存活率为85.11%。     

杨梅多酚提取物对高糖损伤INS-1细胞活性及Pdx-1表达的影响

目的:研究杨梅多酚提取物(CBE)对高糖损伤的INS-1细胞活力、凋亡和坏死以及Pdx-1蛋白表达水平的影响。方法:通过四甲基偶氮唑盐(MTT)法检测胰岛细胞活性,采用Hoechst 33342/PI双染法观察细胞的凋亡和坏死,同时以Western blot法检测Pdx-1蛋白的表达水平。结果:杨梅多酚提取物(0.5～20μg/mL)对高糖损伤INS-1细胞具有保护作用,其中5μg/mL CBE的保护效果较好,与损伤组相比,细胞活性上升14%以上。且在低质量浓度范围(0.5～5μg/mL),CBE的保护效果呈剂量效应关系。荧光染色结果表明杨梅多酚提取物对高糖诱导损伤的INS-1细胞凋亡具有明显的抑制作用。免疫印迹试验显示杨梅多酚提取物干预可改善INS-1细胞因高糖诱导的Pdx-1表达水平下调。结论:杨梅多酚提取物对高糖诱导损伤的INS-1细胞具有显著的保护作用,其机制可能与改善葡萄糖刺激的胰岛素分泌功能有关。     

牛α-乳白蛋白-油酸复合物(BAMLET)对SGC-7901细胞的促凋亡作用及凋亡机制的研究

通过研究α-乳白蛋白-油酸复合物(BAMLET)对SGC-7901细胞的促凋亡作用及其对cAMP/PKA信号途径的影响来探讨BAMLET促进细胞凋亡作用的机制。方法:倒置显微镜下观测细胞形态学变化;MTT法检测细胞增殖抑制率;流式细胞术检测细胞的凋亡;酶联免疫试剂盒检测人胃癌细胞中cAMP和PKA的浓度变化。实验结果表明,α-乳白蛋白-油酸复合物处理细胞24、48、72h后,细胞增殖明显受到抑制,且抑制率随时间延长而增加;流式细胞仪检测药物作用细胞24、48、72h后细胞发生不同程度的凋亡且凋亡率逐渐升高。cAMP及PKA实验结果表明,cAMP的浓度在药物作用细胞20min时达到最大值且明显高于对照组、PKA的活性明显高于对照组且差异性显著。上述结果表明BAMLET能够激活cAMP/PKA信号通路,发挥其促进细胞凋亡的作用。     

丝瓜提取物对 Aβ25-35诱导的 PC12 细胞损伤的保护性研究

观察丝瓜提取物(Luffa extract,LE)对β-淀粉样蛋白(Aβ_(25-35))诱导的PC12细胞损伤的保护作用。应用Aβ_(25-35)造成神经细胞损伤模型,用四甲基偶氮唑盐微量酶反应(MTT)比色法检测各剂量组丝瓜提取物对PC12细胞活力的变化,检测过氧化氢酶(CAT)、谷胱甘肽过氧化氢酶(GSH-Px)活性水平,通过蛋白印迹试验(Western Blotting)来检测B细胞淋巴瘤基因-2(Bcl-2)和Bcl-2相关X蛋白(Bax)的表达水平。丝瓜提取物剂量组PC12细胞存活率高于模型组,GSHPx活性显著增强,CAT含量显著增加(P0.01或P0.05),Bax表达水平降低,Bcl-2表达增高,与模型组比较,差异显著(P0.05~P0.01)。丝瓜提取物对Aβ_(25-35)诱导的PC12细胞损伤有明显的保护作用。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press