Grain refinement of AZ31 magnesium alloy by new Al-Ti-C master alloys

New Al₄C₃-containing Al-Ti-C master alloys (Al-0.6Ti-1C and Al-1Ti-1C) were developed by introducing Ti element into Al-C melt using melt reaction method, in which most of the TiC particles distribute around Al₄C₃ particles. It is believed that most of the C firstly reacts with Al melt and form Al₄C₃ particles by the reaction Al(l)+C(s)→Al₄C₃(s), and after adding Ti into the Al-C melt, the size of Al₄C₃ particles is decreased and the distribution of Al₄C₃ is improved through the reaction Ti(solute)+Al₄C₃(s)→TiC(s)+Al(l). With the addition of 1% Al-1Ti-1C master alloy, the average grain size of AZ31 is reduced sharply from 850 μm to 200 μm, and the grain morphology of α-Mg transits from a fully-developed equiaxed dendritic structure to a petal-like shape. Al-C-O-Mn-Fe compounds are proposed to be potent nucleating substrates for primary Mg. Appropriate addition of Ti is believed to increase the grain refinement efficiency of Al₄C₃-containing Al-Ti-C master alloys in AZ31 alloy.     

新型Al-5Nb-RE-B合金组织和细化效果研究

采用熔体反应制备了组织均匀的Al-5Nb-RE-B中间合金,研究了该中间合金对A356铝合金的细化效果。结果表面,添加1 wt.%的Al-5Nb-RE-B中间合金后,A356铝合金的晶粒度从原来的800um细化为200um。不同冷速下的研究结果表明,Al-5Nb-RE-B中间合金具有较低的冷速敏感性。     

Structural heredity of TiC and its influences on refinement behaviors of AlTiC master alloy

1　INTRODUCTIONPreparationofmostalloysisachievedthroughprocessinginthreestages :solid liquid solid .Duringeveryprocessingstage ,processingmethodsorparam etersmayresultinsomechangesinthemicrostruc turesorpropertiesofthealloywhichwillbetrans ferredstablytothesubsequentstagesandinfluencepropertiesoftheultimateproduct ,andthismaybecalledhereditaryphenomenonofmicrostructuresandproperties .Heredityphenomenoninmetalalloyshasbeennoticedasearlyasin 192 0 [1] ,recentlyworkswerecarriedouttostudyitsre…     

Al-Si-P master alloy and its modification and refinement performance on Al-Si alloys

An Al-Si-P master alloy has been developed by an in-situ reaction and the electron probe microanalyzer (EPMA) results show that there are many pre-formed AlP particles contained in the master alloy. Silicon introduced into the system plays an important role in remarkably im-proving the distribution and content of AlP particles due to their similar crystal structure and lattice parameters. ZL109 alloys have shown fast modification response to the addition of 0.5% Al-15Si-3.SP master alloy at 720℃, with a mass of primary Si precipitating in size of about 15 μm. Also, coarse primary Si grains in Al-30Si alloy can be refined dramatically from 150 μm to 37 μm after the addition of 2.0% Al- 15Si-3.5P master alloy at 850℃. The P recovery of the Al-15Si-3.5P master alloy is much higher than that of a Cu-8.SP master alloy due to the pre-formed AlP particles.     

Mg对Al-Ti-B、Al-Ti-C中间合金细化铝晶粒效果的影响

试验研究了Mg对Al-5Ti-1B和Al-5Ti-0.2C两种中间合金细化铝晶粒效果的影响,分析了Mg影响两种中间合金细化铝晶粒行为的机制。结果表明,在w(Mg)=1%～7%的范围内,镁含量的增加,对两种中间合金细化铝晶粒的促进作用不显著,但对晶粒形貌有显著的影响;晶粒形貌取决于所用中间合金的种类和Mg添加量大小,相同镁含量时,用Al-5Ti-1B细化比用Al-5Ti-0.2C细化后晶粒的树枝化程度小;细化所用的中间合金相同时,随着镁含量的增加,细化晶粒的树枝化程度增大。     

Mn对Al-Ti-B、Al-Ti-C中间合金细化铝晶粒效果的影响

试验研究了Mn元素对Al-5Ti-1B和Al-5Ti-0.2C两种铝用中间合金晶粒细化效果的影响,分析了Mn元素影响两种中间合金晶粒细化效果的机制。结果表明,总体来讲,Mn对Al-5Ti-1B和Al-5Ti-0.2C的晶粒细化效果有不同程度的破坏作用。微量Mn元素不会影响铝熔体中形核基底的活性,Mn元素加入铝熔体后的生长限制因子很小,不能有效阻止小尺寸晶粒的长大和相互融合,添加Mn元素所导致的熔体过热对晶粒细化的破坏作用占主导地位,最终导致中间合金的晶粒细化效果被削弱。     

Al-Ti-C中间合金对Mg-Al合金的晶粒细化作用

制备了一种用于Mg-Al合金晶粒细化的Al-Ti-C中间合金。发现该Al-Ti-C中间合金可以有效地细化镁合金的晶粒，细化后的AZ61合金的抗腐蚀性能大大提高。分析认为，Al-Ti-C中间合金中起晶粒细化作用的是Al4C3和TiC的复合相。     

钛合金表面氩弧熔覆TiC增强复合涂层组织与性能分析

把石墨粉末预涂在钛合金表面上,利用氩弧熔覆技术成功制备出原位自生TiC增强的金属基复合涂层。利用扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪和能谱仪分析了熔覆涂层的显微组织,探讨了增强相TiC的生成机制;利用显微硬度仪测试了复合涂层的显微硬度并用磨损试验机考察了其在室温干滑动磨损条件下的耐磨性能。结果表明,氩弧熔覆涂层组织均匀致密,原位自生TiC呈树枝晶和细碎的条状均匀地分布于整个涂层中;由TiC增强的复合涂层明显地改善了钛合金的表面硬度．平均硬度约为700HV0．2且沿层深方向呈梯度分布;涂层在室温干滑动磨损条件下的耐磨性明显优于基体,约为钛合金的10．5倍．     

高Ti低合金钢中TiC粒子的固溶及沉淀析出行为

通过高温激光扫描共聚焦显微镜(Laser scanning confocal microscopy,LSCM)观察高Ti(0.6wt%Ti)低合金钢升温和降温过程中TiC粒子的演变规律,结合Thermo-Calc软件计算并借助OM、SEM、TEM等分析方法对试验钢中TiC粒子形貌和分布进行表征,研究TiC粒子的析出规律。试验结果表明:不同温度阶段生成的TiC粒子形态各异,按照粒径由大到小顺序逐渐从基体中析出,高温对小尺寸TiC粒子析出的抑制作用更为显著。高温下多个尺寸较大的相邻TiC粒子会在试样表面发生聚集形成絮状形貌,高温固相析出的TiC粒子由球体不稳定状态向立方体稳定形貌转变,粗化程度可忽略。     

Al-Ti-C体系中Al对合成TiC的影响

通过压块在不同温度下的烧结反应,借助DTA、XRD分析手段,研究了Al-Ti-C体系中Al对合成TiC的影响。结果表明,烧结后的压块显示出典型的自蔓延高温合成特点。无Al的条件下,Ti很难与C直接反应生成TiC,液态铝可作为很好的扩散介质,并且Al是通过生成Al3Ti而参加自蔓延高温反应。当Ti/C原子比为1,烧结温度为1000℃,压块中的Al量在10wt%左右时,Al-Ti-C体系能较为完全地生成TiC。     

Effect of nucleating agents on synthesis of CoNi alloy particles via polyol process

CoNi alloy particles were synthesized via the polyol process using nucleating agents such as copper (II) acetylacetonate and K₂PtCl₄. The phase, morphology, mean size, and magnetic properties were evaluated using X-ray diffractometry, field emission scanning electron microscopy, and a vibrating samples magnetometer. At [Cu]/[Co+Ni]=1×10⁻⁶, the size of the CoNi alloy particles was approximately 320 nm. When the nucleation molar ratio [Pt]/[Co+Ni] was 8×10⁻⁵, the size decreased to 95 nm. This indicates that K₂PtCl₄ is a more effective nucleating agent for controlling the size of CoNi nanoparticles at the tens to hundreds of nanometers scale. The magnetic properties showed that the CoNi alloy particles are typical soft magnetic materials. The coercivity of CoNi alloy particles prepared by using K₂PtCl₄ as a nucleating agent was higher than of particles prepared by using copper (II) acetylacetonate.     

United modification of Al-24Si alloy by Al-P and Al-Ti-C master alloys

The modification effect of a new type of Al-P master alloy on Al-24Si alloys was investigated.It is found that excellent modification effect can be obtained by the addition of this new type of Al-P master alloy into Al-24Si melt and the average primary Si grain size is decreased below 47μm from original 225μm.It is also found that the TiC particles in the melt coming from A18Ti2C can improve the modification ffect of the Al-P master alloy.When the content of TiC particles in the Al-24Si melt is 0.03%.the improvement reaches the maximum and keeps steady with increasing content of TiC particles.Modification effect occurs at 50 min after addition of the Al-P master alloy and TiC particles,and keeps stable with prolonging holding time.     

Al-Ti-C对Al-Mg-Si系合金组织及性能的影响分析

研究Al-Ti-C中间合金对Al-Mg-Si系铝合金的组织及性能的影响,并从理论上分析了Al-Ti-C的作用机理.结果表明,Al-Ti-C中间合金对Al-Mg-Si系合金铸态组织具有强烈的细化作用,同时对其导电性能、耐腐蚀性能及抗拉强度也有一定改善.     

原位TiC颗粒对喷射沉积7093铝合金微观组织的影响

采用喷射沉积及原位反应喷射沉积方法制备7093铝合金及7093+TiC铝合金,研究试验合金420℃热挤压及不同固溶处理后的微观组织和力学性能。探索原位TiC颗粒对喷射沉积7093铝合金组织的影响。结果表明,原位TiC颗粒能够提高喷射沉积7093铝合金的再结晶温度10℃,当固溶温度达到490℃时,7093+TiC铝合金中的富Cu颗粒基本溶解,但并未出现过烧现象。采用450℃×3h+480℃×3h+120℃×24h的制度处理后,7093+TiC铝合金的抗拉强度达754 MPa,伸长率达7.1%。     

原位TiC颗粒对7075铝合金组织和磨损特性的影响

采用原位反应近液相线铸造法制备具有不同原位TiC颗粒含量的TIC/7075铝合金复合材料,在不同干摩擦条件下测试了复合材料磨损特性,研究TiC原位颗粒对材料的组织及磨损性能的影响.结果表明,原位TiC颗粒对7075基体铝合金的铸态组织具有细化和球化作用,随着TiC颗粒含量的增加,复合材料的铸态组织由蔷薇状组织逐渐转变为等轴晶组织.在转速和压力相同的条件下,复合材料的磨损量随TiC颗粒含量的增加而降低,增强相TiC的加入显著提高了材料的磨损性能.     

Effect of mechanical activation on TiC synthesis reaction in Al-Ti-C powder mixture

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Microstructure and synthesis mechanism of Al-Ti-C-Sr master alloy

Al-5Ti-0.5C-8Sr (mass fraction,%) master alloy was prepared using a melt reaction method.The microstructure and synthetic process of the master alloy were investigated by optical microscopy,X-ray diffraction,scanning electron microscopy and X-ray energy-dispersive spectrum.The results show that the master alloy is composed of α(Al),TiAl3,TiC,Al4Sr and Al-Ti-Sr phases.The synthesis mechanisms of the master alloy are as follows:TiAl3 is formed through the reaction between K2TiF6 and Al melt at 850 ℃;when the melt was heated up to 1 200?1 300 ℃,TiC was formed through the reaction:Ti+C(s)=TiC(s);Al4Sr was formed through the binary uniform reaction when Sr was added into the melt;after the following solidification process in the peritectic reaction:L(Al,Sr)+α(TiAl3)→β(Al-Ti-Sr),the enwrapped structure was formed with the outer layer of Al-Ti-Sr phase and the internal layer of TiAl3 phase.     

Effect of TiC Nanoparticles Supported by Ti Powders on the Solidification Behavior and Microstructure of Pure Aluminum

A novel grain refiner consisting of TiC nanoparticles (NPs) supported by Ti powders (abbr. TiC/Ti refiner) was prepared by high-energy milling. The addition of 0.5 wt% TiC/Ti refiner converted the structure of pure Al from coarse dendrites to fine equiaxed grains with the average grain size of 114.7 μm, and it also increased the nucleation temperature of α(Al) from 656.7 to 664.4 °C. When TiC/Ti refiner was introduced into Al melt, the heat released from the Al–Ti reaction promoted the uniform dispersion of TiC NPs. The dissolution of the reaction product TiAl₃ released Ti atoms into the melt and thus formed a “Ti-rich transition region” around TiC NPs. The dispersive TiC NPs could act as the heterogeneous nuclei for α(Al) and the “Ti-rich transition region” further improved the lattice orientation relationship between Al (\(\bar{1}1\bar{1}\)) and TiC (\(11\bar{1}\)) planes, which eventually resulted in the refining of α(Al).