两种偏心支撑钢框架受力性能对比分析

建立了空间Y型与K型偏心支撑钢框架有限元模型,对两种模型框架进行了单向加载和循环加载试验,对比分析了两种空间偏心支撑框架的屈服强度、极限承载力、侧向刚度、延性和耗能能力等方面受力性能的差异,为工程设计提供参考。     

3种偏心支撑钢框架的塑性设计方法

偏心支撑钢框架是在中心支撑钢框架的基础上发展起来的一种新型结构体系,它能够有效改善钢框架在大震作用下的抗震性能。本文基于已有耗能梁段的塑性设计模型,考虑钢材的应变硬化效应影响,提出了一种改进的偏心支撑耗能梁段塑性模型,并基于此模型对不同形式的偏心支撑钢框架在弯矩、剪力共同作用下的屈服模型进行了研究,推导出其塑性设计公式。     

Recent research on eccentrically braced frames

Recent research developments on eccentrically braced steel frames for seismic design are reviewed. The emphasis is placed on the design of links, which are short sections of beams between columns and braces, and similar elements at eccentric joints. The review includes some highlights of the latest experiments with one-third scale models employing different eccentric bracing schemes, an updated classification of links, and special design requirements for different types of links. Some results are given on recent cyclic tests of full-size links.     

Y型偏心支撑钢框架受力性能有限元分析

建立了四种Y型偏心支撑钢框架有限元模型,对平面模型框架和三种空间模型框架进行了单向加载和循环加载试验,并对比分析了模型框架的屈服强度、极限承载力、侧向刚度、延性和耗能能力等方面的受力性能差异,得到的结果为工程设计提供了参考。     

Seismic performance of Y‐type eccentrically braced frames combined with high‐strength steel based on performance‐based seismic design

In the Y‐type eccentrically braced frame structures, the links as fuses are generally located outside the beams; the links can be easily repairable or replaceable after earthquake without obvious damage in the slab and beam. The non‐dissipative member (beams, braces, and columns) in the Y‐type eccentrically braced frames are overestimated designed to ensure adequate plastic deformation of links with dissipating sufficient energy. However, the traditionally code design not only wastes steel but also limits the application of eccentrically braced frames. In this paper, Y‐type eccentrically braced steel frames with high‐strength steel is proposed; links and braces are fabricated with Q345 steel (the nominal yield stress is 345 MPa); the beams and columns are fabricated with high‐strength steel. The usage of high‐strength steel effectively decreases the cross sections of structural members as well as reduces the construction cost. The performance‐based seismic design of eccentrically braced frames was proposed to achieve the ideal failure mode and the same objective. Based on this method, four groups Y‐type eccentrically braced frames of 5‐story, 10‐story, 15‐story, and 20‐story models with ideal failure modes were designed, and each group includes Y‐type eccentrically braced frames with ordinary steel and Y‐type eccentrically braced frames with high‐strength steel. Nonlinear pushover and nonlinear dynamic analyses were performed on all prototypes, and the near‐fault and far‐fault ground motions are considered. The bearing capacity, lateral stiffness, story drift, link rotations, and failure modes were compared. The results indicated that Y‐type eccentrically braced frames with high‐strength steel have a similar bearing capacity to ordinary steel; however, the lateral stiffness of Y‐type eccentrically braced frames with high‐strength steel is smaller. Similar failure modes and story drift distribution of the prototype structures designed using the performance‐based seismic design method are performed under rare earthquake conditions.     

轴心压力对K型偏心支撑钢框架抗震性能的影响

对偏心支撑钢框架进行了介绍,简述了偏心支撑钢框架的优点及应用,通过ANSYS有限元程序,研究了轴心压力对K型偏心支撑钢框架抗震性能的影响,得出了设计轴压比应控制在0.6以下才能保证结构的抗震性能充分发挥的结论.     

改进加盖板法用于D型偏心支撑结构的抗震性能试验研究

提出一种新型剪切型耗能梁段与柱连接节点——改进加盖板方案,在满足梁端抗弯、抗剪承载力的同时,放松对耗能梁段的约束,使其充分发展剪切塑性变形,耗散更多的地震能量。采用1∶3缩尺模型,将该新型方案用于D型偏心支撑结构中,与传统的D型偏心支撑结构进行了对比试验,结果表明,采用改进加盖板方案的单斜杆偏心支撑结构具有很好的抗侧移刚度和变形能力,并具有足够的抗侧移能力;可以将耗能梁段从柱边移开,从而允许耗能梁段有较大转动,耗散更多的地震能量。同时也给出了改进加盖板方案的设计方法。     

Y形偏心支撑高强钢框架结构抗震性能

在Y形偏心支撑高强钢框架结构抗震性振动台试验的基础上,建立了试验试件的有限元模型,并验证了分析的正确性。设计了一个9层的Y形偏心支撑高强钢框架结构,以耗能梁段长度、耗能梁段腹板高厚比、高跨比为参数,对9层结构进行了非线性动力时程分析,研究了以上参数对结构抗震性能的影响。研究结果表明,改变耗能梁段长度、高跨比对结构层间侧移、耗能梁段性能、框架柱弯矩、耗能能力均有不同程度的影响,对框架柱轴力、基底剪力无显著影响;改变耗能梁段腹板高厚比对结构耗能能力有影响,对结构层间侧移、耗能梁段性能、框架柱受力、基底剪力无显著影响,并给出了相关设计建议。     

V型偏心支撑钢框架抗震性能非线性时程分析

针对V型偏心支撑钢框架的不同耗能梁段长度,运用有限元分析软件SAP2000对相应的算例进行非线性时程分析。通过对构件内力、节点位移等计算结果的分析,并与D型和K型偏心支撑钢框架非线性时程分析的结果进行比较,得到了一些结论,以供工程设计人员参考。     

高层偏心支撑钢框架弹塑性地震反应分析

偏心支撑框架与纯框架相比,有更大的抗侧移刚度及极限承载力,与中心支撑框架相比,可有效地降低地震作用.国内外学者对偏心支撑性能做了较多研究,但实际工程中鲜有应用,我国现有钢结构建筑大多为中心支撑框架或纯框架,结合一工程实例,对高层偏心支撑钢框架进行弹塑性时程分析和抗震性能研究.     

D型偏心支撑钢框架抗震性能非线性时程分析

针对D型偏心支撑钢框架的不同耗能梁段长度,运用有限元分析软件SAP2000对相应的算例进行非线性时程分析。通过对构件内力、节点位移等计算结果的分析得到了一些结论,以供工程设计人员参考。     

多层高强钢组合Y形偏心支撑钢框架抗震性能试验研究

为研究高强钢组合Y形偏心支撑钢框架结构的抗震性能,进行了一个1∶2缩尺模型的三层结构试件的低周往复加载试验,从结构的承载能力、刚度退化、位移延性、耗能能力及破坏模式等方面评价了结构的抗震性能,试验采用三质点倒三角形比例加载。研究结果表明：高强钢组合Y形偏心支撑结构具有较高的承载能力、较好的位移延性和耗能能力,屈服强度较低的耗能连梁的弹塑性变形耗散了大部分地震能量,而高强钢非耗能构件基本处于弹性受力状态,保证了极限状态下结构的完整性。框架梁与耗能连梁连接节点处受力复杂、应力集中严重,加之楼板对框架梁的约束,该节点处变形较大,使得试件最终在此位置破坏。     

偏心支撑钢框架的设计

简述了偏心支撑钢框架结构的工作原理及特点,介绍了偏心支撑钢框架的设计计算方法,其中重点介绍了各杆件的内力计算：耗能梁段设计、非耗能梁段设计、支撑设计和框架柱设计,为工程设计人员提供了指导。     

偏心支撑框架设计新进展

介绍了美国新标准对偏心支撑框架设计的修订,并对我国抗震规范和有关规程对偏心支撑框架的修订作了说明。与过去的规定相比,新规定对构件的内力增大系数有明显降低。说明了降低的原因,并介绍了偏心支撑框架构件和连接设计的有关要求和应考虑的问题,可供设计人员参考。     

支撑—异形柱钢框架结构的静力弹塑性分析

简述了Push-over方法的基本原理,并运用ETABS对柱截面积相同、柱形(H形柱,异形柱)不同的支撑—钢框架结构进行弹塑性分析,发现了支撑—异形柱钢框架结构抗震性能优于纯钢框架结构,支撑—异形柱钢框架较支撑—H形柱钢框架弱侧抗侧能力更好等优点。     

Seismic responses and resilience of novel SMA-based self-centring eccentrically braced frames under near-fault ground motions

In this paper, the seismic responses and resilience of a novel K-type superelastic shape memory alloy (SMA) self-centring (SC) eccentrically braced frame (EBF) are investigated. The simulation models of the SMA-based SC-EBF and a corresponding equal-stiffness traditional EBF counterpart are first established based on some existing tests. Then twenty-four near-fault ground motions are used to examine the seismic responses of both EBFs under design basis earthquake (DBE) and maximum considered earthquake (MCE) levels. Structural fragility and loss analyses are subsequently conducted through incremental dynamic analyses (IDA), and the resilience of the two EBFs are eventually estimated. The resilience assessment basically follows the framework proposed by Federal Emergency and Management Agency (FEMA) with the additional consideration of the maximum residual inter-storey drift ratio (MRIDR). The novel SMA-based SC-EBF shows a much better resilience in the study and represents a promising attractive alternative for future applications.     

防屈曲支撑钢框架结构中被撑柱抗震设计探讨

通过3个算例,对采用人字形和V字形的无粘结内藏钢板支撑剪力墙(即人字形和V字形防屈曲支撑)的防屈曲支撑钢框架结构的抗震性能进行分析。重点考察大震下,支撑的轴力分布和对被撑柱所受轴力的影响。分析表明,采用结构在一阶振型下的支撑轴力分布来设计被撑柱的做法,适用于多层的防屈曲支撑钢框架结构;而对于高层的防屈曲支撑钢框架结构,高振型影响较显著,上述设计方法对被撑柱的设计较保守,有必要考虑高振型参与下的支撑轴力分布来设计被撑柱。     

Fundamental period of irregular concentrically braced steel frame structures

This paper presents the results of investigation on the fundamental periods of concentrically braced frame (CBF) structures with varying geometric irregularities. A total of 12 CBFs are designed and analyzed. On the basis of the results obtained from vibration theory, equations for the approximate fundamental periods are put forth for CBFs, which take into account vertical and horizontal irregularities. Through statistical comparison, it was found that a three‐variable power model that is able to account for irregularities resulted in a better fit to the Rayleigh data than equations that were dependent on height only. The proposed equations were validated through a comparison of available measured period data for CBFs. These proposed equations will allow design engineers to quickly and to accurately estimate the fundamental period of CBF structures by taking into account irregularities. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Seismic performance of eccentrically braced frame with vertical link using PBPD method

There are special guidelines to design the structures resistant to earthquake forces; parameters such as conditions of the site, seismicity of the site, importance of the structure and the type of the structure are the main effective factors. Consideration of these parameters in calculation and distribution of the earthquake forces are significantly different in various design codes. In most of these design codes, the computation and distribution of earthquake forces are based upon the elastic structural analysis. In this approach, the real behavior of structure is not considered and it may consequently sustain big displacements and irretrievable damages. Therefore, a new design method has been utilized in this paper by which the base shear and its distribution in the height of the structure are calculated according to the plastic behavior of structure and takes advantage of energy balance. The latter is known as performance‐based plastic design method. The study of the behavior of eccentrically braced frames with vertical links while undertaking earthquake loads using performance‐based plastic design method is the main purpose of this study. It is also worthy of notion that the frames are designed using a capacity design method. In addition, the results are compared with those of the International Building Code 2009 method; the results demonstrate that the plastic hinges, the interstory drifts and plastic rotation of links are distributed more uniformly in the height of frames designed by the suggested method compared to International Building Code 2009. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Seismic performance of chevron braced frames with shape memory alloy vertical shear link

Chevron braced steel frames with vertical shear link have reliable displacement dependent dampers with sufficient strength and ductility to dissipate energy of strong earthquakes through inelastic mechanisms. In this study, shape memory alloy with its superelastic behavior is utilized as material of vertical shear link to improve the ductility characteristics of the system and decrease residual displacements in the structures due to its self‐centering capability. Nonlinear time‐history, incremental dynamic analysis, and dynamic pushover analysis techniques are used to investigate the behavior of two different four‐ and eight‐story frames with steel vertical shear link (STVL) and shape memory alloy vertical shear link (SMVL) under various earthquake records. The results show that there is a negligible residual displacement in the structures with SMVL, although considerable residual displacements can be observed in the structures with STVL. For instance, when the eight‐story frame is subjected to the Northridge earthquake, a 12‐cm residual displacement is observed in the structures with STVL, whereas the structures with SMVL might experience just 3‐cm residual displacement.