BaTiO3烧结陶瓷的微结构及介电性能研究

以超重力反应沉淀法制得的纳米BaTiO3为初始粉体,在不同温度烧结得到BaTiO3陶瓷。分别用SEM和阻抗分析仪测试陶瓷微结构和介电性能。结果表明：陶瓷微结构尤其晶粒尺寸对陶瓷介电性能影响极大;烧结温度低于1250℃时得到细晶粒陶瓷(d=300～400nm),表现出明显的低介电常数和相变弥散的特征;烧结温度达1250℃时得到陶瓷超出细晶粒陶瓷范围,烧结温度为1300℃时,得到陶瓷晶粒尺寸为3～4μm,室温介电性能优于粗晶粒陶瓷。     

(Ba_(0.85)Ca_(0.15))(Zr_(0.1)Ti_(0.9))O_3-(Ba_(0.85)Ca_(0.15))TiO_3无铅压电陶瓷的结构与性能

采用流延叠层成型工艺制备了(Ba0.85Ca0.15)(Zr0.1Ti0.9)O3-5%(Ba0.85Ca0.15)TiO3(BCZT-5%BCT)无铅压电陶瓷,研究了BCZT-5%BCT陶瓷的微观组织结构对电性能的影响规律,研究表明,BCZT-5%BCT陶瓷的晶粒尺寸对其压电、介电与铁电性能影响显著,在1 500℃下烧结时,BCZT-5%BCT陶瓷的晶粒尺寸随烧结保温时间的增加呈现先增大后减小的趋势,烧结保温时间为8h的样品中晶粒尺寸最大,此时BCZT-5%BCT陶瓷的压电与铁电性能最优,即压电常数(d33)约为218pC/N,剩余极化强度2Pr约为30.48μC/cm2,介电常数(εr)约为1 617,介电损耗(tanδ)约为0.037,居里温度(TC)约为90.6℃。     

流延法制备纳米SiO_2压电陶瓷的结构及性能

采用流延法使用无定型纳米SiO2原料粉制备SiO2压电陶瓷,XRD和SEM结果表明,烧结温度为850℃和950℃时未发生晶化反应,当烧结温度为1 050℃时生成α-方石英,晶粒尺寸随烧结温度的升高而长大,不同烧结温度下压电常数分别为1.1pC/N,1.2pC/N和1.4pC/N,烧结温度越高介电常数越大,机械品质因数越大,而介电损耗与烧结温度无关。     

烧结温度对Zn-Nb共掺Ba(Zr0.1Ti0.9)O3陶瓷微结构与介电性能的影响

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备Y5V型Zn、Nb共掺杂Ba(Zr0.1Ti0.9)O3陶瓷,通过 XRD、SEM 等分析检测手段对样品进行表征。研究了烧结温度对陶瓷相组成、微观结构、介电性能及介电弛豫的影响。结果表明：样品为单一的四方相钙钛矿结构,随着烧结温度的增加,陶瓷晶粒尺寸与介电常数增大,弥散相变系数（γ）先增加后减小。当陶瓷的烧结温度为1 280 ℃时,陶瓷的平均晶粒尺寸约为3 ?m、密度（6.034 6 g/cm3）与γ（1.909 2）达到最大值,室温相对介电常数（εr）和介电损耗（tanδ）分别为14 849和0.37%。     

高压烧结的BaTiO3陶瓷的介电性能

用两种高压法烧结得到致密的细晶BaTiO3陶瓷。由压力辅助烧结得到的陶瓷晶粒没有过分长大,晶粒尺寸保持在纳米尺度内;用高压成型常压烧结法得到的陶瓷晶粒明显长大。当BaTiO3陶瓷的晶粒尺寸从400 nm减小到50 nm时,相应的介电常数从3 000减小到1 900。介电常数的减小可由晶粒尺寸的减小而导致四方度的降低和非铁电低介电常数的晶界层解释。且铁电-顺电转变由一个尖锐峰变成一个宽的区域,宽的转变区域表现出扩散相变的特征。     

纳米复合ZnO粉体烧结过程晶粒生长的分析

根据ZnO晶粒生长动力学方程,确定了晶粒生长的动力学指数和激活能,研究了纳米复合ZnO粉体的烧结过程以及烧结过程中的晶粒生长规律。实验结果表明:由纳米复合ZnO粉体制备的陶瓷,其晶粒生长动力学指数n为3,激活能Q为(185±26)kJ/mol。与微米粉体相比,纳米复合ZnO粉体的晶粒生长动力学指数和激活能都比较小,因此液相烧结的温度低,晶粒生长速度加快。     

钛酸锶钡纳米粉体与陶瓷的制备及性能

以低成本钡、锶的碳酸盐替代醋酸盐为原料,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了Ba0.6Sr0.4TiO3超细粉体,成型后分别在1 300℃和1 330℃下烧结成瓷。采用DTA-TG、XRD、SEM、精密电感电容电阻数字电桥(LCR)测试仪分别对凝胶的晶化过程、粉体的物相结构、烧结体的晶粒形貌、陶瓷的介电性能进行了测试分析。结果表明,在750℃可合成出平均晶粒尺寸为20 nm的立方相Ba0.6Sr0.4TiO3粉体;其陶瓷烧结体的介电损耗在室温附近可降低约至0.002,且温度稳定性良好;随着陶瓷晶粒平均尺寸的降低,居里温度向负温方向移动,其介电峰有弥散化趋势;外加直流电场为10 kV/cm时样品的介电可调谐性可达65%。     

SPS制备亚微米多晶LaB6块体的EBSD研究

用氢直流电弧法制备LaH2纳米粉末,再采用放电等离子烧结（SPS）技术,在压力50MPa,烧结温度1400℃～1600℃条件下制备了LaB6亚微米多晶块体。采用EBSD技术,对LaB6样品表面的晶粒、晶界特征及晶粒取向等进行了测试分析。结果表明,SPS制备的LaB6晶粒尺寸为0．14μm～1．10μm,晶粒大小随烧结温度升高而增大。随烧结温度的升高,小角度晶界（微取向差在10°以内）的含量逐渐增加。取向分析表明,SPS烧结LaB6多晶块体形成了几种择优取向。     

烧结温度对TiO2压敏陶瓷结构和性能的影响

研究了烧结温度对TiO2压敏陶瓷显微结构、晶界势垒结构和电学性能的影响。采用扫描电镜(SEM)测试了不同烧结温度对TiO2陶瓷的显微结构;根据热电子发射理论,采用电学性能数据计算了不同烧结温度的晶界势垒结构;讨论了显微结构和势垒结构对TiO2压敏陶瓷电学性能的影响。实验结果表明:烧结温度必须高于致密化的初始温度,但烧结温度过高会形成大量氧空位而在晶粒中形成气孔,影响显微结构的均匀性和致密性,较适合的烧结温度为1 350℃。随烧结温度的增加,TiO2压敏陶瓷的晶粒尺寸长大,Nb5 的固溶度增加,势垒高度与势垒宽度增加,压敏电压降低,而非线性系数和介电常数增加。     

放电等离子法烧结BaTiO3纳米晶

借助放电等离子烧结(SPS)方法研究了烧结过程中存在的可能对显微组织产生影响的因素．选择烧结温度、烧结时间、烧结速率及不同的粉体合成方法等几种可能的因素进行研究。结果表明和其他条件比较,烧结温度仍是影响密度和晶粒尺寸的关键因素．通过控制工艺,成功合成晶粒尺寸为80nm的高密度(＞90％)钛酸钡纳米晶．     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

A rigorous proof of MIMO channel capacity’s increase with antenna number

It is well known that adding more antennas at the transmitter or at the receiver may offer larger channel capacity in the multiple-input multiple-output（MIMO） communication systems. In this letter, a simple proof is presented for the fact that the channel capacity increases with an increase in the number of receiving antennas. The proof is based on the famous capacity formula of Foschini and Gans with matrix theory.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.     

Diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO4/LBO lasers with 4.2W continuous-wave output at 457 nm

A continuous-wave (CW) 457 nm blue laser operating at the power of 4.2 W is demonstrated by using a fiber coupled laser diode module pumped Nd: YVO4 and using LBO as the intra-cavity SHG crystal With the optimization of laser cavity and crystal parameters, the laser operates at a very high efficiency. When the pumping power is about 31 W, the output at 457nm reaches 4.2 W, and the optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 13.5% accordingly. The stability of the out putpower is better than 1.2% for 8 h continuously working.     

Call for Papers

正Wireless Body-area Networks The last decade has witnessed the convergence of three giant worlds:electronics,computer science and telecommunications.The next decade should follow this convergence in most of our activities with the generalization of sensor networks.In particular with the progress in medicine,people live longer and the aging of population will push the development of wireless personal networks