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采用磁控溅射技术在SnO2薄膜表面修饰金属Ni,研究Ni修饰量对SnO2薄膜气敏性能影响。对Ni-SnO2薄膜进行表面成分分析,发现Ni的表面含量和化学价态对Ni-SnO2薄膜气敏性能影响至关重要。Ni的表面修饰量在3.4%-8.8%之间将有效提高SnO2薄膜对低浓度氢气的敏感性能。180℃工作温度下,表面含Ni3.4%的SnO2薄膜对1000ppm的氢气灵敏度最高为59.6,同时响应时间和恢复时间降低至15s和125s。Ni修饰量增加到23.4%,薄膜的气敏性能恶化,这是因为修饰层过厚,阻碍气体与SnO2材料接触。同时,XPS证实NiO是增加SnO2薄膜气敏性能的主要物质,增敏机理解释为Ni氧化后形成的NiO在SnO2薄膜上形成p-n结,促进元件的电导变化,从而提高了薄膜的气敏性能。 相似文献
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Tindioxideisoneofthemostimp0rtantmaterialsforsens0rs.Inthisletter,theinterfacialstructuresofn-SnO2andn-Si-SnO2(d0pedwith5wtpctSiO2)samplespreparedbythesol-gelpr0cesshavebeenin-vestigatedbyX-raydiffraction(XRD),p0sitronlife-timespectr0sc0pyand119SnM6ssbauerspectr0scopy.Variati0nsofgrainsizeforn-SnO2andn-Si-SnO2sampleswithsinteringtemperatureshowthatthegrowthhastw0stageswithincreasingtempera-ture.Thecrystallizationtemperatureisab0ut5O0'C.Whenthesinteringtemperaturewaslowerthanthecrystall… 相似文献
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采用平面丝网印刷工艺制备SnO2厚膜气敏试样,分别在不同烧结温度和保温时间下于空气中烧成,测量试样的灵敏度和稳定性,并通过复阻抗分析方法,研究SnO2气敏元件烧结工艺和电性能的关系,探讨烧结工艺对敏感材料微结构的影响.结果表明,适当调整烧结工艺参数可以使元件既有较高的气体灵敏度又有良好的长期稳定性;复阻抗分析表明, 随保温时间延长, 试样的电阻--电抗曲线半圆弧的弥散角逐渐减小至零, 说明适当延长保温时间使晶粒间界处的弛豫时间分布趋向一致,晶界处晶粒的接触形态以及开口气孔和缺陷的分布等更趋均一和稳定. 相似文献
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本文通过制备不同膜厚的纳米SnO2厚膜型气敏器件试样,测量试样对乙醇气体的灵敏度和试样的阻温曲线并进行复阻抗分析,研究了试样的膜厚对灵敏度的影响.SnO2纳米材料由化学沉淀法制备,采用平面丝网印刷技术制作不同膜厚的气敏试样.结果表明,试样膜厚在65μm左右对乙醇气体具有最大灵敏度.膜厚对灵敏度的影响可能与膜层的晶粒接触状态如接触面积、气孔率、气孔宽度和深度等发生变化有关. 相似文献
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《Materials Letters》2005,59(19-20):2563-2565
SnO2 hollow microspheres have been synthesized by a hydrothermal method. X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) were used to characterize such hollow microspheres. SEM image shows that SnO2 microspheres with diameters of 0.5–1 μm are composed of SnO2 nanoparticles with about 15 nm in diameter. Some broken microspheres indicate the hollow spherical structure. XRD shows that SnO2 hollow microspheres have tetragonal structure. 相似文献
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在相对温和的水热体系里合成出纳米品Sr-Cr水合石榴石,采用XRD、IR和XPS光谱图对产物进行了表征.结果表明,高溶解性的初始物和高浓度的矿化剂大大降低其晶化温度,并提高其结晶度.随温度升高,出现Sr十二面体最近邻的OH-断裂与分解过程,在空气或氧气中,还出现了Cr(Ⅲ)到Cr(Ⅳ)氧化过程.骨架离子Cr(Ⅲ)的价态变化直接决定着水合石榴石的分解过程及其产物的结构类型,低温磁化率测量表明Sr3Cr2(OH)12是顺磁性的;在该结构中出现了轨道角动量的完全猝灭.该结构中存在较高对称性的Cr-OH八面体. 相似文献
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Mohanty T Batra Y Tripathi A Kanjilal D 《Journal of nanoscience and nanotechnology》2007,7(6):2036-2040
Nanocrystalline tin oxide (SnO2) thin films grown by RF magnetron sputtering technique were characterized by UV-Visible absorption spectroscopy and Photoluminescence spectroscopy. From atomic force microscopic (AFM) and Glancing angle X-ray diffraction (GAXRD) measurements, the radius of grains was found to be approximately 6+/-2 nm. The thin films were bombarded with 250 keV Xe2+ ion beam to observe the stability of nanophases against radiation. For ion bombarded films, optical absorption band edge is shifted towards red region. Atomic force microscopy studies show that the radius of the grains was increased to approximately 8 +/- 1 nm and the grains were nearly uniform in size. The size of the grains has been reduced after ion bombardment in the case of films grown on Si. During this process, defects such as vacancies, voids were generated in the films as well as in the substrates. Ion bombardment induces local temperature increase of thin films causing melting of films. Ion beam induced defects enhances the diffusion of atoms leading to uniformity in size of grains. The role of matrix on ion beam induced grain growth is discussed. 相似文献
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GIT插层材料微观结构及对SnO2基体气敏性能的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
合成了具有微观层状结构的纳米级氧化石墨,并在100℃以下通过插层反应制备得氧化石墨插层SnO2(GIT),也具有层状结构;通过AFM、FE-SEM、XRD、DSC-TG对其形貌、微观结构、物相、热性能进行分析;在SnO2基体材料中掺入适量GIT插层材料,经过适当的热处理,制备GIT-SnO2复合气敏元件.气敏性能测试表明,材料具有较低的电阻,在200-300℃范围内对丁烷具有较高的灵敏度. 相似文献
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采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了纳米SnO2粉末,利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)以及原子力显微镜(AFM)对材料的晶体结构及晶粒尺寸进行了表征.采用制备的纳米SnO2作为基底材料,掺杂纳米TiO2粉末(SnO2与TiO2的物质的量之比为9:1)以及少量的Ag+(物质的量百分比为0.2%~0.4%),以此材料制成气敏元件,检测了元件的甲醛气敏性能.结果表明:该元件在工作温度为300℃时,对200×10-6的甲醛具有较好的敏感性,在不同的工作温度下,元件表现出良好的气敏选择性.理论计算表明,气体分子轨道能量的差异是元件气敏选择性的定性因素. 相似文献
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The microstructure effect on the rate of interaction between thick nanocrystalline SnO2 films and oxygen is studied at different temperatures using in situ electrical conductivity measurements. The process kinetics are analyzed in terms of the diffusion–reaction model. The results suggest that the process rate is limited by the dissociation of ionized oxygen on the surface of crystalline SnO2 grains. 相似文献
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SnO_2复合薄膜甲烷气敏传感器研究进展 总被引:1,自引:4,他引:1
甲烷是具有稳定四面体分子结构的碳氢化合物,其键能大、分解困难且活性低,是煤矿安全生产的主要障碍及一种温室气体。SnO2半导体薄膜制备工艺简单、成本低廉、性能稳定,是甲烷传感器研发的主流气敏材料。科技人员进行了很多相关研究以提高传感器的性能,如新气敏材料的研究、催化剂/添加剂的使用、气敏机理的探索、传感器结构改进及气敏膜的表面修饰改性等。本文从气敏膜制备与改性、传感器结构设计及气敏机理研究三个方面,综述了近年来SnO2复合薄膜甲烷传感器的研究进展,结果表明:①应开发复合型金属氧化物半导体及高分子气敏材料,以提高灵敏度、选择性与稳定性;②研发微型智能传感器是未来发展的主要方向,而自组装技术应可用于制备金属氧化物半导体薄膜气体传感器微纳阵列;③气敏机理应与实验测试、材料设计及器件制备进行对照研究。 相似文献
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为了提高NO2气体检测的灵敏度和速度,以单壁碳纳米管(SWCNT)为装配介质,采用介电电泳方法获得单壁碳纳米管场效应晶体管(SWCNT—FET)作为气体传感器检测装置,通过原子力显微镜(AFM)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)表征,结果显示,利用介电电泳方法能够成功地把SWCNTs装配到芯片的源漏两极间;通入NO2气体前后电特性变化情况的测试结果表明,选择接入电场频率为2MHz,峰峰值电压10V,介电电泳持续时间10s时,制备出SWCNT—FET成功率高,通入NO2气体后的电导率增加三个数量级。利用紫外光持续照射10min,SWCNT上的气体分子解附,使气体传感器可重复利用。 相似文献
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O. V. Al’myasheva E. N. Korytkova A. V. Maslov V. V. Gusarov 《Inorganic Materials》2005,41(5):460-467
Thermodynamic analysis of phase equilibria in the Al2O3-H2O system at temperatures from 120 to 380°C and pressures from 1 to 70 MPa is carried out, and the dehydration of aluminum hydroxide under hydrothermal conditions is studied experimentally. The results indicate that -AlOOH (boehmite), which commonly appears in experimental phase diagrams, is a nonequilibrium phase in these temperature and pressure ranges. The dehydration rate and mechanism are shown to strongly depend on the crystallinity of the parent aluminum hydroxide and the pressure in the hydrothermal system.__________Translated from Neorganicheskie Materialy, Vol. 41, No. 5, 2005, pp. 540–547.Original Russian Text Copyright © 2005 by Almyasheva, Korytkova, Maslov, Gusarov. 相似文献
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在聚氧乙烯五醚(NP5),聚氧乙烯九醚(NP9),乳化剂(OP)和环己烷组成的微乳体系中制备二氧化锡前驱物.然后再经800~820℃焙烧2.5h,成功地制备了直径为30~90nm,长5~10μm的金红石结构的二氧化锡纳米棒,并用透射电子显微镜,电子衍射,X射线衍射对二氧化锡纳米棒的结构进行了表征.用熔盐合成机理对其形成进行了讨论,初步认为是成核、长大过程形成了二氧化锡纳米棒. 相似文献