共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 62 毫秒
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当今能源消耗的三大领域分别为交通、建筑和工业,建筑领域在能源消耗中占据了很大的一部分。其长期增长的趋势比较明显,节能潜力较大,并且减排的成本相比其它能耗较低。介绍STIRPAT模型及其相关理论基础,从定性的角度分析以下因素对于建筑能耗增长的推进作用,包括城镇化、人口、居民生活水平、第三产业和建筑面积。接着以天津市为例进行实证分析,通过STIRPAT模型对各驱动因素进行定量研究。最后运用岭回归分析方法回归分析建筑能耗及其影响因素的函数关系,以期为天津市制定建筑节能战略规划提供相应的依据。 相似文献
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作为全球最大的碳排放国家,中国每年都面临着庞大的减排任务.2021年5月6日发布的一份新研究报告称,截至2019年,中国的年度温室气体排放总量已占世界的27%,并且第一次超过了经济合作与发展组织(OECD)国家的总排放量.造成这一现象的主要原因是中国经济处于快速发展阶段,经济的发展必然伴随着能源的急剧消耗.以煤炭为主的... 相似文献
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采用排放因子法从煤炭、石油、天然气、热力及电力等5个方面测算我国48个城市2010~2018年碳排放总量,分别对高、中、低碳三类城市建立STIRPAT扩展模型,分析碳排放的影响因素,根据环境库兹涅茨曲线探讨碳排放随经济发展的变化规律,预测各城市碳排放拐点的到达时间。 相似文献
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《可再生能源》2014,(10)
文章以低碳经济理论为依据,在基于结构减排的碳排放总量控制优化模型基础上,将与低碳经济发展相关的九大类行业所涉及的能源类别对应的碳排放量作为研究对象,以预期年碳排放量最小为优化目标,预期年碳减排目标、能源消费总成本、各行业能源消耗量等作为约束条件,运用传统线性规划数学方法,建立基于技术减排的碳排放总量控制优化模型。模型优化结果显示,在运用低碳技术改变能源利用方式后,基于技术减排的优化方案2020年碳排放总量为959 817.17×104t,单位GDP碳排放为1.68 t/104元,较基于结构减排的优化方案降低了13.40%,表明相对于结构减排的优化方案尚具有一定的碳减排空间,为低碳经济发展提供了理论依据和决策支持。 相似文献
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利用Kaya恒等式和LMDI法分解模型,对我国碳排放量的影响因子进行分解,得出能源强度、能源结构、经济发展、人口规模因素对我国碳排放量的影响,建立STIRPAT模型并进行回归分析.结果 显示,随着能源强度降低、能源结构调整和经济的发展,我国的总碳排放量呈下降趋势. 相似文献
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本文基于船舶柴油机台架试验,研究了柴油机转速、负荷、喷油正时、燃油硫含量、燃油十六烷值、机油型号对船舶黑碳排放的影响.试验结果表明:当转速由1 200r/min上升到1 500r/min时,中高负荷的黑碳排放量减少了23.4%~43.6%;柴油机负荷增大到75%时,相对于10%负荷,黑碳排放量增大了约25倍;当喷油正时... 相似文献
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将能耗数据统计分析后,折算碳排放量,从产业和工序环节的角度梳理了中航工业碳排放特点,并结合碳总量和碳强度数据对中航工业碳减排潜力进行研究。研究表明:机械制造业是中航工业重点减排产业,其碳排放总量大,碳强度高于行业标准,减排潜力在42.04%~61.36%;而动力站、试飞试车、锻压和机加为重点碳排放工序。调研结果显示:中航工业所属企业中的9家企业碳减排潜力较大,可作为参与碳交易的重点关注企业。 相似文献
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当今二氧化碳减排措施的综合分析与比较 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
军队用油采购是军队油料保障的源头,关系到军队油料保障的全局。随着国际国内石油市场的发展,我国石油炼制企业呈现出了一些新的发展特点,如生产规模大型化、生产销售市场化等。这些发展特点给当前军队油料采购带来了新的问题和新的挑战。通过分析当前我国石油炼制企业发展特点,分析了其对军油采购的影响,并结合现状提出了解决军油采购问题的办法。 相似文献
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《Energy Policy》2005,33(1):1-4
Reliance on oil as an energy source for private transportation produces increasingly unfavorable social, political and environmental conditions including climate change, dependence on foreign oil, and the need for difficult choices between oil production and protection of biological systems. At the same time, the population is increasingly sedentary due largely to our reliance on the automobile for transportation. Adoption and maintenance of healthy weights and healthier lifestyles by substituting walking or biking for short trips currently taken by car could simultaneously improve health and reduce oil consumption and carbon dioxide emissions. We calculate the reduction in oil consumption and carbon dioxide emissions possible in the United States if (1) obese and overweight conditions were eliminated from the adult population through the use of walking or biking for transportation, and (2) individuals between the ages of 10 and 64 adopted previously recommended levels of daily exercise by walking or biking instead of driving. Substantial co-benefits accompany widespread adoption of physical activity. Assuming substitution of cycling for driving, the reduction in gasoline demand is equivalent to 34.9% of current domestic oil consumption. This constitutes considerably more oil than is recoverable from the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge. The concomitant reduction in US carbon dioxide emissions would constitute approximately 10.9% relative to 1990 net US emissions and would be a substantial step toward satisfying the Kyoto Protocol. 相似文献
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This paper presents a system analysis approach on carbon emission reduction at urban level, taking Shanghai as a case. Shanghai's current carbon emission was analyzed based on survey. The prospective carbon emission of Shanghai in 2010 and 2020 were estimated based on scenarios analysis. The main results are: (1) the primary energy consumption of Shanghai shows a continuously increasing trend in recent decades; (2) the energy consumption for production is where the majority of Shanghai's energy consumption is being used; (3) among the total energy consumed, secondary industry energy consumption occupies the biggest share; (4) computations indicate that Shanghai's current carbon emission steadily increased from 1990 to 2005 and reached 58.05 Mt C-eq in 2005, a factor of two times its 1990 emission; (5) if Shanghai can realistically meet the target of the 11th Five-Year Plan, the carbon emission reduction will reach to 17.26 and 111.04 Mt C-eq in 2010 and 2020, respectively, which represents a reduction of nearly 46% below its current growth trajectory in 2020. Based on these results, three strategic suggestions for developing low-carbon economy in Shanghai have been proposed, which can also be applied to other similar cities in China. 相似文献
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为研究商用车实际道路排放试验的影响因素,基于便携式排放测量系统(portable emission measurement system,PEMS)测试技术,进行多组车载排放试验。通过试验数据定性分析试验工况、整车速比、整车载荷、试验海拔等对整车PEMS测试结果的影响。研究表明,整车变速箱、后桥配置存在最佳速比匹配区间,稳定的驾驶工况有利于整车排放,高海拔地区排放变差,且高负荷工况恶化严重,整车载荷、空气湿度与排放结果呈负相关。并从排放检测试验过程、整车配置、整车ECU数据等方面对试验数据进行分析,确定试验条件变化影响整车后处理转化效率和发动机燃烧性能,导致发动机排放性能变化。 相似文献
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Investing in finite-life carbon emissions reduction program under risk and idiosyncratic uncertainty
《Energy Policy》2015
This paper aims at emphasizing the ability of new frameworks of real option model to highlight key characteristics of industrial Carbon Emissions Reduction Program investment decision. We develop both theoretical arguments and numerical simulations with structural parameters calibrated on real-life data. We find that both radical uncertainty and risk lead to speed-up green investments, compared to the predictions of real option models that are normally used in green investment literature. The conventional “wait and see” attitude, questioned in recent developments of the real option theory, is not validated. In conclusion, our results should foster companies to implement green investments and help governments to define appropriate incentives to encourage green investments. Of particular note, the paper highlights that finance theory is not necessarily an obstacle to green investment decisions. 相似文献
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文章结合某市3个垃圾填埋场CDM项目扩建改造工程,利用填埋气收集利用方法学ACM0001ver.1与AMS-I.D.ver.6、0-1整数规划方法,以填埋气发电系统GHG年减排量最大为目标,选取建设成本、经济利润、填埋气收集、供电等为约束条件,构建了基于发电机组布局的垃圾填埋气GHG减排优化模型。模型优化方案显示:案例工程优化后发电机组布局发生了较大变化,工程总投资降低7.87%,垃圾填埋气发电系统正常运行且产气量稳定条件下,达产年(2020年)最大GHG年减排当量为6 314 397 t(CO2e),较案例推荐方案增加了11.55%,经济效益提高了19.57%,说明合理调整垃圾填埋场CDM项目扩建改造工程发电机组的布局,不但可以减少工程总投资、提高经济效益,还可以有效缓解由于填埋气大量排放造成的温室气体效应。 相似文献