针铁矿法PbS精矿还原铁的试验研究

对V.M.针铁矿法铁还原过程进行试验研究,对比了两种还原方法:一是在锌冶炼酸浸渣中加入PbS精矿的还原浸出;二是酸浸渣热酸浸出液的PbS精矿还原,并进行了酸浸渣热酸浸出液PbS精矿还原条件摸索试验。试验结果表明,PbS精矿还原热酸浸出液能够满足V.M.针铁矿法的要求。     

低品位铁矿石直接还原新工艺研究

对多种难选铁矿石进行了煤基直接还原和渣铁分离研究，提出了煤基直接还原──渣铁分离──还原铁粉冷固结成型的新的工艺流程。所得产品的铁品位、金属化率和铁回收率分别在９０％、９２％和８４％以上。直接还原铁粉经冷固结成型后即为电炉炼钢的优质原料。该工艺为利用我国大量尚未开发的低品位难选铁矿石提供了新的途径。     

直接还原处理低品位钒钛磁铁精矿

在1 000~1 300℃添加少量Na_2CO_3+NaCl复配添加剂,以无烟煤做还原剂等温还原低品位钒钛磁铁精矿,再通过磁选分离获得铁精粉和钒钛渣。考察了C/Fe摩尔比、还原温度和还原时间对铁的还原、钒钛迁移富集行为以及物相转化规律的影响。结果表明,C/Fe摩尔比和反应温度对直接还原过程中有价组分迁移富集的影响很大,当C/Fe摩尔比为1.2时,在1 200℃还原2h,钒钛磁铁矿精矿的金属化率可达到92.8%,还原后钒主要富集在钛渣相中,有效实现了铁与钒/钛的分离。     

钒渣熔态选择还原的研究

用X光衍射分析、矿相鉴定、扫描电子显微镜等技术,研究钒渣的物相结构后认为,钒渣的主要相有钒尖晶石、铁橄榄石与金属铁。在高溫炉内研究了钒渣熔态还原的规律,其主要影响因素有:还原剂加入量、炉渣碱度和还原温度。用选择还原法可以使钒和钛与铁粗分离,这一生产工艺应分为两步:首先用碳还原钒渣中的氧化铁和分离金属铁得到“预还原钒渣”;其次用硅铁和碳还原“预还原钒渣”,通过条件控制得到高钒低钛的钒合金剂。这种钒合金剂可以满足生产高强度合金钢的要求。     

热酸浸出针铁矿除铁湿法炼锌中萃取法回收铟

本文介绍了作者提出的在热酸浸出、针铁矿除铁、湿法炼锌工艺中 ,用 P2 0 4 直接由低酸浸出还原液萃取回收铟的新工艺。试验表明 ,流程畅通 ,铟、铁萃取分离效果好 ,没有乳化产生 ,运行可靠 ,操作容易控制 ,铟回收率高。较从中和渣或铁矾渣中萃取回收铟有一系列优点。     

拜耳法赤泥对红土镍矿还原性能的影响

利用真空电弧炉高温还原熔炼工艺,结合金属回收率、还原产物微观组织和元素分布分析,研究了拜耳法赤泥对红土镍矿还原性能的影响。结果表明:添加拜耳法赤泥能够提高红土镍矿高温还原熔炼时渣的碱度,有利于渣铁分离,提高铁镍元素的回收率,从而减少其他熔剂的添加量;同时,拜耳法赤泥中的钛元素也随铁、镍元素一起被还原,进入到铁镍合金中,丰富了铁镍合金的元素组成,镍、铬元素均匀分布在铁相中,而钛元素聚集成不规则大颗粒析出。     

含碳球团熔融渗碳机理

使用CaO-SiO_2-Al_2O_3合成渣与磁铁矿、石墨粉制备含碳球团,考察了球团中渣相成分、渣量以及碳含量对铁水渗碳量的影响,并探讨了含碳球团内铁的熔融渗碳行为和机理。结果表明,熔融渗碳分为熔融还原渗碳以及铁熔体聚合过程渗碳2个阶段,前一阶段熔渣中Fe2+含量与铁的渗碳量处于动态平衡过程,主要受熔渣化学成分的影响;后一阶段的渗碳过程决定铁的物理渗碳极限,主要与铁、碳颗粒的接触条件有关,且熔渣中Fe2+的还原极限与渣相碱度和SiO_2绝对含量有关,铁的熔融渗碳量(质量分数)可以达到4%左右,满足铁锍分离要求。     

用熔融还原的方法从浸钒渣中提镓——碳不饱和情况下的熔融还原过程

用热力学系统模型（ＳＭＴ０对浸钒渣的熔融还原过程进行了模拟；在碳不饱和状态下，对浸钒渣中的镓的还原率与加碳量、ＣａＯ的加入量、还原时间及还原温度的影响进行了研究；对１５５０～１６００℃溶解于铁液中的碳对渣中的镓的还原动力学过程进行了研究，该反应的限制性环节是渣与金属界面的化学反应。     

添加剂对钒钛磁铁精矿球团熔融还原冶炼的影响

对钒钛磁铁精矿预还原球团熔融还原冶炼中添加剂的影响进行了研究,并对渣型制度进行了优化。熔融还原渣碱度、添加剂氧化镁和氧化铝对钒钛磁铁精矿的熔融还原作用明显。在添加剂作用下,1 500℃电炉冶炼10min后的熔融还原产物为含96.9%铁、0.52%钒的生铁,以及含66.13%TiO_2的熔融还原渣,实现了钒钛磁铁精矿冶炼中铁钒和钛的有效分离。     

金川镍弃渣铁资源回收综合利用

针对金川镍弃渣的特点,采用深度还原-磁选工艺,对其进行铁资源回收的综合利用实验研究,获得了铁品位为89.84%,铁回收率达93.21%的铁精矿.探讨了还原温度、还原时间、二元碱度、磨矿细度和磁场强度等不同实验条件对产品指标和分离效果的影响.通过X射线衍射分析、光学显微分析、SEM分析、化学分析等手段确定了镍弃渣与铁精矿的物相组成和特点.     

The Effect of Reduction Parameters on Iron Nugget Production From Composite Pellets

Composite pellets which contain a reducing agent and are produced only by cold bonding process are improved instead of traditionally hardened pellets by sintering. The new ironmaking technologies that are able to utilize these pellets have been developed from pilot plant to commercial scale. Iron nuggets which have a similar composition to pig iron can be produced by using composite pellets at high temperatures (1350–1400°C) and in a short reduction time (15–20 min) by smelting reduction process. In this study, the effect of reduction parameters and basicity of composite pellets on the reduction properties and product quality are investigated. Composite pellets containing magnetite concentrate with a reducing agent (coke) and a flux are processed at different temperature and at times by smelting reduction process. The increasing temperature and time has a positive effect on reduction and melting of the pellets. Excessive carbon prevents the metal droplets from coalescing. The iron nugget that is produced from the sample with the basicity (CaO/SiO₂) of 0.68 has the optimal physical and chemical properties. It is also determined that a decrease or increase of basicity has a negative effect on the properties of the iron nuggets.     

CaO－Sio_2－Al_2O_3－MgO－TiO_2－V_2O_5渣系熔融还

在实验室条件下，模拟铁浴法熔融还原过程，探讨了在ＣａＯ－ＳｉＯ＿２－Ａｌ＿２Ｏ＿３－ＭｇＯ－ＴｉＯ＿２－Ｖ＿２Ｏ＿５渣系与碳饱和熔铁之间Ｖ－Ｔｉ的耦合反应，以及在不同条件下钛对钒还原的影响。     

微细粒赤铁矿配加SiO2直接还原试验

采用赤铁矿配加 SiO2制成的团块进行直接还原,研究了微细粒嵌布赤铁矿直接还原焙烧及其分选机理,应用 X射线衍射扫描电镜及能谱等对还原产物进行分析.结果表明,SiO2含量较低时,SiO2对微细粒嵌布赤铁矿直接还原影响较小,SiO2含量增加时,还原团块金属化率、分选指标显著降低.还原温度较高时,SiO2对微细粒嵌布赤铁矿的直接还原-分选的影响加大.采用反应活性较好的烟煤作还原剂,能提高还原过程中铁氧化物还原速率,加快铁氧化物的还原,降低 SiO2对还原-分选指标的影响.SiO2含量升高,还原焙烧产物中硅酸铁含量增加,金属铁含量减少,同时金属铁颗粒粒径也随之减小,SiO2的存在对微细粒嵌布赤铁矿直接还原有显著的不利影响,适宜的还原温度和良好的还原煤有利于改善微细粒嵌布赤铁矿直接还原-磁选指标.     

流态化技术在熔融还原工艺中的应用

介绍了FINEX、FINMET、Circored和HIsmelt等几种典型熔融还原工艺采用流化床处理粉铁矿的技术及特点。总结了熔融还原中采用流化床处理粉铁矿应遵循的原则。参考国内外有关流化床处理粉铁矿的实践经验,提出了一种采用流化床处理粉铁矿的熔融还原炼铁新工艺流程,按照冶金功能分为4个系统:使用约800℃的还原煤气生产还原度约80%的DRI的流态化预热预还原系统;直接使用粉煤、高温高预还原度炉料、纯氧冶炼,二次燃烧率控制在20%左右的铁浴终还原系统;具有调节和变换终还原高温煤气和循环使用炉顶煤气功能的煤气改质系统;解决输出煤气利用的综合利用系统。     

Beneficiation of Titanium Oxides From Ilmenite by Self-Reduction of Coal Bearing Pellets

The study on the beneficiation of titanium oxides from Panzhihua ilmenites by reduction of coal bearing pellets was carried out. The iron oxides in pellets were efficiently reduced to metal iron, and titanium oxide slag beneficiated was separated from metal iron. The effect of temperature, flux and coal blending ratio on the reduction and separation was investigated, and rational parameters were determined. A new process for the beneficiation of titanium oxides by rotary hearth furnace （RHF） was proposed.     

A New Technology for Copper Slag Reduction to Get Molten Iron and Copper Matte

The change of iron composition as well as the removal of copper from iron was investigated in the reduction process,and a new way to deal with copper slag was proposed.The iron in copper slag exists mainly in the form of fayalite,and the copper sulfide content accounts for just about 50%.Therefore,the magnetic separation as well as grinding floatation method is not suitable,and a pyrogenic treatment on copper slag is necessary.The carburization and desulfurization process is restricted to a degree within the carbon composite pellets,and copper matte phase precipitates from copper slag in the reduction process,which is immiscible with molten iron and slag.The copper content decreases to 0.4% as the carbon content in molten iron reaches 3.84%,and the removal ratio of copper from molten iron approaches to 80%.The reduction and sulfurization process can be completed in one step,and the copper is separated from iron based on the ternary system of iron-matte-slag.     

Fundamental Study on New Method of Reducing Iron Ore-Coal Pellet in Cocurrent Shaft Furnace

Ｉｒｏｎｏｒｅ－ｃｏａｌｐｅｌｅｔｈａｓｂｅｅｎｕｓｅｄｉｎｔｈｅｄｉｒｅｃｔｒｅｄｕｃｔｉｏｎｐｒｏｃｅｓｓｃａｌｅｄＩｎｍｅｔｃｏ［１］，ａｎｄｉｓｂｅｉｎｇｔｒｉｅｄｔｏｂｅｕｓｅｄｉｎｎｅｗｓｈａｆｔｆｕｒｎａｃｅｉｒｏｎｍａｋｉｎｇｐｒｏｃ...     

Direct Reduction of Mixtures of Manganese Ore and Iron Ore

This paper presents recent results of direct reduction investigation of different combination of blends of manganese ore, iron ore and coal at the Department of Ferrous Metallurgy (IEHK) of RWTH Aachen University. A mixture of iron and manganese ore in a ratio of 75/25 is a good raw material for steelmaking of high Mn‐alloyed grades. The experimental studies consisting of reduction of (a) fine material and (b) agglomerated material (briquettes) were carried out in the range of 1273 to 1673 K. The behaviour of combined reduction of manganese ore and iron ore and the employment in the direct reduction on a coal and gas basis for production of steels with high Mn content were investigated. It was found that a high metallization degree for Mn can be reached at 1273 K with the reduction of manganese ore by hydrogen‐containing gas. Addition of carbon monoxide to the reducing gas retarded the reduction process. The addition of coal to manganese ore and iron ore blends increased the degree of reduction. The results of carbothermic reduction of briquettes consisting of a mixture of manganese ore and iron ore combined with coal as reducing agent show that a high temperature, a low Mn/Fe ratio and a high Fe₂O₃ content have a favourable effect on the degree of reduction. In order to obtain a high degree of metallization, the temperature should be higher than 1473 K. The reduction of briquettes at higher temperatures (up 1573 K) has shown a molten phase and the separation of slag and metal.     

氢还原体系控制水压的物相平衡计算

利用HSC Chemistry软件平台对不同温度成分下的铁氧化物还原体系进行模拟物料平衡计算,比较不同温度下氢还原、乙醇辅助氢还原、碳辅助氢还原铁氧化物的还原效果.通过计算多个体系的物料平衡,评估各阶段发生的反应,对还原温度的影响进行说明.结果表明,在各个体系中,随着氢分压增加,可以降低完全反应所需的温度,低温下还原反...     

煤中氢对含碳球团还原的影响

针对含碳球团还原过程中的煤种选择问题,研究了烟煤和无烟煤挥发分中氢对含碳球团还原的作用以及温度、加热速度对氢还原过程的影响。结果表明,含碳球团中煤热解产生的氢对铁氧化物有还原作用。由于煤中挥发分的热解析出温度与氢还原铁氧化物的还原温度不一致,氢在还原初期迅速放出,导致氢的还原作用率低;提高温度和加热速度可提高煤中氢的还原作用率和挥发分的利用率。综合考虑,含碳球团实际生产选择煤种时,应选择反应性好的无烟煤。