基于形态学的十字目标定位方法研究

为了提高微操作系统的装配精度,提出了一种基于形态学腐蚀算法和Hough变换的十字目标亚像素中心定位方法。首先通过选取适当的结构元素,分别对组成十字图像的垂直、水平方向的直线段进行腐蚀处理,得到含有十字中心信息的水平和垂直的两条行、列像素,行、列的相交点即为十字图像特征的中点;然后选取适当参数空间,对行、列进行Hough变换并将结果记入参数空间累加器,最后对区域内点进行加权平均处理,得到十字图像亚像素中心定位。实验结果表明：该方法具有定位速度快,定位精度高的优点。     

基于Zernike正交矩的图像亚像素边缘检测算法改进

介绍了Zernike矩及基于Zernike矩的图像亚像素边缘检测原理, 针对Ghosal提出的基于Zernike矩的亚像素图像边缘检测算法检测出的图像存在边缘较粗及边缘亚像素定位精度低等不足, 提出了一种改进算法. 推导了7×7 Zernike矩模板系数, 提出一种新的边缘判断依据. 改进的算法能较好检测图像边缘并实现了较高的边缘定位. 最后, 设计了3组不同的实验. 实验结果同Canny算子及Ghosal算法相比, 证明了改进算法的优越性.     

基于矩的亚像素边缘检测算法的对比研究

基于矩的亚像素算法在众多亚像素算法中是最成熟有效的算法之一.本文对三种基于矩的亚像素算法进行了分析,并对灰度矩算法所出现的边缘判定问题进行了研究及改进.最后对三种矩算法进行了检测性能对比,为实际情况下亚像素边缘检测算法的选取提供了参考.     

改进的电缆护套厚度检测方法

图像精密检测精度很大程度上依赖于亚像素边缘检测精度,目前应用较广的是基于Zernike旋转不变矩的边缘检测技术。分析了传统Zernike矩边缘检测不足之处,分别在边缘灰度值函数建模、曲率较大处亚像素定位和实时性能等方面给出改进与创新,进而提出一种改进的基于旋转不变矩亚像素定位算法思想。并用此算法做了电缆护套厚度测试实验。从实验结果看,该算法定位精度有了改进,算法思想可行。     

改进的圆形标志亚像素级中心检测方法

针对现有亚像素级边缘检测算法过于依赖图像灰度值,且计算邻域不明确等不足,提出一种改进的圆形标志中心亚像素级检测方法。利用双阈值法得到边缘的粗定位点,将坐标轴按粗定位点的梯度方向进行旋转,在新坐标系下通过邻域控制参数S的自适应选择,选取合适的邻域进行边界点的亚像素级定位,利用椭圆拟合确定目标边缘。通过Matlab编程实现算法,并与原算法进行比较,结果显示改进方法的精度较高,可满足摄影测量等光电测量的要求。     

高分辨率PCB图像亚像素边缘检测算法

针对高分辨率工业印刷电路板PCB图像的直方图和边缘特征进行了统计分析,提出了一种基于直方图统计的双门限选择方法进行像素级边缘定位,然后根据亚像素原理把像素级边缘校正到亚像素精度的快速亚像素边缘检测算法。与插值、空间矩以及曲面拟合等传统亚像素边缘检测算法的对比实验结果表明,本文算法在检测精度上达到0.066个像素,满足检测精度的要求,并在计算速度上具有较大优势。     

灰度矩边缘精确定位法的测量应用探讨

针对运用图像处理法进行二维尺寸精密测量的关键问题之一——图像目标边缘精确定位,提出了运用一维灰度矩亚像素边缘定位原理,分别计算若干条扫描线边缘,通过统计计算确定直线边缘的方法;在分析图像目标边缘像素灰度分布的基础上,确定了计算用像素点的选取原则;通过试验验证了这种方法的可行性,即采用一维灰度矩亚像素定位和统计计算方法可以进行精确边缘定位,并实现高精度几何尺寸测量;试验表明文中采用的方法定位精度可以达到小于0．01像素的水平。     

基于降维技术及空间矩的彩色图像亚像素边缘检测

现代图像的边缘检测方法需要在充分利用图像中的色彩信息基础上能够提供亚像素边缘信息。提出一种基于图像降维技术的彩色图像亚像素边缘检测方法,利用Ostu算法得到图像的像素级边缘,并在降维所得的投影图像上结合空间矩方法提取亚像素级边缘。实验结果表明,该算法定位精度可达到0.14个像素,能够有效地提取真彩色图像的边缘轮廓信息。     

基于机器视觉的光斑中心高精度实时检测

激光光癍的实时采集和光斑中心精确定位是激光应用和机器视觉检测领域一个关键问题.本文采用DirectShow技术实时获取并处理光斑图像,先使用Sobel算子处理得到像素级图像边缘,再使用二阶空间矩算子进一步细化从而得到亚像素边缘数据,最后通过最小二乘法拟合从而得到光斑中心0.1像素级坐标.实验结果表明该方法处理速度能满足实时系统需求,鲁棒性好,定位精度高,在定位运动光斑的中心和激光受不同环境影响情况的偏离状况方面有较好的应用.     

能量均衡原则下的快速图像尺寸调整算法

为了实现高效的内容感知图像缩放,提出一种能量均衡原则下的快速算法.该算法采用多个低分辨率图像的水平垂直梯度能量的加权和计算像素能量;然后根据列能量自动选取若干较不重要的列,在能量均衡原则下对其宽度进行调整,得到内容感知图像缩放结果.实验结果表明,文中算法速度快,且能够有效地保护图像中的重点内容和主要结构.     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

基于QTE的蒙古文显示机制研究与实现

蒙古语言是中国蒙古族使用的通用语言,由于蒙古文区别于其他文字的书写方式和其自身变形机制等特点,在很多通用的文字处理引擎中都不被支持。在嵌入式产品开发与应用领域中Linux加QTE已经成为流行方式。该文给出了一种在QTE环境上实现基于标准Unicode的蒙古文点阵显示和变形算法, 并自定义了支持蒙古文的QTE组件,扩展了QTE功能,为在Linux加QTE方式的嵌入式体系结构中处理蒙古文提供了一种解决方法。