基于扰动观测器的永磁同步电机电流环自适应滑模控制

针对扰动对永磁同步电机转速伺服系统性能的影响,提出了基于扰动观测器的电流环自适应滑模控制方法。设计了自适应律在线估计系统的内部参数摄动以补偿模型不确定性扰动。同时,设计了滑模扰动观测器实时估计系统外部负载扰动,并将观测值前馈补偿到电流环自适应滑模控制器,在提高系统鲁棒性的同时降低滑模控制系统的抖振。实验结果显示,采用基于扰动观测器的电流环自适应滑模控制方法,系统可快速、准确、无超调地跟踪900r/min的速度指令,调节时间为0.08s,稳态误差为±5r/min。加入0.6N·m的负载扰动,该控制方法的最大转速波动为21r/min,比PI控制方法的转速波动减小了3.4%。仿真和实验结果表明,基于扰动观测器的电流环自适应控制方法提高了永磁同步电机转速伺服系统的鲁棒性和动态响应性能,同时可有效抑制滑模控制系统的抖振。     

机械臂滑模控制算法研究

针对机械臂轨迹跟踪控制中传统滑模控制需估计其建模误差及外界干扰等不确定性,当建模不确定性及外界干扰较大较复杂时,将会导致出现抖振现象。该文在以传统滑模控制为主控制器的基础上,通过对传统干扰观测器进行改进,对外界干扰进行反馈补偿,同时利用神经网络对其建模误差进行逼近。通过机械手仿真实验结果表明,所提方法能够有效抑制系统抖振现象,提高响应速度及其轨迹跟踪精度。     

Composite fuzzy sliding mode control of nonlinear singularly perturbed systems

This paper deals with the robust asymptotic stabilization for a class of nonlinear singularly perturbed systems using the fuzzy sliding mode control technique. In the proposed approach the original system is decomposed into two subsystems as slow and fast models by the singularly perturbed method. The composite fuzzy sliding mode controller is designed for stabilizing the full order system by combining separately designed slow and fast fuzzy sliding mode controllers. The two-time scale design approach minimizes the effect of boundary layer system on the full order system. A stability analysis allows us to provide sufficient conditions for the asymptotic stability of the full order closed-loop system. The simulation results show improved system performance of the proposed controller as compared to existing methods. The experimentation results validate the effectiveness of the proposed controller.     

An enhanced tracking control of marine surface vessels based on adaptive integral sliding mode control and disturbance observer

In this paper, a new control methodology is developed to enhance the tracking performance of fully actuated surface vessels based on an integrating between an adaptive integral sliding mode control (AISMC) and a disturbance observer (DO). First, an integral sliding mode control (ISMC), in which the backstepping control technique is used as the nominal controller, is designed for the system. The major features, i.e., benefits and drawbacks, of the ISMC are discussed thoroughly. Then, to enhance the tracking performance of the system, an adaptive technique and a new disturbance observer based on sliding mode technique are developed and integrated into the ISMC. The stability of the closed-loop system is proved based on Lyapunov criteria. Computer simulation is performed to illustrate the tracking performance of the proposed controller and compare with the existing controllers for the tracking control of a surface vessel. The simulation results demonstrate the superior performance of the proposed strategy.     

挖掘机器人的模型与自适应模糊滑模控制

为实现挖掘机器人的自动挖掘,在挖掘机器人的轨迹规划器给出铲斗期望运动轨迹的情况下,需要挖掘机器人的控制系统能够控制其工作装置实现对给定轨迹的准确跟踪.利用拉格朗日方法建立了挖掘机器人工作装置的三自由度动力学方程,设计了自适应模糊滑模变结构控制器.利用模糊控制动态调节切换增益,将滑模控制的切换项转化为连续的模糊系统,增强了控制系统对挖掘机器人工作装置不确定性和外界干扰的鲁棒性,削弱了滑模控制的抖振现象,并且有较强的自适应跟踪能力.利用MATLAB7.4/Simulink工具箱对所设计的控制器进行了仿真,给出了自适应模糊滑模控制的跟踪性能及误差.     

基于自适应模糊的旋转弹反演滑模控制律设计

针对旋转弹药模型具有非线性、强耦合和参数不确定性等特点,建立了考虑不确定因素的非线性控制模型,提出一种基于自适应反演和滑模控制理论的旋转弹体姿态控制律。基于Lyapunov稳定性理论,利用反演控制和滑模变结构理论取虚拟控制量作为滑动模态,设计了姿态控制器;基于模糊控制方法较强的逼近能力,引入自适应模糊控制实现对不确定参数的估计,同时通过对切换增益的模糊逼近解决了滑模面的抖振问题。仿真结果表明,所设计的控制律具有较好的稳定性和鲁棒性,该控制模型和控制器的设计合理可行。     

基于动态滑模的起重机位置控制系统设计

给出了起重机电机负载系统的数学模型,以此模型为基础,采用动态滑模控制理论,分别设计了系统的磁链动态滑模控制器和位置动态滑模控制器,考虑到系统转子磁链无法直接测量,设计了转子磁链观测器;为保证动态滑模面的物理可实现性,对系统的不确定干扰设计了自适应律,进行自适应估计。仿真结果表明系统具有较好的动态性能,较高的位置控制精度及对干扰具有良好的鲁棒性。     

基于模糊滑模控制和两级滤波滑模观测器的PMSM改进控制策略

针对传统带有滑模观测器的永磁同步电机控制系统中转矩脉动大、抖振明显、反电动势估计精度差等问题,提出基于模糊滑模控制和两级滤波滑模观测器的PMSM改进控制策略.首先,在速度环提出基于双曲正弦函数的新型趋近率,结合模糊控制思想对趋近率参数实现自整定,设计了一种基于新型趋近率的模糊积分滑模速度环控制器,并且对新型趋近率的抖振抑制效果给出严格分析.其次,提出基于变截止频率低通滤波器和修正反电动势观测器的两级滤波结构,抑制反电动势中的高频分量和测量噪声,并对转子位置进行合理补偿,继而设计了两级滤波滑模观测器;通过Lyapunov判据对本文提出控制策略的稳定性进行了推导证明.仿真和实验结果表明,与传统滑模观测器相比,改进的控制器使电机在启动和受到外部扰动时系统响应良好,有效改善了转矩脉动、抖振、反电动势的估计精度等问题.     

一类不确定非线性系统的自适应滑模控制

滑模变结构控制系统能够通过控制其本身结构的变化,使得系统性能保持一直高于一般固定结构控制所能达到的性能,突破了经典线性控制系统的品质限制,适用于非线性的不确定系统。同时滑模控制能保证在模型的不确定和外部扰动的情况下系统的稳定性与鲁棒性,而且以损失能导致抖振的最优控制性能而得到稳定鲁棒性,同时它的不确定性上界必须是已知的,但有时候很难得到上界。这样提出一种自适应的方法以进一步避免这些问题,同时这种方法能保证闭环系统的稳定性。本论文给出仿真结果来验证该方法的有效性。     

Adaptive sliding mode current control with sliding mode disturbance observer for PMSM drives

This paper focuses on the current control of a permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) for electric drives with model uncertainties and external disturbances. To improve the performance of the PMSM current loop in terms of the speed of response, tracking accuracy, and robustness, a hybrid control strategy is proposed by combining the adaptive sliding mode control and sliding mode disturbance observer (SMDO). An adaptive law is introduced in the sliding mode current controller to improve the dynamic response speed of the current loop and robustness of the PMSM drive system to the existing parameter variations. The SMDO is used as a compensator to restrain the external disturbances and reduce the sliding mode control gains. Experiments results demonstrate that the proposed control strategy can guarantee strong anti-disturbance capability of the PMSM drive system with improved current and speed-tracking performance.     

转台伺服摩擦系统模糊滑模控制仿真

滑模控制是一种非线性控制策略,能够根据当前状态实现自适应的变结构运动,能够实现伺服系统的快速响应,并克服低速状态下摩擦力矩的影响。鉴于常规滑模控制有严重的抖振现象,系统通过引入柔性的模糊控制,通过模糊控制算法改变其切换增益,实现不确定项的消除。以直流电动伺服系统为被控对象,建立了其数学模型和摩擦模型,实现了基于切换增益的模糊滑模控制器的设计,软件仿真结果表明论文所设计的滑模控制器能达到较好的控制品质,有效的克服系统抖振,实现系统低速摩擦补偿。     

An adaptive sliding mode control technology for weld seam tracking

A novel adaptive sliding mode control algorithm is derived to deal with seam tracking control problem of welding robotic manipulator, during the process of large-scale structure component welding. The proposed algorithm does not require the precise dynamic model, and is more practical. Its robustness is verified by the Lyapunov stability theory. The analytical results show that the proposed algorithm enables better high-precision tracking performance with chattering-free than traditional sliding mode control algorithm under various disturbances.     

四旋翼不确定干扰前馈补偿与反步滑模姿态控制

针对四旋翼控制中由外部不确定干扰和系统参数不确定引起的具有时变特性的不确定界干扰问题,设计一种不确定干扰前馈补偿的反步滑模姿态抗干扰控制方法。采用牛顿欧拉方法建立带不确定干扰的四旋翼6自由度动力学模型,然后采用非线性干扰观测器对姿态系统中的不确定干扰进行观测估计,进而基于不确定干扰估计量的前馈补偿设计反步滑模控制器,最后通过Lyapunov理论验证了系统的稳定性。仿真结果表明,所设计的控制器可以有效解决外部干扰和系统参数不确定导致的系统高阶不确定性问题,实现不确定干扰下的四旋翼鲁棒控制,同时改善传统滑模中控制输入不连续的情况。通过仿真与抗干扰飞行实验验证了所设计的控制策略在应对快时变特性干扰时具有较好的鲁棒性。     

基于模糊滑模控制的再生制动系统稳定性分析

针对电动汽车再生制动系统稳定性问题,将模糊滑模控制技术应用于再生制动过程的稳定性研究。分析了再生制动过程中3种制动模式之间的相互关联以及动态演化,并综合考虑车辆制动稳定性及制动能量回收率,提出了电机再生制动力和前后轮液压制动力协调控制的最大化制动力分配策略;以滑移率为控制目标,将模糊控制与变结构控制相结合,建立了基于电机再生制动的稳定性模糊滑模控制策略;依据实车参数,对控制策略模型进行了仿真分析。研究结果表明,模糊滑模控制实现了电动汽车制动模式的合理切换,并验证了控制策略的有效性。     

Implementation of an adaptive fuzzy compensator for coupled tank liquid level control system

In this paper, an adaptive fuzzy control (AFC) system is proposed to realize level position control of two coupled water tanks, often encountered in practical process control. The fuzzy control system includes an adaptive model identifier and controller. The gains of AFC are obtained by using the fuzzy identifier model which is defined by real system outputs and control inputs. The parameters of fuzzy identifier model are adjusted online by using recursive least square algorithm. Because the controller has a recursive form it treats model uncertainties and external disturbances in an implicit way. Thus there is no need to specify uncertainty and disturbances for this controller design in advance. A well-tuned conventional proportional integral (PI) controller is also applied to the two coupled tank system for comparison with the AFC system. Experimentation of the coupled tank system is realized in two different configurations, namely configuration #1 and configuration #2 respectively. In configuration #1, the water level in the top tank is controlled by a pump. In configuration #2, the water level in the bottom tank is controlled by the water flow coming out of the top tank. Experimental results prove that the AFC shows better trajectory tracking performance than PI controller in that the plant transient responses to the desired output changes have shorter settling time and smaller magnitude overshot/undershoot. Robustness of the AFC with respect to water level variation and capability to eliminate external disturbances are also achieved. Experimental results show that AFC is a strong and a practical choice for liquid level control.     

A novel adaptive sliding mode control with application to MEMS gyroscope

This paper presents a new adaptive sliding mode controller for MEMS gyroscope; an adaptive tracking controller with a proportional and integral sliding surface is proposed. The adaptive sliding mode control algorithm can estimate the angular velocity and the damping and stiffness coefficients in real time. A proportional and integral sliding surface, instead of a conventional sliding surface is adopted. An adaptive sliding mode controller that incorporates both matched and unmatched uncertainties and disturbances is derived and the stability of the closed-loop system is established. The numerical simulation is presented to verify the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme. It is shown that the proposed adaptive sliding mode control scheme offers several advantages such as the consistent estimation of gyroscope parameters including angular velocity and large robustness to parameter variations and external disturbances.     

Fuzzy surface-based sliding mode control

A new controller based on a combination of Sliding Mode Control and Fuzzy Logic is proposed. The conventional sliding surface is modified using a set of fuzzy rules. This combination confers controller robustness and flexibility. A neutralization process and a mixing process are used to compare the performance of the new controller to that of a conventional sliding mode controller and a PID controller.     

复合滑模控制在精密PMLSM激光切割运动平台的应用

针对永磁直线同步电机激光切割运动平台的位置伺服控制低抖振、高精度、强鲁棒的要求,在传统双幂次滑模趋近律的基础上,提出一种变边界层的双幂次滑模趋近律带滑模扰动观测器的复合趋近律滑摸控制方法。变边界层方法是对控制系统的控制精度要求和降低抖振的权衡,而所提出的方法又继承了传统双幂次滑模趋近律方法的有限时间收敛特性。为了降低控制系统设计的保守性,设计了一种基于超螺旋算法的滑模扰动观测器对系统的未知扰动进行估计,并在此算法中添加一个幂指数,通过仿真实验证明了提高幂指数的数值可加快未知扰动的估计值的收敛速度。结合Lyapunov稳定性理论,证明了闭环系统的稳定性。最后,搭建了用于激光切割的永磁直线同步电机平移试验台对所提出的控制器进行测试。实验结果表明:本文所提出的控制器的位置跟踪误差不超过1μm,且误差波动较小,能够满足伺服控制系统的要求。     

Anti-disturbance speed control of low-speed high-torque PMSM based on second-order non-singular terminal sliding mode load observer

This paper presents an anti-disturbance speed control of low-speed high-torque permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) based on the second-order non-singular terminal sliding mode load observer. According to the coordinate transformation theory, the mathematical model of PMSM is established. Subsequently, the second-order non-singular terminal sliding mode observer (SNTSMO) is designed to observe the changes of load disturbance in the PMSM system. The SNTSMO combines the advantages of both high-order sliding mode and non-singular terminal sliding mode to achieve the fast convergence and no chattering. Next, the sliding mode controller (SMC) is designed to achieve speed loop control of PMSM. Then, the anti-disturbance compound speed controller is established on the basis of SMC and SNTSMO, wherein the feed-forward compensation is used to reduce the disturbance from the load. Finally, the numerical simulations and experiments are presented according to the schematic diagram of the designed compound speed controller of PMSM. The results demonstrate that the designed SNTSMO can precisely estimate the load disturbance and suppress the effects of buffeting in the traditional sliding mode observer (SMO). Additionally, the designed compound speed controller of PMSM can achieve smooth speed control in the presence of load disturbance, achieve the purpose of anti-disturbance speed control and further improve the robustness of the control system.     

基于扩张状态观测器的炮控系统串联滑模控制

针对坦克炮控系统中存在齿圈间隙、摩擦力矩和参数漂移等多种非线性因素造成系统驱动延时、换向振荡和低速“爬行”等问题,设计了一种基于扩张状态观测器(ESO)的炮控系统串联滑模控制器.首先,利用系统内部可测信息,将炮控系统分解为n个串联的一阶子系统;然后,引入ESO估计各子系统的不确定性.在此基础上,基于backsteppi...