控制时滞系统基于观测器的最优扰动抑制

研究在持续外界扰动作用下含有控制时滞线性系统的最优扰动抑制问题. 首先利用模型转换将控制时滞系统转化为无时滞系统. 然后证明最优控制律的存在唯一性, 并通过求解Riccati方程和Sylvester方程设计含前馈补偿器和控制记忆项的最优控制律, 其中的前馈控制项和控制记忆项分别补偿了扰动和控制时滞对系统的影响. 通过构造扰动状态观测器, 解决了前馈补偿器的物理不可实现问题. 仿真实例验证了所设计的最优控制律的有效性.     

Observer-based approximate optimal tracking control for time-delay systems with external disturbances

This paper proposes a successive approximation design approach of observer-based optimal tracking controllers for time-delay systems with external disturbances. To solve a two-point boundary value problem with time-delay and time-advance terms and obtain the optimal tracking control law, two sequences of vector differential equations are constructed first. Second, the convergence of the sequences of the vector differential equations is proved to guarantee the existence and uniqueness of the control law. Third, a design algorithm of the optimal tracking control law is presented and the physically realisable problem is addressed by designing a disturbance state observer and a reference input state observer. An example of an industrial electric heater is given to demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed approach.     

Observer-based consensus control for multi-agent systems with measurement noises and external disturbances

This study presents a distributed observer-based consensus control for general linear multi-agent systems under measurement noises and external disturbances. By using the state linear transformation with the matrix constructed from the incidence matrix of a virtual chained directed spanning tree, we transform the observer-based consensus problem into an asymptotic stability problem of a corresponding augmented linear system. The augmented linear system consists of the reduced-order system deduced from dynamic equations of the agents and state estimation error system. Based on asymptotic stability of the augmented linear system, we present some sufficient conditions in terms of linear matrix inequalities for the existence of the distributed observer-based consensus controller. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed approach is illustrated by a numerical example.     

线性时滞系统基于观测器的最优输出跟踪控制器近似设计

研究线性时滞系统的最优输出跟踪控制器近似设计过程.首先根据原系统最优输出跟踪控制问题构造了两个分别具有已知初始条件和终端条件的微分方程迭代序列,并证明它们一致收敛于原问题的最优解.然后通过对该解序列的有限次迭代,得到最优输出跟踪控制问题的一个近似解,进一步给出一个计算近似最优输出跟踪控制律的算法.最后通过构造降维参考输入观测器解决了最优输出跟踪控制器中前馈项的物理可实现问题.仿真结果表明该方法是有效的,且易于实现.     

Control of unstable non-minimum-phase delayed systems

The control of systems with long delays, by considering the option of stable/unstable and minimum/non-minimum-phase processes, is a challenging one. Most of the existing solutions do not cover all the situations and, in any case, they lead to complex controllers. Simple controllers, easy to design and tune, are very important in the process industry. In this paper, some control schemes based on a new but very simple Smith Predictor are presented, the tuning of the controllers being done on a delay-free model. Internal stability and robust stability analysis for these control structures is provided. Several illustrative examples taken from previous works are included to demonstrate the simplicity and superiority of the proposed method over those already published both for robust stability and to reject load disturbance.     

基于观测器的不确定时滞系统的鲁棒控制

研究不确定线性时滞系统的状态观测器和基于观测器的鲁棒控制器设计问题,其中不确定性是时变的、不要求满足匹配条件。通过构造增广系统,利用Ｌｙａｐｕｎｏｖ稳定性理论,获得了该不确定系统存在状态观测器和基于观测器的鲁棒控制器的充分条件,同时给出了相应的状态观测器和基于观测器的鲁棒控制器。所得结论推广并改进了已知的一些结果,并通过实例说明了其有效性。     

Truncated predictor feedback control for exponentially unstable linear systems with time-varying input delay

The stabilization of exponentially unstable linear systems with time-varying input delay is considered in this paper. We extend the truncated predictor feedback (TPF) design method, which was recently developed for systems with all poles on the closed left-half plane, to be applicable to exponentially unstable linear systems. Assuming that the time-varying delay is known and bounded, the design approach of a time-varying state feedback controller is developed based on the solution of a parametric Lyapunov equation. An explicit condition is derived for which the stability of the closed-loop system with the proposed controller is guaranteed. It is shown that, for the stability of the closed-loop system, the maximum allowable time-delay in the input is inversely proportional to the sum of the unstable poles in the plant. The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated through numerical examples.     

基于观测器的多智能体系统一致性控制与故障检测

针对一类受到未知干扰的非线性多智能体系统,提出了一种鲁棒一致性控制与故障检测算法.首先,针对每个智能体系统设计了一个未知输入非线性观测器.然后,基于观测器的状态估计信息,设计了鲁棒一致性控制协议.控制协议保证了给定的干扰抑制性能指标.接着,考虑智能体出现故障的情形,采用自适应阈值法,提出了一种分布式故障检测算法.最后,以多个直流电机驱动的单摆系统为例进行了仿真实验,仿真结果表明了一致性控制与故障检测算法的有效性.     

Adaptive fuzzy observer backstepping control for a class of uncertain nonlinear systems with unknown time-delay

In this paper, a new adaptive fuzzy backstepping control approach is developed for a class of nonlinear systems with unknown time-delay and unmeasured states. Using fuzzy logic systems to approximate the unknown nonlinear functions, a fuzzy state observer is designed for estimating the unmeasured states. On the basis of the state observer and applying the backstepping technique, an adaptive fuzzy observer control approach is developed. The main features of the proposed adaptive fuzzy control approach not only guarantees that all the signals of the closed-loop system are semiglobally uniformly ultimately bounded, but also contain less adaptation parameters to be updated on-line. Finally, simulation results are provided to show the effectiveness of the proposed approach.     

Observer-based fault-tolerant control for a class of nonlinear networked control systems

This paper presents a fault-tolerant control (FTC) scheme for nonlinear systems which are connected in a networked control system. The nonlinear system is first transformed into two subsystems such that the unobservable part is affected by a fault and the observable part is unaffected. An observer is then designed which gives state estimates using a Luenberger observer and also estimates unknown parameter of the system; this helps in fault estimation. The FTC is applied in the presence of sampling due to the presence of a network in the loop. The controller gain is obtained using linear-quadratic regulator technique. The methodology is applied on a mechatronic system and the results show satisfactory performance.     

基于观测器的不确定非线性系统的自适应鲁棒模糊控制

针对单输入单输出不确定非线性系统提出了一种自适应鲁棒模糊控制算法.该算法通过设计观测器来估计系统的状态向量,因此不要求假设系统的状态向量是可测的.在这个算法中,主要的假设为最优逼近参数向量与标称参数向量之差的范数和逼近误差的界限是未知的.通过只对未知界限估计的调节,该算法减轻了在线计算量并且提高了系统的鲁棒性.所设计的自适应鲁棒模糊控制算法保证了闭环系统的所有信号是一致有界的并且跟踪误差估计收敛到一个小的零邻域内.仿真例子证实了所提方法的可行性.     

基于观测器的周期拒绝服务攻击网络化系统动态事件触发控制

针对具有周期拒绝服务(DoS)攻击的网络化系统,设计一种基于观测器的具有动态事件触发策略的控制器.首先,通过DoS攻击对网络化系统的影响建立了DoS攻击模型,采用切换系统的方法,将具有DoS攻击的网络化系统分为DoS攻击活跃子系统和DoS攻击休眠子系统.对不可测的系统状态设计状态观测器,通过在静态事件触发中引入一个内部...     

不稳定零动态系统的鲁棒控制

不稳定零动态系统的特点是存在不稳定模态.不稳定零动态与不稳定模态有联系但并不等同,不稳定零动态具有不变性,而不稳定模态则是可以被镇定的.采用复合控制,用快速回路直接对不稳定子系统进行镇定,而对于取输出进行反馈的慢变回路来说,将快速回路的动特性作为未建模动态而采用常规的鲁棒控制方法进行设计.整个设计具有鲁棒性.以小车-倒摆系统为例对设计过程作了详细的说明.     

Observer-based adaptive fuzzy backstepping control of uncertain nonlinear pure-feedback systems

In this paper,a new fuzzy adaptive control approach is developed for a class of SISO uncertain pure-feedback nonlinear systems with immeasurable states.Fuzzy logic systems are utilized to approximate the unknown nonlinear functions;and the filtered signals are introduced to circumvent algebraic loop systems encountered in the implementation of the controller,and a fuzzy state adaptive observer is designed to estimate the immeasurable states.By combining the adaptive backstepping technique,an adaptive fuzzy output feedback control scheme is developed.It is proven that the proposed control approach can guarantee that all the signals of the resulting closed-loop system are semi-globally uniformly ultimately bounded(SGUUB),and the observer and tracking errors converge to a small neighborhood of the origin by appropriate choice of the design parameters.Simulation studies are included to illustrate the efectiveness of the proposed approach.     

基于观测器的时滞系统鲁棒控制器的设计

研究了一类不确定时滞系统基于观测器的鲁棒镇定问题,系统的不确定性时变未知且范数有界,目的是设计状态观测器和线性无记忆观测状态反馈控制器,使其能够镇定一类状态和控制输入不确定性时滞系统。基于Lyapunov稳定性理论,采用线形矩阵不等式这一有效工具,给出了系统基于观测状态反馈鲁棒镇定的充分条件,并且利用线形矩阵不等式的解构造了使得系统鲁棒稳定的基于观测状态反馈控制器,所得结果与时滞相关,从而相对减弱了控制器设计的保守性。数值算例表明了所提出的设计方法的有效性。     

Observer-based event-triggered leader-following control of a class of linear multi-agent systems

This paper addresses an observer-based consensus problem for leader-following control of a class of linear multi-agent systems (MASs) under a directed communication topology via event-triggered approaches. State observers are employed to tackle the scenario wherein inner information of the follower agents are not available for measurement. And then, an observer-based distributed leader-following control scheme is developed on the basis of event-triggered mechanisms. Further, to avoid continuous measurement information monitor, we present a technical approach for generation of the combinational information from their own neighbouring agents only at triggered instants. In theory, the stability of the resulting closed-loop system is rigorously investigated, and it is proven that all signals in the closed-loop system are bounded and Zeno behaviour is also excluded. Finally, simulation examples are presented for illustration of the theoretical claims.     

Observer-based fault tolerant control for a class of nonlinear multi-agent systems with sensor faults

This article focuses on the robust fault tolerant control (FTC) problem for a class of Lipschitz nonlinear multi-agent systems(MASs) subject to sensor faults. Firstly, sensor faults are transformed into actuator faults via introducing a new intermediate auxiliary state variable, and a distributed adaptive fault estimation observer is designed to estimate the state information and the concerned faults by using the relative output estimation error. Then, the sufficient existence conditions for the observer to satisfy the robust performance index are given. Thirdly, based on the results of observer design, a new design method of dynamic output feedback controller is proposed to implement consensus of MASs and ensure the desired disturbance rejection performance. Finally, the simulation results are presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

Observer-based fuzzy adaptive fault control for a class of MIMO nonlinear systems

In this paper, the fault-tolerant control (FTC) problem is investigated for a class of multi-input multiple output nonlinear systems with time-varying delays, and an active FTC method is proposed. The controlled system contains unknown nonlinear functions, unknown control gain functions and actuator faults, which integrates time-varying bias and gain faults. Then, fuzzy logic systems are used to approximate the unknown nonlinear functions and unknown control gain functions, fuzzy adaptive observers are used for fault detection and isolation. Further, based on the obtained information, an accommodation method is proposed for compensating the actuator faults. It is shown that all the variables of the closed-loop system are semi-globally uniformly bounded, the tracking error converges to an arbitrary small neighbourhood of the origin. A simulation is given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.     

Observer-based output feedback control of discrete-time linear systems with input and output delays

In this paper, we study observer-based output feedback control of discrete-time linear systems with both multiple input and output delays. By generalising our recently developed truncated predictor feedback approach for state feedback stabilisation of discrete-time time-delay systems to the design of observer-based output feedback, two types of observer-based output feedback controllers, one being memory and the other memoryless, are constructed. Both full-order and reduced-order observer-based controllers are established in both the memory and memoryless schemes. It is shown that the separation principle holds for the memory observer-based output feedback controllers, but does not hold for the memoryless ones. We further show that the proposed observer-based output feedback controllers solve both the l₂ and l_∞ semi-global stabilisation problems. A numerical example is given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed approaches.     

Observer-based adaptive fuzzy tracking control for a class of MIMO nonlinear systems with unknown dead zones and time-varying delays

The adaptive tracking control strategy is investigated for a class of multi-input and multi-output pure-feedback nonlinear delayed systems with unknown dead-zone inputs. This problem is challenging due to the existence of unknown dead zones, time-varying delays and unavoidable state variables. By constructing fuzzy approximators and state observers, the difficulties from unknown nonlinearities and unavailable state variables are surmounted, respectively. Lyapunov–Krasovskii functions are introduced to deal with the time-varying delays. The adaptive controllers are designed by a backstepping method and adaptive technique so that the closed-loop systems remain stable and the target signals can be tracked within a small error as well. At last, two examples are provided to show the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.