军事分析仿真评估系统模糊知识库研究

指挥员的决策需要大量的军事知识和态势信息,对于军事分析仿真评估系统,建立指挥控制模型更需要有详细的知识支撑,知识库的完备性对指挥控制模型的运行速度和效率具有决定性的影响。但真实的战场决策环境下存在着大量的模糊信息,能否很好地处理模糊信息成为制约知识库进一步发展的关键因素。因此,在深入研究军事分析仿真评估系统知识库的基础上,重点介绍了其模糊拓展的数据模型设计,最后通过实例验证了模型的正确性。     

基于高层体系结构的军事工程毁伤与防护仿真系统

为满足军事工程毁伤分析、防护评估、防护训练等需要,提出一种基于高层体系结构/运行支撑架构 (HLA/RTI)的军事工程毁伤与防护仿真体系结构。在阐述仿真系统概念设计的基础上,确立了军事工程毁伤与防护仿真HLA总体架构,提出了系统功能逻辑结构;模型是HLA联邦开发的核心问题,确立了军事工程毁伤与防护仿真模型体系,遵从军事训练信息系统模型框架,设计了军事工程毁伤与防护模型;最后,给出了系统联邦工作流程,遵循联邦时间策略,以UML时序模型说明联邦成员行为设计。     

基于贝叶斯网络的军事工程毁伤评估模型研究

应用贝叶斯网络理论在解决不确定性事件方面的推理优势,提出了基于贝叶斯网络的军事工程毁伤评估新方法。根据军事工程毁伤评估的系统特征与要求,提出了分解、转换、综合的系统建模规则,并引入贝叶斯网络原理,建立了运用贝叶斯网络进行军事工程毁伤评估系统建模的分析框架;在确定军事工程毁伤评估网络节点变量的基础上,以仿真计算数据为样本,确定网络结构和网络参数,寻找隐含的概率依赖关系和知识表达,构建军事工程毁伤评估置信模型。通过实例验证了用贝叶斯网络进行军事工程毁伤评估与推理的有效性。     

军事工程毁伤评估的组合智能模型

鉴于军事工程毁伤的复杂性,提出了基于组合智能评估模式的军事工程毁伤评估模型。以军事工程毁伤评估体系结构及其特征与功能约束为基础,设计军事工程毁伤效果组合智能评估的构件化模式,建立军事工程毁伤效果组合智能评估机制;以智能优化算法提高军事工程毁伤效果评估效率为目标,设计了一种易于仿真推理的军事工程毁伤效果组合智能评估流程。以人工神经网络为主体,集成小波分析和遗传算法,建立军事工程毁伤效果评估的非线性智能组合评估模型,应用于军事工程抗精确打击毁伤分析。案例表明,非线性组合智能评估模型充分发掘不同算法的差异优势,仿真实验验证了组合设计的可行性。     

计算机仿真系统评估方案研究

分布式交互是实现复杂系统仿真的重要手段,各个成员仿真系统的性能至关重要,现有评估方法主要关注于仿真系统、模型的正确性和可信度,而没有从全面综合的角度来分析仿真系统自身的质量。因此,建立了能够整体评估仿真系统性能的指标体系,构建了仿真系统二级模糊综合评估模型,并应用该模型对野营保障模拟训练系统进行了评估分析,得出了较为合理的评估结论,验证了评估方案的可行性和易操作性。     

步兵分队作战仿真军事概念模型研究

面向步兵分队作战效能评估需求,针对步兵分队作战仿真系统的研制,基于任务空间概念模型(CMMS)开展军事概念模型的研究.介绍了军事概念模型的基本定义及其在军事仿真中的作用,阐述了CMMS的定义和组成.针对步兵分队作战仿真建立了军事概念模型,包括想定概念描述、作战实体概念描述、战斗指挥概念描述、战斗行动概念描述和战斗动作概念描述五大部分,为步兵分队作战仿真系统的详细设计和实现奠定了基础.     

武器装备仿真系统可信度评估

随着现代科技的发展和军事的需要,武器装备系统仿真对武器装备系统的论证变得越来越重要,主要作用是节约开支,优化作战性能,进行效能评估等.然而仿真可信度目前还没有很好的评估方法.一个仿真系统如果不知道其可信度如何,往往让人难以接受.根据国内外研究现状,主要讨论了仿真的校核、确认与验收和仿真可信度的关系,同时分析了仿真可信度的概念,并在概念分析的基础上提出了一些常用可信度的评估方法,这些方法在实际应用中具有指导意义.     

军事工程毁伤与防护仿真对象模型设计方法

为满足军事工程毁伤与防护仿真系统设计的互操作性和组件重用要求,提出了一种军事工程毁伤与防护仿真对象模型设计方法.在提炼军事工程毁伤与防护高层体系结构(HLA)仿真系统建模过程的基础上,揭示基于HLA仿真系统的模型开发层次,设计了军事工程毁伤与防护仿真对象模型,给出了仿真系统对象类和交互类,并以UML协作图描述联邦成员与交互类的关系.在军事工程毁伤与防护仿真系统的开发中证明该设计方法是可行的.     

面向通信与指挥军事建模框架研究

军事建模框架是军事仿真研发过程中提出并运用的重要概念。鉴于我国军事通信与指挥的实际情况,提出了支持仿真模型集成及多分辨率模型的面向通信与指挥的军事建模框架(MMFOC2),设计了仿真模型体系的功能区分及分类体系,用实例说明了运用该建模框架进行作战仿真的基本流程,结果表明该模型及方法对于战术仿真系统建模是十分有效的。     

仿真在战术互联网效能评估中的应用

效能评估是战术互联网建设的重要内容,仿真是效能评估的关键技术.在分析战术互联网效能评估方法的基础上提出了基于HLA的战术互联网分布式仿真系统体系结构,基于战术互联网战场环境的特点建立了网络场景模型,并从对路由协议性能的影响方面与目前常用网络仿真环境模型进行了比较,仿真结果说明不同的网络场景模型将对战术互联网性能仿真产生较大的影响从而影响效能评估结果.文章所建立的战术互联网仿真系统体系结构和网络场景模型可以对战术互联网性能仿真和效能评估提供一定参考.     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.