碱性染料在蔺草染色中上染率和摩擦牢度的研究

选用碱性兰染料对蔺草进行染色,探讨染液pH值、染色保温温度、染料用量、电解质的用量及染色保温时间对蔺草上染率和摩擦牢度的影响,结果表明,用碱性兰染料对蔺草进行染色时,最佳上染率和摩擦牢度的工艺条件是:染液pH值7～10,染色保温温度80℃,染色温度在70℃以下时升温速率控制在3℃/min,染色温度在70～80℃时升温速率控制在1℃/2 min,染料用量为0.5%～1%(owf),元明粉用量10 g/L,染色保温时间20 min。     

再生蚕丝蛋白纤维的染色性能研究

主要研究染料种类、染料质量分数、氯化钠质量浓度、染色时间、染色温度等5个因素对再生蚕丝蛋白纤维上染率的影响,分析了再生蚕丝蛋白纤维的染色性能.结果表明:对纤维素纤维染色性能较好的染料对再生蚕丝蛋白纤维也有很好的染色性能.运用直接染料对再生蚕丝蛋白纤维进行染色,得到的最佳工艺为:染料质量分数1％ (omf)、氯化钠质量浓度12 g/L、染色温度85℃、染色时间50 min.     

影响阳离子染料可染涤纶染色饱和值测定的因素

纤维染色饱和值是衡量染色性能和制定合理染色工艺的重要参数。染色过程中染浴的pH值、染色温度、染色时间、染料浓度等因素都会影响纤维染色饱和值的准确测定。以阳离子染料可染涤纶为例,染浴pH值控制在4.5~5、染色温度125℃、染色时间120 min时,染色饱和值测定结果稳定。     

聚乳酸纤维的常压染色研究

在常压下,用七种分散染料及其复配染料对聚乳酸纤维进行染色,并对染色纤维进行了牢度性能测试。除了黄棕色外,其余染料的上染率都随着色度的增加而下降。同一只染料在同一的色度下,延长染色时间对增加染料的上染率作用不明显。随着染色温度的升高,黄素色和蓝色染料的上染率得到明显的提高,而对深红色和黄棕色染料而言这种作用并不明显。同时,通过测量染色纤维的色彩强度定量的描述了染料上染率对温度的敏感性。     

低盐复合活性黑染料的染色性能研究

本文复配了新型低盐活性黑染料,研究了不同组分之间的复配比例对染料染色性能的影响,得到了最佳复配比例。复配染料的最佳染色工艺为:浴比1∶20、染色温度60℃、染色时间70分钟,纯碱用量20 g/L。此外还测定了低盐复合活性黑染料的低盐染色效果、染色提升力和染色牢度。     

PTT纤维染色工艺研究

采用Artelon Red系列染料对聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯(PTT)纤维进行染色,研究了其染色工艺,并对PTT纤维染色前后的力学性能进行了比较。结果表明:在相同温度和pH值条件下,PTT纤维对ArtelonRed AQE染料的上染率较Artelon Red W-3B染料的高;Artelon Red AQE染料,Artelon Red W-3B染料适宜的染浴温度分别为100,110℃,pH值均为7;当染色温度达到80℃后,升温速率缓和,可提高匀染效果;染色过程对PTT纤维强力的损伤影响不大。     

超声辅助姜黄染料棉织物染色性能研究

采用超声辅助手段对姜黄染料上染纯棉织物染色性能进行研究。实验结果表明:同浴染色工艺要优于先染色后媒染。通过正交实验分析,证明超声辅助能够有效提高姜黄染料的染色深度。在染色温度60℃,染色时间60 min,浴比1∶30的条件下,超声辅助姜黄染料上染棉织物的K/S值为4.12,没有超声辅助染色的K/S值为3.76。超声辅助姜黄染料上染棉织物染色时间短、上染温度低、上染率高、匀染性好、耐摩擦性优良,具有良好的节能降耗的现实意义。     

芳纶1313的超高温高压染色研究

本文采用超高温高压法对芳纶1313进行染色,分别研究了染料种类和染色温度对芳纶1313纱线染色日晒牢度、K/S值及染透性等方面影响,结果发现,分散染料所染纱线的各项染色性能都比阳离子染料和还原染料好;随染色温度升高,日晒牢度、纤维表面颜色深度及其纤维染透性都得到了不同程度的改善,而纱线的断裂强度随染色温度的升高变化不大。     

活性染料配伍因子测定及其影响因素研究

选择了9只高、中、低S.E.F.R.值的活性染料,研究了其配伍值及其影响因素。研究结果表明:染色工艺参数改变时对染料的S、MI、LDF、T50值有明显影响。高S.E.F.R.值的染料,当染色温度在30℃-70℃之间变化,染料的MI%值的变化幅度为12%-20%,并随染色温度的上升而下降,当盐的浓度变化时,MI%值变化不大,但随浴比的升高而升高;中等S.E.F.R.值的染料,染色温度对MI.%值影响不大,随染色浓度的升高而下降,盐浓度的影响较小,而随浴比的升高而上升;低S.E.F.R.的染料,随染色温度上升,染料的MI.%逐渐上升,超过50℃时有所下降,并随着染色浓度的上升而下降,盐的浓度增加MI.%下降,但随浴比的上升而增加。     

活性染料配伍因子测定及其影响因素研究

选择了9只高、中、低S.E.F.R.值的活性染料,研究了其配伍值及其影响因素。研究结果表明:染色工艺参数改变时对染料的S、MI、LDF、T50值有明显影响。高S.E.F.R.值的染料,当染色温度在30℃-70℃之间变化,染料的MI%值的变化幅度为12%-20%,并随染色温度的上升而下降,当盐的浓度变化时,MI%值变化不大,但随浴比的升高而升高:中等S.E.F.R.值的染料,染色温度对MI.%值影响不大,随染色浓度的升高而下降,盐浓度的影响较小,而随浴比的升高而上升:低S.E.F.R.的染料,随染色温度上升,染料的MI.%逐渐上升,超过50℃时有所下降,并随着染色浓度的上升而下降,盐的浓度增加MI.%下降,但随浴比的上升而增加。     

低温分散染料对PTT纤维的染色性能研究

根据PTT纤维的结构特点,采用低温型分散染料进行染色加工。讨论了染色温度、染浴pH值和染色时间对上染百分率、染色深度、断裂强度和断裂伸长率的影响,得出了最佳的染色温度为100℃,染浴为中性,最佳染色时间为35min左右。     

涤/棉混纺织物分散/活性染料一浴染色工艺研究

本实验选择双一氯均三嗪结构的活性染料和耐碱型分散染料,探讨涤/棉(65/35)混纺织物分散/活性染料一浴染色工艺。通过单因素实验分析了染色温度、染色时间、无水硫酸钠浓度和碳酸钠浓度对织物染色效果的影响,得到优化的工艺。红色在硫酸钠60 g/L、碳酸钠2 g/L、温度120℃、时间30分钟工艺条件下染色;蓝色在硫酸钠浓度45 g/L、碳酸钠浓度2g/L、温度130℃、时间60分钟工艺条件下染色。     

Dyeing kinetics of methacrylic acid grafted polyester fabric with astrazonrot violet and rhodamine red basic dyes

The low‐temperature dyeing kinetics of radiation‐grafted poly(ethylene terephthalate) fabric were studied. The effects of the graft yield (GY), dye concentration, and dyeing temperature on the color difference (CD) of methacrylic acid grafted polyester fabric were studied for astrazonrot violet (AV) and rhodamine red (RR) basic dyes. CD increased sharply with an increase in GY and tended to level off at higher degrees of grafting. The best dyeing conditions were achieved for both dyes at pH 11.5. CD of the grafted fabric increased rapidly as the dyeing time increased; this was followed by a relatively slow dyeing rate within a few minutes, which depended on the concentration and temperature of the dye bath. The initial dyeing rates and rate constants for the AV dye were higher than those for the RR dye. The dyeing process followed 0.14‐order kinetics and was independent of the dyeing temperature or the type of dye. The dyeing rates and rate constants increased with an increase in the dyeing temperature. An Arrhenius‐type plot of the natural logarithm of the dyeing rate constant versus the inverse of the absolute temperature yielded apparent activation energies of 4.9 and 13.8 kJ/mol and pre‐exponential rate constants of 9.4 and 100.6 (CD/GY)s^?1 for the AV and RR dyes, respectively. The mechanism of the dyeing process for the two dyes was diffusion‐controlled, and their dyeing rates depended on the type of basic dye. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 94: 1070–1076, 2004     

Dyeing transition temperature of wools treated with low temperature plasma,liquid ammonia,and high‐pressure steam in dyeing with acid and disperse dyes

Wool fibers treated with oxygen low‐temperature plasma, liquid ammonia (NH₃), and high‐pressure (HP) steam were dyed with two acid and three disperse dyes. Rate of dyeing, saturation dye uptake, and dyeing transition temperature were measured. Rate of dyeing of the O₂ plasma, NH₃, and HP steam‐treated wools increased with acid dyes, whereas it did not increase with disperse dyes. Although dyeing transition temperature for acid dyes was decreased by the plasma, NH₃, and HP steam treatments, the temperature for disperse dyes was not changed by the treatments. Therefore, it seems that acid dyes penetrate by the intercellular diffusion through the interscale Cell Membrane Complex (CMC) of wool, whereas disperse dyes penetrate by the intracellular diffusion through the intrascale cuticle surface independently with CMC relaxation by the treatments. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 80: 1058–1062, 2001     

锦纶66微纤维活性染料染色条件探讨

采用毛用和棉用活性染料对锦纶66微纤维染色,详细讨论了染色温度、染浴pH值、染色和皂洗方法对染色深度和固色率的影响,分析了不同类型的活性染料对染色条件的敏感性。活性染料对锦纶66微纤维的染色深度、固着率和固着效率受温度、pH值、染料母体结构和活性基的影响很大。毛用活性染料更适合于锦纶66微纤维的染色,普通乙烯砜硫酸酯及乙烯砜硫酸酯/一氯均三嗪染料可有选择性地加以使用,毛用活性染料合适的染色pH值约为4,其它染料适用的pH值因品种而异。采用酸性染色或先酸性后碱性的染色条件均可,后者的优点是固着效率高,但染色深度未见提高染色后采用碱性条件皂洗有利于染色深度的提高。     

活性染料对莲纤维的染色性能研究

为了了解活性染料对莲纤维的染色性能,采用单因素分析法,在改变温度、浴比、时间、元明粉浓度、纯碱浓度等工艺条件下,分别采用两种不同类型的活性染料对莲纤维进行染色,并测试其上染率、固色率、耐皂洗色牢度和耐汗渍色牢度。结果表明:活性大红X-3B上染莲纤维的最佳染色工艺为染色温度40℃,染液浴比1∶40,染色时间60 min,元明粉质量浓度20 g/L,纯碱质量浓度30 g/L;活性嫩黄X-7G上染莲纤维的最佳染色工艺为染色温度40℃,染液浴比1∶50,染色时间60 min,元明粉质量浓度10 g/L,纯碱质量浓度20 g/L;活性染料耐皂洗色牢度和耐汗渍色牢度都在3级以上。     

A novel and eco-friendly approach for dyeing polyester fabrics by liquid disperse dyes treated with deep eutectic solvent

Disperse dyes do not contain water-soluble groups and are difficult to dissolve in water, so they cannot be directly formulated into dyeing liquor. In the current dyeing process, the solubility of disperse dyes is mainly improved by adding dispersants. However, dispersants are not absorbed by fibres and survive in the dyeing effluent, aggravating the pollution of water bodies and causing difficulties in treatment. Therefore, the development of a novel, eco-friendly dyeing approach is important to overcome these problems. Herein, for the purpose of improving the solubility of disperse dyes and reducing the dosage of dispersants, a deep eutectic solvent consisting of choline chloride/ethylene glycol was employed instead of dispersant to dissolve CI Disperse Blue 79 and CI Disperse Red 343, thus forming liquid disperse dyes. The results show that both CI Disperse Blue 79 and CI Disperse Red 343 were well dissolved in choline chloride/ethylene glycol with excellent stability, and the dissolution behaviour was strongly associated with the dissolution temperature and time. Moreover, polyester fabrics can be dyed successfully with liquid disperse dyes, and it was observed that the K/S value and rubbing fastness were evidently improved at the same dyeing temperature with unchanged colour characteristics, and a higher K/S value could still be obtained by lowering the dyeing temperature. This work establishes a green dyeing process, which reduces dyeing costs and meets the demand for environmental protection. It is also expected to realise the liquid state of disperse dyes, which will help to promote the further development of textile dyeing.     

B型活性染料对大豆蛋白质纤维的染色工艺研究

用B-型活性染料对大豆蛋白质纤维进行染色。研究了染色过程中温度、盐类、碱剂、浴比等诸因素对染色效果的影响,优选出最佳方案。研究结果表明:B-型活性染料用于大豆蛋白质纤维染色具有很好的得深性,鲜艳度和染色牢度,是大豆蛋白质纤维染色用的首选染料。